{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:IEOWEFCVCWJIJIZTGJPQHODK2W","short_pith_number":"pith:IEOWEFCV","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1412.4783","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-12-15T21:00:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"76b6ccfbc156dc54a41b0b4eec05d2ead8612c9324df94348a340e03a5f07a01","abstract_canon_sha256":"5812e8126131f7c47486e4279d93970c302e561a6de210ee12819925bd38300a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"411d621455159284a333325f03b86ad5a766620c31275b9700eb75fcd2f7bf2f","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1412.4783","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1412.4783","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1412.4783v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1412.4783","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IEOWEFCVCWJI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IEOWEFCVCWJIJIZT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IEOWEFCV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:33Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:IEOWEFCVCWJIJIZTGJPQHODK2W","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1412.4783","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-12-15T21:00:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"76b6ccfbc156dc54a41b0b4eec05d2ead8612c9324df94348a340e03a5f07a01","abstract_canon_sha256":"5812e8126131f7c47486e4279d93970c302e561a6de210ee12819925bd38300a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"411d621455159284a333325f03b86ad5a766620c31275b9700eb75fcd2f7bf2f","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:07.902332Z","signature_b64":"+fuMwGqHx1UrshxpZY4/qSla/sVHwjMFtpNLyuDjfYqKw6FjgZnuOI3kekUlMTg1DpW5xwv1Oyku67nxDgdJAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"411d621455159284a333325f03b86ad5a766620c31275b9700eb75fcd2f7bf2f","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:07.901737Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:07.901737Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1412.4783","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"hs0fUH8A1bYaVUOoxVJP0dMoI68Gn2lr9JtJSkefaGTfJa0FemtnK1vajQpSdzRn/uANoUGx5Ty5O+miYMqwAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T01:39:52.806472Z"},"content_sha256":"6420c9ff70cbcf8f7f87a0f0668ed024667171b284acfbcfd56bdfa6f753b009","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6420c9ff70cbcf8f7f87a0f0668ed024667171b284acfbcfd56bdfa6f753b009"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:IEOWEFCVCWJIJIZTGJPQHODK2W","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Compaction and Quenching of High-z Galaxies in Cosmological Simulations: Blue and Red Nuggets","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Adi Zolotov, Avishai Dekel, Colin DeGraf, Daniel Ceverino, Dylan Tweed, Guillermo Barro, Joel Primack, Nir Mandelker, Sandra M. Faber, Shigeki Inoue","submitted_at":"2014-12-15T21:00:10Z","abstract_excerpt":"We use cosmological simulations to study a characteristic evolution pattern of high redshift galaxies. Early, stream-fed, highly perturbed, gas-rich discs undergo phases of dissipative contraction into compact, star-forming systems (blue nuggets) at z~4-2. The peak of gas compaction marks the onset of central gas depletion and inside-out quenching into compact ellipticals (red nuggets) by z~2. These are sometimes surrounded by gas rings or grow extended dry stellar envelopes. The compaction occurs at a roughly constant specific star-formation rate (SFR), and the quenching occurs at a constant "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1412.4783","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ag3DMMtpzZx05cOYSW2Rzx1wcVODemPGwkJBhVrxXFPf+AJ3SEAsXGnfEoCBv7ZCR+Nrr020WPKyRHKrjnvRCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T01:39:52.806902Z"},"content_sha256":"767c1d5154ffbba9a2a2118027a806770538996377889df32eea8421c8ef591b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:767c1d5154ffbba9a2a2118027a806770538996377889df32eea8421c8ef591b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IEOWEFCVCWJIJIZTGJPQHODK2W/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/IEOWEFCVCWJIJIZTGJPQHODK2W/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IEOWEFCVCWJIJIZTGJPQHODK2W/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T01:39:52Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/IEOWEFCVCWJIJIZTGJPQHODK2W","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/IEOWEFCVCWJIJIZTGJPQHODK2W/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/IEOWEFCVCWJIJIZTGJPQHODK2W/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/IEOWEFCVCWJIJIZTGJPQHODK2W/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:IEOWEFCVCWJIJIZTGJPQHODK2W","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5812e8126131f7c47486e4279d93970c302e561a6de210ee12819925bd38300a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-12-15T21:00:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"76b6ccfbc156dc54a41b0b4eec05d2ead8612c9324df94348a340e03a5f07a01"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1412.4783","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1412.4783","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1412.4783v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1412.4783","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IEOWEFCVCWJI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IEOWEFCVCWJIJIZT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IEOWEFCV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:33Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:767c1d5154ffbba9a2a2118027a806770538996377889df32eea8421c8ef591b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We use cosmological simulations to study a characteristic evolution pattern of high redshift galaxies. Early, stream-fed, highly perturbed, gas-rich discs undergo phases of dissipative contraction into compact, star-forming systems (blue nuggets) at z~4-2. The peak of gas compaction marks the onset of central gas depletion and inside-out quenching into compact ellipticals (red nuggets) by z~2. These are sometimes surrounded by gas rings or grow extended dry stellar envelopes. The compaction occurs at a roughly constant specific star-formation rate (SFR), and the quenching occurs at a constant ","authors_text":"Adi Zolotov, Avishai Dekel, Colin DeGraf, Daniel Ceverino, Dylan Tweed, Guillermo Barro, Joel Primack, Nir Mandelker, Sandra M. Faber, Shigeki Inoue","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-12-15T21:00:10Z","title":"Compaction and Quenching of High-z Galaxies in Cosmological Simulations: Blue and Red Nuggets"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1412.4783","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:6420c9ff70cbcf8f7f87a0f0668ed024667171b284acfbcfd56bdfa6f753b009","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5812e8126131f7c47486e4279d93970c302e561a6de210ee12819925bd38300a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2014-12-15T21:00:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"76b6ccfbc156dc54a41b0b4eec05d2ead8612c9324df94348a340e03a5f07a01"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1412.4783","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"411d621455159284a333325f03b86ad5a766620c31275b9700eb75fcd2f7bf2f","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"411d621455159284a333325f03b86ad5a766620c31275b9700eb75fcd2f7bf2f","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:07.901737Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:07.901737Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"+fuMwGqHx1UrshxpZY4/qSla/sVHwjMFtpNLyuDjfYqKw6FjgZnuOI3kekUlMTg1DpW5xwv1Oyku67nxDgdJAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:04:07.902332Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1412.4783","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:6420c9ff70cbcf8f7f87a0f0668ed024667171b284acfbcfd56bdfa6f753b009","sha256:767c1d5154ffbba9a2a2118027a806770538996377889df32eea8421c8ef591b"],"state_sha256":"233d6aba1ae2f16718ee2c36b01465ffffec82ce80992b30a2deb3ed5f793211"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CGlBaZM2soPabDS57pb4x9ehPrxeLF+rHoJD+3x0qiMTZFDUEaQ6q2STEV7fRlyRl5gZQNTvmHBsSEpPf3GDDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T01:39:52.810025Z","bundle_sha256":"6e555ce73dfe11cb6d6de37148132630051ac63d6eb1ddcf1c4acda2ef9272fa"}}