{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:KU3TGMRQ22MULCRNQ7BKN7QN6M","short_pith_number":"pith:KU3TGMRQ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2606.18393","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SY","submitted_at":"2026-06-16T18:36:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.SY"],"title_canon_sha256":"5ee422cc682da5336628acd90e754368eb9c788e16d271bb756d983df5baeef0","abstract_canon_sha256":"b1e8efcf461861c948bbc9875a59bc0be08a167505e2686dba4d40a853390ff6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5537333230d699458a2d87c2a6fe0df313a6f1ed9ac3b88701097017facd4c13","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2606.18393","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2606.18393","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2606.18393v1","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2606.18393","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KU3TGMRQ22MU","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KU3TGMRQ22MULCRN","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KU3TGMRQ","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:KU3TGMRQ22MULCRNQ7BKN7QN6M","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2606.18393","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SY","submitted_at":"2026-06-16T18:36:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.SY"],"title_canon_sha256":"5ee422cc682da5336628acd90e754368eb9c788e16d271bb756d983df5baeef0","abstract_canon_sha256":"b1e8efcf461861c948bbc9875a59bc0be08a167505e2686dba4d40a853390ff6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5537333230d699458a2d87c2a6fe0df313a6f1ed9ac3b88701097017facd4c13","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00.158719Z","signature_b64":"G6KSQWHfBj0nBtfEZR2NHHQIridKa1y5Kbjt5AT3BWTJDa1bbZC+ovvhomMMs4YtAXXkQ1AyQ5NUSTezlkInCw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5537333230d699458a2d87c2a6fe0df313a6f1ed9ac3b88701097017facd4c13","last_reissued_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00.158381Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00.158381Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2606.18393","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/gOU7p9qo3mtl1j8aUABKtGJNN8Hya8aZ3CuXM9SZjFwUorbj9B92mS04VM9PJMDDePm1Ppz0fBBV4/Ao+sNCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-01T07:58:25.210712Z"},"content_sha256":"c960251cdb2717d59e16d94370d62142b6fa2d9cfd6f8f1427539a4b5c24aaed","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c960251cdb2717d59e16d94370d62142b6fa2d9cfd6f8f1427539a4b5c24aaed"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:KU3TGMRQ22MULCRNQ7BKN7QN6M","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Learning-Based Decision Making for Combustion Phasing Control in Multi-Fuel CI Engines with Latent Fuel Reactivity Estimation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.SY"],"primary_cat":"eess.SY","authors_text":"Aditya Satish Patil, Arunava Banerjee, Chol-Bum Mike Keown, Ihsan Berk Altiner, Kenneth Kim, Rajasree Sarkar, Zongxuan Sun","submitted_at":"2026-06-16T18:36:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"Multi-fuel compression-ignition engines offer fuel flexibility but introduce uncertain, time-varying fuel reactivity, represented by cetane number (CN), which complicates cycle-to-cycle combustion-phasing control. This work formulates CA50 regulation under latent CN variation as a partially observable sequential decision problem and systematically evaluates controllers with increasing temporal and representational capacity, including LinUCB, history-augmented contextual bandits, observation-only DDPG, recurrent DDPG, and a proposed GRU-guided RL framework. A Gaussian-process surrogate trained "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2606.18393","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2606.18393/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"d9piNoTm0ewpMOH7rgF1tZ0hCrm0rWI3hw/tms29RPq7EE98vFainw5qBeJjpE1aYBJ77lY88f/8umFY8h7aDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-01T07:58:25.211101Z"},"content_sha256":"7999cf4248ee0ea4344a814d8ae5e66ce559de7b6c23a5e690192ff4667beb3e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7999cf4248ee0ea4344a814d8ae5e66ce559de7b6c23a5e690192ff4667beb3e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KU3TGMRQ22MULCRNQ7BKN7QN6M/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/KU3TGMRQ22MULCRNQ7BKN7QN6M/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KU3TGMRQ22MULCRNQ7BKN7QN6M/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-01T07:58:25Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/KU3TGMRQ22MULCRNQ7BKN7QN6M","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/KU3TGMRQ22MULCRNQ7BKN7QN6M/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/KU3TGMRQ22MULCRNQ7BKN7QN6M/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/KU3TGMRQ22MULCRNQ7BKN7QN6M/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:KU3TGMRQ22MULCRNQ7BKN7QN6M","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b1e8efcf461861c948bbc9875a59bc0be08a167505e2686dba4d40a853390ff6","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.SY"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SY","submitted_at":"2026-06-16T18:36:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"5ee422cc682da5336628acd90e754368eb9c788e16d271bb756d983df5baeef0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2606.18393","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2606.18393","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2606.18393v1","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2606.18393","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KU3TGMRQ22MU","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KU3TGMRQ22MULCRN","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KU3TGMRQ","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7999cf4248ee0ea4344a814d8ae5e66ce559de7b6c23a5e690192ff4667beb3e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2606.18393/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Multi-fuel compression-ignition engines offer fuel flexibility but introduce uncertain, time-varying fuel reactivity, represented by cetane number (CN), which complicates cycle-to-cycle combustion-phasing control. This work formulates CA50 regulation under latent CN variation as a partially observable sequential decision problem and systematically evaluates controllers with increasing temporal and representational capacity, including LinUCB, history-augmented contextual bandits, observation-only DDPG, recurrent DDPG, and a proposed GRU-guided RL framework. A Gaussian-process surrogate trained ","authors_text":"Aditya Satish Patil, Arunava Banerjee, Chol-Bum Mike Keown, Ihsan Berk Altiner, Kenneth Kim, Rajasree Sarkar, Zongxuan Sun","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.SY"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SY","submitted_at":"2026-06-16T18:36:56Z","title":"Learning-Based Decision Making for Combustion Phasing Control in Multi-Fuel CI Engines with Latent Fuel Reactivity Estimation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2606.18393","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c960251cdb2717d59e16d94370d62142b6fa2d9cfd6f8f1427539a4b5c24aaed","target":"record","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b1e8efcf461861c948bbc9875a59bc0be08a167505e2686dba4d40a853390ff6","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.SY"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SY","submitted_at":"2026-06-16T18:36:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"5ee422cc682da5336628acd90e754368eb9c788e16d271bb756d983df5baeef0"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2606.18393","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"5537333230d699458a2d87c2a6fe0df313a6f1ed9ac3b88701097017facd4c13","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5537333230d699458a2d87c2a6fe0df313a6f1ed9ac3b88701097017facd4c13","first_computed_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00.158381Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00.158381Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"G6KSQWHfBj0nBtfEZR2NHHQIridKa1y5Kbjt5AT3BWTJDa1bbZC+ovvhomMMs4YtAXXkQ1AyQ5NUSTezlkInCw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-06-19T16:11:00.158719Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2606.18393","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c960251cdb2717d59e16d94370d62142b6fa2d9cfd6f8f1427539a4b5c24aaed","sha256:7999cf4248ee0ea4344a814d8ae5e66ce559de7b6c23a5e690192ff4667beb3e"],"state_sha256":"4fe4b2e90f591f132cb72da99437e4a2f849ccdfcd01f7c40b146464a21c45c3"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"c6GMC1l4dO0lVbwC05MpmptRK9h1c4RZWBK1MdLzAgioJcxHNxnh0s3nN+bMINdB8BdvmV9dawuoL8i6oTZSBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-01T07:58:25.215733Z","bundle_sha256":"87d19488a4da4d0a794f00e3ff026df3463d8be3c4ba84db14aa2527363da269"}}