{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:I3I7KNHDQROTDRHHMZTFWKQ3OC","short_pith_number":"pith:I3I7KNHD","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1501.04070","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.ST","submitted_at":"2015-01-16T18:01:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ME","stat.TH"],"title_canon_sha256":"1c9af986a83e2092095c520e0e814a9c8e4702663f12aabc9a5d8a17aeee3feb","abstract_canon_sha256":"9a31866074fd7a96c1f5faea6a185561d21d67aa896225ee7bfcf20d131d1a84"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"46d1f534e3845d31c4e766665b2a1b70b8e4402ec42e45ea7a4ffbb1d2467e36","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1501.04070","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1501.04070","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:29:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1501.04070v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:29:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1501.04070","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:29:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"I3I7KNHDQROT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"I3I7KNHDQROTDRHH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"I3I7KNHD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:25Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:I3I7KNHDQROTDRHHMZTFWKQ3OC","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1501.04070","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.ST","submitted_at":"2015-01-16T18:01:31Z","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ME","stat.TH"],"title_canon_sha256":"1c9af986a83e2092095c520e0e814a9c8e4702663f12aabc9a5d8a17aeee3feb","abstract_canon_sha256":"9a31866074fd7a96c1f5faea6a185561d21d67aa896225ee7bfcf20d131d1a84"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"46d1f534e3845d31c4e766665b2a1b70b8e4402ec42e45ea7a4ffbb1d2467e36","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:29:16.379389Z","signature_b64":"6mDycCxKmzSyXow1vgux++t7+T5cAaYa1UzkVAG7P9mArg58X11WvTNnqJBddau0wIIz0njPzh5nDufOqEf0Cw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"46d1f534e3845d31c4e766665b2a1b70b8e4402ec42e45ea7a4ffbb1d2467e36","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:29:16.378911Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:29:16.378911Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1501.04070","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:29:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"15uRD4l7ycmHFq/i7L5burjjrsCBiihQn/VYgduyrnFXFrd4nWmWzHcpNJa/yWx+OQNbBOsDpaTtE6/yM2BGAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-04T17:31:49.378866Z"},"content_sha256":"d9e2e81c368a075e33a7fd750f3a4edd3b58c419c5adbb7554db480fc8c1dd54","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d9e2e81c368a075e33a7fd750f3a4edd3b58c419c5adbb7554db480fc8c1dd54"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:I3I7KNHDQROTDRHHMZTFWKQ3OC","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"An Information-Theoretic Alternative to the Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient of Item Reliability","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["stat.ME","stat.TH"],"primary_cat":"math.ST","authors_text":"Ernest Fokoue, Necla Gunduz","submitted_at":"2015-01-16T18:01:31Z","abstract_excerpt":"We propose an information-theoretic alternative to the popular Cronbach alpha coefficient of reliability. Particularly suitable for contexts in which instruments are scored on a strictly nonnumeric scale, our proposed index is based on functions of the entropy of the distributions of defined on the sample space of responses. Our reliability index tracks the Cronbach alpha coefficient uniformly while offering several other advantages discussed in great details in this paper."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1501.04070","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:29:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"55wrtU+bz5SvtuFOOJDH2iUvdoYogO9yuNDMw++SLiqbEcFO2DI2d4SrzQXE9E2aQNKLldatsA33Xt8Kl1myBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-04T17:31:49.379204Z"},"content_sha256":"a1a0eceba21279fca0ec2f80611bfb29533f1720d902f5e8f9192a6c5120451e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a1a0eceba21279fca0ec2f80611bfb29533f1720d902f5e8f9192a6c5120451e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/I3I7KNHDQROTDRHHMZTFWKQ3OC/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/I3I7KNHDQROTDRHHMZTFWKQ3OC/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/I3I7KNHDQROTDRHHMZTFWKQ3OC/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-04T17:31:49Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/I3I7KNHDQROTDRHHMZTFWKQ3OC","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/I3I7KNHDQROTDRHHMZTFWKQ3OC/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/I3I7KNHDQROTDRHHMZTFWKQ3OC/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/I3I7KNHDQROTDRHHMZTFWKQ3OC/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:I3I7KNHDQROTDRHHMZTFWKQ3OC","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9a31866074fd7a96c1f5faea6a185561d21d67aa896225ee7bfcf20d131d1a84","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ME","stat.TH"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.ST","submitted_at":"2015-01-16T18:01:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"1c9af986a83e2092095c520e0e814a9c8e4702663f12aabc9a5d8a17aeee3feb"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1501.04070","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1501.04070","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:29:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1501.04070v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:29:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1501.04070","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:29:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"I3I7KNHDQROT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"I3I7KNHDQROTDRHH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:25Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"I3I7KNHD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:25Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a1a0eceba21279fca0ec2f80611bfb29533f1720d902f5e8f9192a6c5120451e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:29:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We propose an information-theoretic alternative to the popular Cronbach alpha coefficient of reliability. Particularly suitable for contexts in which instruments are scored on a strictly nonnumeric scale, our proposed index is based on functions of the entropy of the distributions of defined on the sample space of responses. Our reliability index tracks the Cronbach alpha coefficient uniformly while offering several other advantages discussed in great details in this paper.","authors_text":"Ernest Fokoue, Necla Gunduz","cross_cats":["stat.ME","stat.TH"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.ST","submitted_at":"2015-01-16T18:01:31Z","title":"An Information-Theoretic Alternative to the Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient of Item Reliability"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1501.04070","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d9e2e81c368a075e33a7fd750f3a4edd3b58c419c5adbb7554db480fc8c1dd54","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:29:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9a31866074fd7a96c1f5faea6a185561d21d67aa896225ee7bfcf20d131d1a84","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.ME","stat.TH"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.ST","submitted_at":"2015-01-16T18:01:31Z","title_canon_sha256":"1c9af986a83e2092095c520e0e814a9c8e4702663f12aabc9a5d8a17aeee3feb"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1501.04070","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"46d1f534e3845d31c4e766665b2a1b70b8e4402ec42e45ea7a4ffbb1d2467e36","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"46d1f534e3845d31c4e766665b2a1b70b8e4402ec42e45ea7a4ffbb1d2467e36","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:29:16.378911Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:29:16.378911Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"6mDycCxKmzSyXow1vgux++t7+T5cAaYa1UzkVAG7P9mArg58X11WvTNnqJBddau0wIIz0njPzh5nDufOqEf0Cw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:29:16.379389Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1501.04070","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d9e2e81c368a075e33a7fd750f3a4edd3b58c419c5adbb7554db480fc8c1dd54","sha256:a1a0eceba21279fca0ec2f80611bfb29533f1720d902f5e8f9192a6c5120451e"],"state_sha256":"1c9e0dd689deb83b9c1a2cf2cac215d41156200ba59ee725f793848ee09d76d6"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ZpzI9LM9L9GLkK3iy6TVYCJCH/XeYPpNVF5z71eonF8F64vqu/sv5+RnSYBjf37xnqKp0TdISWh0XmrW/9fJDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-04T17:31:49.381081Z","bundle_sha256":"c2e63c301cdbd8551a45496355359a834d7da5f36c195d65742fe9bbb64c2949"}}