{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:LXLOT6OA2ESL2LEKMAPP2AGKY4","short_pith_number":"pith:LXLOT6OA","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2408.07168","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2024-08-13T19:15:09Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.space-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"d63431a8ca8d65920be83b09e0cd4f23a5a5f0af362c83c82ac7c3de7c74c4a3","abstract_canon_sha256":"9ff6c4d6726c3b541e3bc963e61615cc5c32954f2cc83f3a9c04df9c74241f39"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5dd6e9f9c0d124bd2c8a601efd00cac7278d31cbe92ed205d0337d08a3d62ba1","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2408.07168","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2408.07168","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2408.07168v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2408.07168","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LXLOT6OA2ESL","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LXLOT6OA2ESL2LEK","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LXLOT6OA","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:LXLOT6OA2ESL2LEKMAPP2AGKY4","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2408.07168","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2024-08-13T19:15:09Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.space-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"d63431a8ca8d65920be83b09e0cd4f23a5a5f0af362c83c82ac7c3de7c74c4a3","abstract_canon_sha256":"9ff6c4d6726c3b541e3bc963e61615cc5c32954f2cc83f3a9c04df9c74241f39"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"5dd6e9f9c0d124bd2c8a601efd00cac7278d31cbe92ed205d0337d08a3d62ba1","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42.701977Z","signature_b64":"TTpTJvQ4J6OIGaGxJOVuhNVR6LABr95yS6IBt8CcwA1VW7tKRAWERzPIqtUrWM4cG6t61OXzz73Pp7eDS/dLDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"5dd6e9f9c0d124bd2c8a601efd00cac7278d31cbe92ed205d0337d08a3d62ba1","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42.701585Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42.701585Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2408.07168","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/Qnp5lRuyZulzVj3G0FYwhTiGu8wWLpDeSlsIwCrMllQFxZv9yCdEMw/AOcxYqpmItO73iahXMwtWetm1GvEAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T00:10:21.646179Z"},"content_sha256":"a543ad9bbd52c0a9143875fa189498e94de73c8c173bd70da9dc105d02c795a9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a543ad9bbd52c0a9143875fa189498e94de73c8c173bd70da9dc105d02c795a9"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:LXLOT6OA2ESL2LEKMAPP2AGKY4","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Characterizing Solar Spicules and their Role in Solar Wind Production using Machine Learning and the Hough Transform","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.space-ph"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"E. Tavabi, R. Sadeghi","submitted_at":"2024-08-13T19:15:09Z","abstract_excerpt":"Solar winds originate from the Sun and can be classified as fast or slow. Fast solar winds come from coronal holes at the solar poles, while slow solar winds may originate from the equatorial region or streamers. Spicules are jet-like structures observed in the Sun's chromosphere and transition region. Some spicules exhibit rotating motion, potentially indicating vorticity and Alfven waves. Machine learning and the Hough algorithm were used to analyze over 3000 frames of the Sun, identifying spicules and their characteristics. The study found that rotating spicules, accounting for 21 percent a"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2408.07168","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2408.07168/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Prp89geNWtD1eiTzjR/7HZMAYID10ezy04G+tJNnbW28Ho62VK8xwcM4oi+e/VY1ZXIzvZs5fUn+Z4w185FXBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T00:10:21.646778Z"},"content_sha256":"83edeac668eaf44f1cddc5a1d77560190688cbdec7783931a418465a925a2ba4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:83edeac668eaf44f1cddc5a1d77560190688cbdec7783931a418465a925a2ba4"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LXLOT6OA2ESL2LEKMAPP2AGKY4/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/LXLOT6OA2ESL2LEKMAPP2AGKY4/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LXLOT6OA2ESL2LEKMAPP2AGKY4/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-07T00:10:21Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/LXLOT6OA2ESL2LEKMAPP2AGKY4","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/LXLOT6OA2ESL2LEKMAPP2AGKY4/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/LXLOT6OA2ESL2LEKMAPP2AGKY4/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/LXLOT6OA2ESL2LEKMAPP2AGKY4/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:LXLOT6OA2ESL2LEKMAPP2AGKY4","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9ff6c4d6726c3b541e3bc963e61615cc5c32954f2cc83f3a9c04df9c74241f39","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.space-ph"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2024-08-13T19:15:09Z","title_canon_sha256":"d63431a8ca8d65920be83b09e0cd4f23a5a5f0af362c83c82ac7c3de7c74c4a3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2408.07168","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2408.07168","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2408.07168v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2408.07168","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"LXLOT6OA2ESL","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"LXLOT6OA2ESL2LEK","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"LXLOT6OA","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:83edeac668eaf44f1cddc5a1d77560190688cbdec7783931a418465a925a2ba4","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2408.07168/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Solar winds originate from the Sun and can be classified as fast or slow. Fast solar winds come from coronal holes at the solar poles, while slow solar winds may originate from the equatorial region or streamers. Spicules are jet-like structures observed in the Sun's chromosphere and transition region. Some spicules exhibit rotating motion, potentially indicating vorticity and Alfven waves. Machine learning and the Hough algorithm were used to analyze over 3000 frames of the Sun, identifying spicules and their characteristics. The study found that rotating spicules, accounting for 21 percent a","authors_text":"E. Tavabi, R. Sadeghi","cross_cats":["physics.space-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2024-08-13T19:15:09Z","title":"Characterizing Solar Spicules and their Role in Solar Wind Production using Machine Learning and the Hough Transform"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2408.07168","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a543ad9bbd52c0a9143875fa189498e94de73c8c173bd70da9dc105d02c795a9","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9ff6c4d6726c3b541e3bc963e61615cc5c32954f2cc83f3a9c04df9c74241f39","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.space-ph"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2024-08-13T19:15:09Z","title_canon_sha256":"d63431a8ca8d65920be83b09e0cd4f23a5a5f0af362c83c82ac7c3de7c74c4a3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2408.07168","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"5dd6e9f9c0d124bd2c8a601efd00cac7278d31cbe92ed205d0337d08a3d62ba1","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"5dd6e9f9c0d124bd2c8a601efd00cac7278d31cbe92ed205d0337d08a3d62ba1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42.701585Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42.701585Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"TTpTJvQ4J6OIGaGxJOVuhNVR6LABr95yS6IBt8CcwA1VW7tKRAWERzPIqtUrWM4cG6t61OXzz73Pp7eDS/dLDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:53:42.701977Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2408.07168","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a543ad9bbd52c0a9143875fa189498e94de73c8c173bd70da9dc105d02c795a9","sha256:83edeac668eaf44f1cddc5a1d77560190688cbdec7783931a418465a925a2ba4"],"state_sha256":"8c474f02a49e62303b555796727c06ea425ac5b88a00dda6c99cf34ba2f5526a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"SQvLvzz/m1lU9o4emDKSxGY/E/BBModwpZKbzOr29rrZW2n1FOL+DrjFBhhK/LpCqwRtEjvlnqhOrA+6pHUfDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T00:10:21.649427Z","bundle_sha256":"87cf8325b2d7b787412cdc8f2966765828be25c1144940077ad94e25b8000758"}}