{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:NCGKR3YONO5HLUEI2J3QA5CLJY","short_pith_number":"pith:NCGKR3YO","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1510.01445","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2015-10-06T06:19:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.acc-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"d2da3ab0489f4a9c3a95ef4d668051786922cde999c0c33ba6ee550628732c3d","abstract_canon_sha256":"01e75c1e029397350ab346b1c3702c84ca6d41bd12b8e2a80cbad4a2c3ed4a5a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"688ca8ef0e6bba75d088d27700744b4e3365cb593d90524fa728ea4db74976b9","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1510.01445","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1510.01445","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1510.01445v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1510.01445","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NCGKR3YONO5H","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NCGKR3YONO5HLUEI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NCGKR3YO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:32Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:NCGKR3YONO5HLUEI2J3QA5CLJY","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1510.01445","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2015-10-06T06:19:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.acc-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"d2da3ab0489f4a9c3a95ef4d668051786922cde999c0c33ba6ee550628732c3d","abstract_canon_sha256":"01e75c1e029397350ab346b1c3702c84ca6d41bd12b8e2a80cbad4a2c3ed4a5a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"688ca8ef0e6bba75d088d27700744b4e3365cb593d90524fa728ea4db74976b9","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:52.300684Z","signature_b64":"WN1HkV/qtYkDkbcFzeGGRedPMABw0RCdzMe6/+vWFDh0juakDFbMJxKKsA7CbT8M6LCVUrkDMLOVnnFiu+4/Dg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"688ca8ef0e6bba75d088d27700744b4e3365cb593d90524fa728ea4db74976b9","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:52.300096Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:52.300096Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1510.01445","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"lWA68FBfkvyYd5SeVm8QhBWAdcZQ5stfr5vbuaQVmy3cfpVeA6KpgP5QmfkrVkhepWYZlQ9SMzbhJju8d8kdBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-29T12:37:23.648641Z"},"content_sha256":"aab2dabe0a8de22252167a24850c8663e8ebf2f93357e8febc5b6a63b2a92049","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:aab2dabe0a8de22252167a24850c8663e8ebf2f93357e8febc5b6a63b2a92049"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:NCGKR3YONO5HLUEI2J3QA5CLJY","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Nano-scale electron bunching in laser-triggered ionization injection in plasma accelerators","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.acc-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","authors_text":"2), (2) University of California, Beijing 100084, California 90095, China, C.-H. Pai (1), C. Joshi (2) ((1) Department of Engineering Physics, C. J. Zhang (1), F. Li (1), J. F. Hua (1), Los Angeles, P. Yu (2), Tsinghua Univeristy, USA), W. An (2), W. B. Mori (2), W. Lu (1), X. L. Xu (1, Y. P. Wu (1), Y. Wan (1)","submitted_at":"2015-10-06T06:19:26Z","abstract_excerpt":"Ionization injection is attractive as a controllable injection scheme for generating high quality electron beams using plasma-based wakefield acceleration. Due to the phase dependent tunneling ionization rate and the trapping dynamics within a nonlinear wake, the discrete injection of electrons within the wake is nonlinearly mapped to discrete final phase space structure of the beam at the location where the electrons are trapped. This phenomenon is theoretically analyzed and examined by three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations which show that three dimensional effects limit the wave num"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1510.01445","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"yHKGHPLKHHwU/mMYNI+5198QyP7foiN6c9Nt+m00YS9zqw6aHUGu8Qj/OnF609L93s5ly+yYWekHkOQGxbL5AA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-29T12:37:23.648987Z"},"content_sha256":"bc3c9a78cf89be36dcb88b77e854b6025d29e16479e52d0c1c018dcbce2bd555","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:bc3c9a78cf89be36dcb88b77e854b6025d29e16479e52d0c1c018dcbce2bd555"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NCGKR3YONO5HLUEI2J3QA5CLJY/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NCGKR3YONO5HLUEI2J3QA5CLJY/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NCGKR3YONO5HLUEI2J3QA5CLJY/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-29T12:37:23Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NCGKR3YONO5HLUEI2J3QA5CLJY","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NCGKR3YONO5HLUEI2J3QA5CLJY/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NCGKR3YONO5HLUEI2J3QA5CLJY/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NCGKR3YONO5HLUEI2J3QA5CLJY/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:NCGKR3YONO5HLUEI2J3QA5CLJY","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"01e75c1e029397350ab346b1c3702c84ca6d41bd12b8e2a80cbad4a2c3ed4a5a","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.acc-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2015-10-06T06:19:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"d2da3ab0489f4a9c3a95ef4d668051786922cde999c0c33ba6ee550628732c3d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1510.01445","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1510.01445","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1510.01445v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1510.01445","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NCGKR3YONO5H","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NCGKR3YONO5HLUEI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NCGKR3YO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:32Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:bc3c9a78cf89be36dcb88b77e854b6025d29e16479e52d0c1c018dcbce2bd555","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Ionization injection is attractive as a controllable injection scheme for generating high quality electron beams using plasma-based wakefield acceleration. Due to the phase dependent tunneling ionization rate and the trapping dynamics within a nonlinear wake, the discrete injection of electrons within the wake is nonlinearly mapped to discrete final phase space structure of the beam at the location where the electrons are trapped. This phenomenon is theoretically analyzed and examined by three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations which show that three dimensional effects limit the wave num","authors_text":"2), (2) University of California, Beijing 100084, California 90095, China, C.-H. Pai (1), C. Joshi (2) ((1) Department of Engineering Physics, C. J. Zhang (1), F. Li (1), J. F. Hua (1), Los Angeles, P. Yu (2), Tsinghua Univeristy, USA), W. An (2), W. B. Mori (2), W. Lu (1), X. L. Xu (1, Y. P. Wu (1), Y. Wan (1)","cross_cats":["physics.acc-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2015-10-06T06:19:26Z","title":"Nano-scale electron bunching in laser-triggered ionization injection in plasma accelerators"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1510.01445","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:aab2dabe0a8de22252167a24850c8663e8ebf2f93357e8febc5b6a63b2a92049","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"01e75c1e029397350ab346b1c3702c84ca6d41bd12b8e2a80cbad4a2c3ed4a5a","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.acc-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2015-10-06T06:19:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"d2da3ab0489f4a9c3a95ef4d668051786922cde999c0c33ba6ee550628732c3d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1510.01445","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"688ca8ef0e6bba75d088d27700744b4e3365cb593d90524fa728ea4db74976b9","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"688ca8ef0e6bba75d088d27700744b4e3365cb593d90524fa728ea4db74976b9","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:52.300096Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:52.300096Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"WN1HkV/qtYkDkbcFzeGGRedPMABw0RCdzMe6/+vWFDh0juakDFbMJxKKsA7CbT8M6LCVUrkDMLOVnnFiu+4/Dg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:10:52.300684Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1510.01445","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:aab2dabe0a8de22252167a24850c8663e8ebf2f93357e8febc5b6a63b2a92049","sha256:bc3c9a78cf89be36dcb88b77e854b6025d29e16479e52d0c1c018dcbce2bd555"],"state_sha256":"372b96dbc201432771dc15d09c49dc83473c687427389f61181a726b5ee58467"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"dh+7bida2RLhZOPdUn93k4nJRMuWdTfim5DJMCtEZzNphjDdCmZvjRczXjWoC76V8YEhYKdh2GOL9s4EP7PIBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-29T12:37:23.650898Z","bundle_sha256":"a46368fcbba35ae7bde1a4bf971d53d91f711a103dd0ccdf6e3c7a8b48ebcc61"}}