{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2014:KZQOCSP3PMHM6TQUUGOGAA5JFW","short_pith_number":"pith:KZQOCSP3","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"5660e149fb7b0ecf4e14a19c6003a92d8cc5fed525a0fe0a6d3c6ce8251ebf0a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1403.1211","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Foldscope: Origami-based paper microscope","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.ed-ph","physics.pop-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.optics","authors_text":"James Clements, James Cybulski, Manu Prakash","submitted_at":"2014-03-05T18:25:53Z","abstract_excerpt":"Here we describe an ultra-low-cost origami-based approach for large-scale manufacturing of microscopes, specifically demonstrating brightfield, darkfield, and fluorescence microscopes. Merging principles of optical design with origami enables high-volume fabrication of microscopes from 2D media. Flexure mechanisms created via folding enable a flat compact design. Structural loops in folded paper provide kinematic constraints as a means for passive self-alignment. This light, rugged instrument can survive harsh field conditions while providing a diversity of imaging capabilities, thus serving w"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1403.1211","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2014-03-05T18:25:53Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.ed-ph","physics.pop-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"a6b58e5ac545cafa8c19c81dc2d7a1298ac2f2adf89b6e38cdd43636ac3128f2","abstract_canon_sha256":"c62d17dfad1bcbdfbc790b3f4b1e7af369d61e8c3b5a6454cb4e37797d7dee04"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19.448524Z","signature_b64":"3o5CLntm+kh+ZpSI9KQmjg6BSHMPDIbtRbakqQ0FQotoonm2vjMmlmZijs5PPHsq5kfFbze95utFu8vAZy7PBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5660e149fb7b0ecf4e14a19c6003a92d8cc5fed525a0fe0a6d3c6ce8251ebf0a","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19.447783Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19.447783Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Foldscope: Origami-based paper microscope","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.ed-ph","physics.pop-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.optics","authors_text":"James Clements, James Cybulski, Manu Prakash","submitted_at":"2014-03-05T18:25:53Z","abstract_excerpt":"Here we describe an ultra-low-cost origami-based approach for large-scale manufacturing of microscopes, specifically demonstrating brightfield, darkfield, and fluorescence microscopes. Merging principles of optical design with origami enables high-volume fabrication of microscopes from 2D media. Flexure mechanisms created via folding enable a flat compact design. Structural loops in folded paper provide kinematic constraints as a means for passive self-alignment. This light, rugged instrument can survive harsh field conditions while providing a diversity of imaging capabilities, thus serving w"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1403.1211","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1403.1211","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19.447894+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1403.1211v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19.447894+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1403.1211","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19.447894+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"KZQOCSP3PMHM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:35.611951+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"KZQOCSP3PMHM6TQU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:35.611951+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"KZQOCSP3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:35.611951+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/KZQOCSP3PMHM6TQUUGOGAA5JFW","json":"https://pith.science/pith/KZQOCSP3PMHM6TQUUGOGAA5JFW.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/KZQOCSP3PMHM6TQUUGOGAA5JFW/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/KZQOCSP3PMHM6TQUUGOGAA5JFW/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/KZQOCSP3"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/KZQOCSP3PMHM6TQUUGOGAA5JFW","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/KZQOCSP3PMHM6TQUUGOGAA5JFW.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/KZQOCSP3","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1403.1211&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/KZQOCSP3PMHM6TQUUGOGAA5JFW/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/KZQOCSP3PMHM6TQUUGOGAA5JFW/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/KZQOCSP3PMHM6TQUUGOGAA5JFW/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/KZQOCSP3PMHM6TQUUGOGAA5JFW/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/KZQOCSP3PMHM6TQUUGOGAA5JFW/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/KZQOCSP3PMHM6TQUUGOGAA5JFW/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/KZQOCSP3PMHM6TQUUGOGAA5JFW/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19.447894+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:19.447894+00:00"}