{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:MYQXNQOV5H5G3CMHSXR4RURSSR","short_pith_number":"pith:MYQXNQOV","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2508.16148","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2025-08-22T07:17:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL","cs.MM"],"title_canon_sha256":"079f2ec3ff693fe834b3d2f7d807906271b9574576f613d8af5fce6469d54535","abstract_canon_sha256":"3a2c43bf48660d7fa9305b4e2884dcb550ff521db9aae31362604ced1e2eba5d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"662176c1d5e9fa6d898795e3c8d23294607ae9eebb9b50ece4df9bb905025b88","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2508.16148","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2508.16148","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2508.16148v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2508.16148","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MYQXNQOV5H5G","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MYQXNQOV5H5G3CMH","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MYQXNQOV","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:MYQXNQOV5H5G3CMHSXR4RURSSR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2508.16148","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2025-08-22T07:17:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL","cs.MM"],"title_canon_sha256":"079f2ec3ff693fe834b3d2f7d807906271b9574576f613d8af5fce6469d54535","abstract_canon_sha256":"3a2c43bf48660d7fa9305b4e2884dcb550ff521db9aae31362604ced1e2eba5d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"662176c1d5e9fa6d898795e3c8d23294607ae9eebb9b50ece4df9bb905025b88","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42.915709Z","signature_b64":"wDWphkQ9FxnxiUinFLPCsQ+NgSapej1lHrGNvQBoUW8c5JrIXsJQT4nviW67MHBANQ5KHT+HQUY9iINc7ZgLDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"662176c1d5e9fa6d898795e3c8d23294607ae9eebb9b50ece4df9bb905025b88","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42.915196Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42.915196Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2508.16148","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QCVxYqLLFalYAg9uqD+WSAvembH2AjXY2Aq2N3Pbk6Waj4fCgTji3BPA0ASm8PyyZw3Q5w2pq83723snhIRfDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T07:12:42.038480Z"},"content_sha256":"0e5859e3b9c85c0f5c2ff697700f92fa4cb6bd71cb607dbe7762734aed8a7099","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0e5859e3b9c85c0f5c2ff697700f92fa4cb6bd71cb607dbe7762734aed8a7099"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:MYQXNQOV5H5G3CMHSXR4RURSSR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Hierarchical Vision-Language Reasoning for Multimodal Multiple-Choice Question Answering","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CL","cs.MM"],"primary_cat":"cs.IR","authors_text":"Ao Zhou, Jiawen Chen, Mingsheng Tu, Qing Gu, Tenghao Sun, Yafeng Yin, Zebo Gu, Zhiwei Jiang, Zifeng Cheng","submitted_at":"2025-08-22T07:17:16Z","abstract_excerpt":"Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable multimodal understanding capabilities in Visual Question Answering (VQA) tasks by integrating visual and textual features. However, under the challenging ten-choice question evaluation paradigm, existing methods still exhibit significant limitations when processing PDF documents with complex layouts and lengthy content. Notably, current mainstream models suffer from a strong bias toward English training data, resulting in suboptimal performance for Japanese and other language scenarios. To address these challenges, this pape"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2508.16148","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2508.16148/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qMBJ0X8uj4V+w6CC1BPLIDqiPXF9BhFGWbIuQFKh93dsHKs3m0e0ZIuhDu/7OjkNxFZ0bMynm7lHDbBmvVLaAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T07:12:42.039080Z"},"content_sha256":"93207a391dbdffe8ddcc8e1b423cfab5cb98167e5b8e04c159dc58c0ccbf7049","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:93207a391dbdffe8ddcc8e1b423cfab5cb98167e5b8e04c159dc58c0ccbf7049"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MYQXNQOV5H5G3CMHSXR4RURSSR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/MYQXNQOV5H5G3CMHSXR4RURSSR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MYQXNQOV5H5G3CMHSXR4RURSSR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-22T07:12:42Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/MYQXNQOV5H5G3CMHSXR4RURSSR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/MYQXNQOV5H5G3CMHSXR4RURSSR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/MYQXNQOV5H5G3CMHSXR4RURSSR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/MYQXNQOV5H5G3CMHSXR4RURSSR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:MYQXNQOV5H5G3CMHSXR4RURSSR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3a2c43bf48660d7fa9305b4e2884dcb550ff521db9aae31362604ced1e2eba5d","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL","cs.MM"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2025-08-22T07:17:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"079f2ec3ff693fe834b3d2f7d807906271b9574576f613d8af5fce6469d54535"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2508.16148","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2508.16148","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2508.16148v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2508.16148","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"MYQXNQOV5H5G","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"MYQXNQOV5H5G3CMH","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"MYQXNQOV","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:93207a391dbdffe8ddcc8e1b423cfab5cb98167e5b8e04c159dc58c0ccbf7049","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2508.16148/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable multimodal understanding capabilities in Visual Question Answering (VQA) tasks by integrating visual and textual features. However, under the challenging ten-choice question evaluation paradigm, existing methods still exhibit significant limitations when processing PDF documents with complex layouts and lengthy content. Notably, current mainstream models suffer from a strong bias toward English training data, resulting in suboptimal performance for Japanese and other language scenarios. To address these challenges, this pape","authors_text":"Ao Zhou, Jiawen Chen, Mingsheng Tu, Qing Gu, Tenghao Sun, Yafeng Yin, Zebo Gu, Zhiwei Jiang, Zifeng Cheng","cross_cats":["cs.CL","cs.MM"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2025-08-22T07:17:16Z","title":"Hierarchical Vision-Language Reasoning for Multimodal Multiple-Choice Question Answering"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2508.16148","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0e5859e3b9c85c0f5c2ff697700f92fa4cb6bd71cb607dbe7762734aed8a7099","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3a2c43bf48660d7fa9305b4e2884dcb550ff521db9aae31362604ced1e2eba5d","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL","cs.MM"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.IR","submitted_at":"2025-08-22T07:17:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"079f2ec3ff693fe834b3d2f7d807906271b9574576f613d8af5fce6469d54535"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2508.16148","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"662176c1d5e9fa6d898795e3c8d23294607ae9eebb9b50ece4df9bb905025b88","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"662176c1d5e9fa6d898795e3c8d23294607ae9eebb9b50ece4df9bb905025b88","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42.915196Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42.915196Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"wDWphkQ9FxnxiUinFLPCsQ+NgSapej1lHrGNvQBoUW8c5JrIXsJQT4nviW67MHBANQ5KHT+HQUY9iINc7ZgLDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:57:42.915709Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2508.16148","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0e5859e3b9c85c0f5c2ff697700f92fa4cb6bd71cb607dbe7762734aed8a7099","sha256:93207a391dbdffe8ddcc8e1b423cfab5cb98167e5b8e04c159dc58c0ccbf7049"],"state_sha256":"9d9be8b2c30a338b0f1824bb2626e9bb05a82a2c755d2ccc09c30efc8782f620"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"VKqrsB3oeovmTKRuwC1e+IfMu7Jp1f5w4GCGxV6hb8sKaaHNuEvv1yY6faysnEGEic+zl/OhVPbdyidAo9uNAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T07:12:42.042826Z","bundle_sha256":"b882cd7551def845e2f7c33fd23910b1b316054bce8f7c7f3727ed8ec325be5c"}}