{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:KBHZTHKB2NU5Q5HCLXDNYTYZL6","short_pith_number":"pith:KBHZTHKB","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1307.5098","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2013-07-18T23:21:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f14b4efcf622a2ca7545ffb5bea55546fb97a1914a22fdbd3345066a83ace952","abstract_canon_sha256":"7436bb6b6be329237ca077b74657dc95c6379b658aece1e4005afa879e08dcc3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"504f999d41d369d874e25dc6dc4f195f8d086d8f9f6f7923ce8f35b056642e5f","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1307.5098","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1307.5098","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1307.5098v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1307.5098","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KBHZTHKB2NU5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KBHZTHKB2NU5Q5HC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KBHZTHKB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:49Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:KBHZTHKB2NU5Q5HCLXDNYTYZL6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1307.5098","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2013-07-18T23:21:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"f14b4efcf622a2ca7545ffb5bea55546fb97a1914a22fdbd3345066a83ace952","abstract_canon_sha256":"7436bb6b6be329237ca077b74657dc95c6379b658aece1e4005afa879e08dcc3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"504f999d41d369d874e25dc6dc4f195f8d086d8f9f6f7923ce8f35b056642e5f","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:42.711909Z","signature_b64":"hNR9n1BImPbmYYHJeE5E6G+AeFFwHisllxZE3+26hjI9qKTNO1NtlfHdGokuFl7FadxAwFiM3qOhb1sAbfyOAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"504f999d41d369d874e25dc6dc4f195f8d086d8f9f6f7923ce8f35b056642e5f","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:42.711277Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:42.711277Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1307.5098","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ca/zGDVBaE/ymMczh2kUwzfzkLU0VsEeFL6Za9pyP3JKIkVTk1sYYZWsO4pQzaQYzp2Sj+OIA6bv865SWsApBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-24T10:25:50.049198Z"},"content_sha256":"b571a878150e4bc29a1f7662ef0c83754e8d9922e204513f6b685887507726e0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b571a878150e4bc29a1f7662ef0c83754e8d9922e204513f6b685887507726e0"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:KBHZTHKB2NU5Q5HCLXDNYTYZL6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"An electromagnetic analog of gravitational wave memory","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"David Garfinkle, Lydia Bieri","submitted_at":"2013-07-18T23:21:22Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present an electromagnetic analog of gravitational wave memory. That is, we consider what change has occurred to a detector of electromagnetic radiation after the wave has passed. Rather than a distortion in the detector, as occurs in the gravitational wave case, we find a residual velocity (a \"kick\") to the charges in the detector. In analogy with the two types of gravitational wave memory (\"ordinary\" and \"nonlinear\") we find two types of electromagnetic kick."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1307.5098","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"bAmYJyRbsvFKFVflj+VPP8gi7um0aGivCyfVvB9C4giG7lv4d8Ih2SmprPCasmDdH+huRld2bLKb/vvK7vkYBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-24T10:25:50.049808Z"},"content_sha256":"bd7a6b5a785dcdf04056d9db349247bd4906533324eb5326b09651bd59b6a1ab","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:bd7a6b5a785dcdf04056d9db349247bd4906533324eb5326b09651bd59b6a1ab"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KBHZTHKB2NU5Q5HCLXDNYTYZL6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KBHZTHKB2NU5Q5HCLXDNYTYZL6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KBHZTHKB2NU5Q5HCLXDNYTYZL6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-24T10:25:50Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/KBHZTHKB2NU5Q5HCLXDNYTYZL6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/KBHZTHKB2NU5Q5HCLXDNYTYZL6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/KBHZTHKB2NU5Q5HCLXDNYTYZL6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KBHZTHKB2NU5Q5HCLXDNYTYZL6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:KBHZTHKB2NU5Q5HCLXDNYTYZL6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7436bb6b6be329237ca077b74657dc95c6379b658aece1e4005afa879e08dcc3","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2013-07-18T23:21:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"f14b4efcf622a2ca7545ffb5bea55546fb97a1914a22fdbd3345066a83ace952"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1307.5098","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1307.5098","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1307.5098v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1307.5098","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KBHZTHKB2NU5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KBHZTHKB2NU5Q5HC","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KBHZTHKB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:49Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:bd7a6b5a785dcdf04056d9db349247bd4906533324eb5326b09651bd59b6a1ab","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present an electromagnetic analog of gravitational wave memory. That is, we consider what change has occurred to a detector of electromagnetic radiation after the wave has passed. Rather than a distortion in the detector, as occurs in the gravitational wave case, we find a residual velocity (a \"kick\") to the charges in the detector. In analogy with the two types of gravitational wave memory (\"ordinary\" and \"nonlinear\") we find two types of electromagnetic kick.","authors_text":"David Garfinkle, Lydia Bieri","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2013-07-18T23:21:22Z","title":"An electromagnetic analog of gravitational wave memory"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1307.5098","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b571a878150e4bc29a1f7662ef0c83754e8d9922e204513f6b685887507726e0","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7436bb6b6be329237ca077b74657dc95c6379b658aece1e4005afa879e08dcc3","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2013-07-18T23:21:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"f14b4efcf622a2ca7545ffb5bea55546fb97a1914a22fdbd3345066a83ace952"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1307.5098","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"504f999d41d369d874e25dc6dc4f195f8d086d8f9f6f7923ce8f35b056642e5f","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"504f999d41d369d874e25dc6dc4f195f8d086d8f9f6f7923ce8f35b056642e5f","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:42.711277Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:42.711277Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"hNR9n1BImPbmYYHJeE5E6G+AeFFwHisllxZE3+26hjI9qKTNO1NtlfHdGokuFl7FadxAwFiM3qOhb1sAbfyOAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:48:42.711909Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1307.5098","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b571a878150e4bc29a1f7662ef0c83754e8d9922e204513f6b685887507726e0","sha256:bd7a6b5a785dcdf04056d9db349247bd4906533324eb5326b09651bd59b6a1ab"],"state_sha256":"97407188a4399615e14489857e4d10c4507269351a0964ae1740dc3b1b950e5f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"M47mKAOgx5vbyP7mRL4Magd3Lyll4fliEMJii95TMcwZNwyGtsHf4rXzWsHp66xFMHsXqpNNbIhAq2u06njkBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-24T10:25:50.052864Z","bundle_sha256":"7984fc3299cdb18211330ecc39594205b7831363a37342e39c99f99ce3cd7c77"}}