{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2018:IIKJNZYILKXPWMXVMCLFLVBAYA","short_pith_number":"pith:IIKJNZYI","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"421496e7085aaefb32f5609655d420c013bb57154a82909d35af1a32ef9fd462","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1803.02804","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Severely Constraining Dark Matter Interpretations of the 21-cm Anomaly","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.HE","astro-ph.IM"],"primary_cat":"hep-ph","authors_text":"Asher Berlin, Dan Hooper, Gordan Krnjaic, Samuel D. McDermott","submitted_at":"2018-03-07T18:30:39Z","abstract_excerpt":"The EDGES Collaboration has recently reported the detection of a stronger-than-expected absorption feature in the global 21-cm spectrum, centered at a frequency corresponding to a redshift of z ~ 17. This observation has been interpreted as evidence that the gas was cooled during this era as a result of scattering with dark matter. In this study, we explore this possibility, applying constraints from the cosmic microwave background, light element abundances, Supernova 1987A, and a variety of laboratory experiments. After taking these constraints into account, we find that the vast majority of "},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1803.02804","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2018-03-07T18:30:39Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.HE","astro-ph.IM"],"title_canon_sha256":"ba22fcfa764fcbfd6ec970889567886a4cf7d9f914ceff2df6b88ef8f8bcc311","abstract_canon_sha256":"4a092641d55fc15a4359191d2ef415bf7c6877a2b3c90294f658a6c4a411d72c"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:11:05.862305Z","signature_b64":"ehWL5uDFpC7YjuGAadbUa2d8VglfT2DO6Sl06Vj7Ki9PdbElbbXtBVal8xfw/4lFb8HdS+IhuQvhZYnCZpB2Dg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"421496e7085aaefb32f5609655d420c013bb57154a82909d35af1a32ef9fd462","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:11:05.861613Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:11:05.861613Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Severely Constraining Dark Matter Interpretations of the 21-cm Anomaly","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.HE","astro-ph.IM"],"primary_cat":"hep-ph","authors_text":"Asher Berlin, Dan Hooper, Gordan Krnjaic, Samuel D. McDermott","submitted_at":"2018-03-07T18:30:39Z","abstract_excerpt":"The EDGES Collaboration has recently reported the detection of a stronger-than-expected absorption feature in the global 21-cm spectrum, centered at a frequency corresponding to a redshift of z ~ 17. This observation has been interpreted as evidence that the gas was cooled during this era as a result of scattering with dark matter. In this study, we explore this possibility, applying constraints from the cosmic microwave background, light element abundances, Supernova 1987A, and a variety of laboratory experiments. After taking these constraints into account, we find that the vast majority of "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1803.02804","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1803.02804","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:11:05.861719+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1803.02804v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:11:05.861719+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1803.02804","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:11:05.861719+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"IIKJNZYILKXP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31.084164+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"IIKJNZYILKXPWMXV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31.084164+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"IIKJNZYI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:31.084164+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":3,"internal_anchor_count":3,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2510.26260","citing_title":"Letter of Intent: The Forward Physics Facility","ref_index":159,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2512.04153","citing_title":"Data-Driven Predictions for Dark Photon and Millicharged Particle Production","ref_index":33,"is_internal_anchor":true},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2511.02023","citing_title":"Underground Production of Electromagnetic Dark States by MeV-scale Electron Beams and Detection with CCDs","ref_index":36,"is_internal_anchor":true}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/IIKJNZYILKXPWMXVMCLFLVBAYA","json":"https://pith.science/pith/IIKJNZYILKXPWMXVMCLFLVBAYA.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/IIKJNZYILKXPWMXVMCLFLVBAYA/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/IIKJNZYILKXPWMXVMCLFLVBAYA/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/IIKJNZYI"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/IIKJNZYILKXPWMXVMCLFLVBAYA","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/IIKJNZYILKXPWMXVMCLFLVBAYA.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/IIKJNZYI","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1803.02804&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/IIKJNZYILKXPWMXVMCLFLVBAYA/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/IIKJNZYILKXPWMXVMCLFLVBAYA/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/IIKJNZYILKXPWMXVMCLFLVBAYA/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/IIKJNZYILKXPWMXVMCLFLVBAYA/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/IIKJNZYILKXPWMXVMCLFLVBAYA/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/IIKJNZYILKXPWMXVMCLFLVBAYA/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/IIKJNZYILKXPWMXVMCLFLVBAYA/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:11:05.861719+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T00:11:05.861719+00:00"}