{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:HOZ4PQTQH4C2FJB4PD3RGKJX32","short_pith_number":"pith:HOZ4PQTQ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2007.13765","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2020-07-27T18:00:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"ad7a32d5b61afcade3f50196191f6daad9d0a42129808285bef23a6d4b09b1a0","abstract_canon_sha256":"c34596aa1bf3c3055bbb252a75cec1e7fccea91a04590a34d9b5a8c1374b43f3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3bb3c7c2703f05a2a43c78f7132937de8301c73ec28bfe1897174203f53da89e","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2007.13765","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2007.13765","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2007.13765v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2007.13765","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HOZ4PQTQH4C2","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HOZ4PQTQH4C2FJB4","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HOZ4PQTQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:HOZ4PQTQH4C2FJB4PD3RGKJX32","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2007.13765","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2020-07-27T18:00:02Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.SR"],"title_canon_sha256":"ad7a32d5b61afcade3f50196191f6daad9d0a42129808285bef23a6d4b09b1a0","abstract_canon_sha256":"c34596aa1bf3c3055bbb252a75cec1e7fccea91a04590a34d9b5a8c1374b43f3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"3bb3c7c2703f05a2a43c78f7132937de8301c73ec28bfe1897174203f53da89e","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03.165205Z","signature_b64":"J9dJfoIuJ0yKb6F5zV3Q1txzA/5hKv5v5btbCWGeHK+kcCTiO3HKyJLJCJ9so6sTlzwF7p63x4XEOWQWpal7DA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"3bb3c7c2703f05a2a43c78f7132937de8301c73ec28bfe1897174203f53da89e","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03.164747Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03.164747Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2007.13765","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"OSE3znPmtutv9QuCX/Z4KtvM3Rp488+sA5Dl90H7BAnlSEUpBvDT7pQyQhvMjCVOVWEVYpOnJ+axeIlDcybPBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T19:34:16.224402Z"},"content_sha256":"d3ee7b8fad2cc744ac171b60d58aca3a85191a04830321600a0e8ae251ca15a2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d3ee7b8fad2cc744ac171b60d58aca3a85191a04830321600a0e8ae251ca15a2"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:HOZ4PQTQH4C2FJB4PD3RGKJX32","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Measuring stellar and black hole masses of tidal disruption events","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.SR"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Julian Krolik, Taeho Ryu, Tsvi Piran","submitted_at":"2020-07-27T18:00:02Z","abstract_excerpt":"The flare produced when a star is tidally disrupted by a supermassive black hole holds potential as a diagnostic of both the black hole mass and the star mass. We propose a new method to realize this potential based upon a physical model of optical/UV light production in which shocks near the apocenters of debris orbits dissipate orbital energy, which is then radiated from that region. Measurement of the optical/UV luminosity and color temperature at the peak of the flare leads directly to the two masses. The black hole mass depends mostly on the temperature observed at peak luminosity, while "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2007.13765","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2007.13765/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"L93Q5Y7aQajxHraKAKey1RXUd4hu1glgdGesH7T8gnGCqm0WwEannFETPmdGbpu/5dovLV6BQ7fujjJRYkgUCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T19:34:16.228046Z"},"content_sha256":"35b24f84bffafa0dc7c8567431466432b6647e90749852312199b4cb73fbda54","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:35b24f84bffafa0dc7c8567431466432b6647e90749852312199b4cb73fbda54"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HOZ4PQTQH4C2FJB4PD3RGKJX32/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/HOZ4PQTQH4C2FJB4PD3RGKJX32/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HOZ4PQTQH4C2FJB4PD3RGKJX32/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-17T19:34:16Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/HOZ4PQTQH4C2FJB4PD3RGKJX32","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/HOZ4PQTQH4C2FJB4PD3RGKJX32/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/HOZ4PQTQH4C2FJB4PD3RGKJX32/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/HOZ4PQTQH4C2FJB4PD3RGKJX32/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:HOZ4PQTQH4C2FJB4PD3RGKJX32","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c34596aa1bf3c3055bbb252a75cec1e7fccea91a04590a34d9b5a8c1374b43f3","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2020-07-27T18:00:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"ad7a32d5b61afcade3f50196191f6daad9d0a42129808285bef23a6d4b09b1a0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2007.13765","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2007.13765","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2007.13765v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2007.13765","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"HOZ4PQTQH4C2","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"HOZ4PQTQH4C2FJB4","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"HOZ4PQTQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:35b24f84bffafa0dc7c8567431466432b6647e90749852312199b4cb73fbda54","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2007.13765/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The flare produced when a star is tidally disrupted by a supermassive black hole holds potential as a diagnostic of both the black hole mass and the star mass. We propose a new method to realize this potential based upon a physical model of optical/UV light production in which shocks near the apocenters of debris orbits dissipate orbital energy, which is then radiated from that region. Measurement of the optical/UV luminosity and color temperature at the peak of the flare leads directly to the two masses. The black hole mass depends mostly on the temperature observed at peak luminosity, while ","authors_text":"Julian Krolik, Taeho Ryu, Tsvi Piran","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.SR"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2020-07-27T18:00:02Z","title":"Measuring stellar and black hole masses of tidal disruption events"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2007.13765","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d3ee7b8fad2cc744ac171b60d58aca3a85191a04830321600a0e8ae251ca15a2","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c34596aa1bf3c3055bbb252a75cec1e7fccea91a04590a34d9b5a8c1374b43f3","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.SR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2020-07-27T18:00:02Z","title_canon_sha256":"ad7a32d5b61afcade3f50196191f6daad9d0a42129808285bef23a6d4b09b1a0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2007.13765","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"3bb3c7c2703f05a2a43c78f7132937de8301c73ec28bfe1897174203f53da89e","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"3bb3c7c2703f05a2a43c78f7132937de8301c73ec28bfe1897174203f53da89e","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03.164747Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03.164747Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"J9dJfoIuJ0yKb6F5zV3Q1txzA/5hKv5v5btbCWGeHK+kcCTiO3HKyJLJCJ9so6sTlzwF7p63x4XEOWQWpal7DA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:56:03.165205Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2007.13765","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d3ee7b8fad2cc744ac171b60d58aca3a85191a04830321600a0e8ae251ca15a2","sha256:35b24f84bffafa0dc7c8567431466432b6647e90749852312199b4cb73fbda54"],"state_sha256":"fd862db5273954bff65dd9a203d2c7bf54fcbf4bd43511a555c3b3f7d9f6f0ad"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"F3Xas+hcCYh79kaO4uAaYhvI0F+vYIVsiUvX+nG+FwLxUGKSgvZxd3/GSe+tncA35HQUaM69w5Jok+1cPu7bCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T19:34:16.238253Z","bundle_sha256":"4c28a5585a54950855599673e055e920e84f3cd96264bfa953c9bb3e18e7f979"}}