{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:NJM7LBWAF6VPFNP4IP5WURDXAZ","short_pith_number":"pith:NJM7LBWA","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1711.05472","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2017-11-15T09:33:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"f22a9dab3625123aba9385bf3f286fb47ed3190df56a182f3202ce31d32bcc93","abstract_canon_sha256":"12e3cc622a7a9347efaf7ae9e80a492c8942c1be2dbdda186ffa0ec1ce53ac05"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6a59f586c02faaf2b5fc43fb6a4477064c8a68d82694a0ec6538c424206883e7","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1711.05472","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1711.05472","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1711.05472v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1711.05472","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NJM7LBWAF6VP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NJM7LBWAF6VPFNP4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NJM7LBWA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:NJM7LBWAF6VPFNP4IP5WURDXAZ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1711.05472","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2017-11-15T09:33:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"f22a9dab3625123aba9385bf3f286fb47ed3190df56a182f3202ce31d32bcc93","abstract_canon_sha256":"12e3cc622a7a9347efaf7ae9e80a492c8942c1be2dbdda186ffa0ec1ce53ac05"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6a59f586c02faaf2b5fc43fb6a4477064c8a68d82694a0ec6538c424206883e7","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29.709614Z","signature_b64":"x9m7/Hz8W1ItGU/Mfp7bD2uI3+WD+P+0vo0aXQ+0FzIpOTC1uijvqLMLdZmYz3zNp4crJK9zIoPOlX0/9mcyAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6a59f586c02faaf2b5fc43fb6a4477064c8a68d82694a0ec6538c424206883e7","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29.709030Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29.709030Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1711.05472","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"c6TQ2rVUCtfbiHaZmGXChNWYH7xBMz1qUR6fQb51gXwlAIkjMrc0iGcbe1Ai0lXuaXTH33GzRPOCT7lBW+idAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T02:26:13.508177Z"},"content_sha256":"1d7bd338d1effead0026354b52f65f0164d89d655312a445bbcc71ef86b5896d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1d7bd338d1effead0026354b52f65f0164d89d655312a445bbcc71ef86b5896d"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:NJM7LBWAF6VPFNP4IP5WURDXAZ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Can clone detection support quality assessments of requirements specifications?","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CL"],"primary_cat":"cs.SE","authors_text":"Benjamin Hummel, Bernhard Schaetz, Christoph Domann, Elmar Juergens, Florian Deissenboeck, Jonathan Streit, Martin Feilkas, Stefan Wagner","submitted_at":"2017-11-15T09:33:44Z","abstract_excerpt":"Due to their pivotal role in software engineering, considerable effort is spent on the quality assurance of software requirements specifications. As they are mainly described in natural language, relatively few means of automated quality assessment exist. However, we found that clone detection, a technique widely applied to source code, is promising to assess one important quality aspect in an automated way, namely redundancy that stems from copy&paste operations. This paper describes a large-scale case study that applied clone detection to 28 requirements specifications with a total of 8,667 "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1711.05472","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"g2ixOp7racMDPEUFW14yL64iZAtXg/SMEIyoX4Kmbzh11aBTrFAbzMyeQk2KBI9RxVvLmoK0ZKas98vOakVxAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T02:26:13.508539Z"},"content_sha256":"d27ffaa5b5948598d62c814f4d0e31a50fe2d11fbb7ab69f0e65c88f78c0f59f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d27ffaa5b5948598d62c814f4d0e31a50fe2d11fbb7ab69f0e65c88f78c0f59f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NJM7LBWAF6VPFNP4IP5WURDXAZ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NJM7LBWAF6VPFNP4IP5WURDXAZ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NJM7LBWAF6VPFNP4IP5WURDXAZ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T02:26:13Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NJM7LBWAF6VPFNP4IP5WURDXAZ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NJM7LBWAF6VPFNP4IP5WURDXAZ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NJM7LBWAF6VPFNP4IP5WURDXAZ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NJM7LBWAF6VPFNP4IP5WURDXAZ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:NJM7LBWAF6VPFNP4IP5WURDXAZ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"12e3cc622a7a9347efaf7ae9e80a492c8942c1be2dbdda186ffa0ec1ce53ac05","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2017-11-15T09:33:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"f22a9dab3625123aba9385bf3f286fb47ed3190df56a182f3202ce31d32bcc93"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1711.05472","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1711.05472","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1711.05472v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1711.05472","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NJM7LBWAF6VP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NJM7LBWAF6VPFNP4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NJM7LBWA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:31Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d27ffaa5b5948598d62c814f4d0e31a50fe2d11fbb7ab69f0e65c88f78c0f59f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Due to their pivotal role in software engineering, considerable effort is spent on the quality assurance of software requirements specifications. As they are mainly described in natural language, relatively few means of automated quality assessment exist. However, we found that clone detection, a technique widely applied to source code, is promising to assess one important quality aspect in an automated way, namely redundancy that stems from copy&paste operations. This paper describes a large-scale case study that applied clone detection to 28 requirements specifications with a total of 8,667 ","authors_text":"Benjamin Hummel, Bernhard Schaetz, Christoph Domann, Elmar Juergens, Florian Deissenboeck, Jonathan Streit, Martin Feilkas, Stefan Wagner","cross_cats":["cs.CL"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2017-11-15T09:33:44Z","title":"Can clone detection support quality assessments of requirements specifications?"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1711.05472","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:1d7bd338d1effead0026354b52f65f0164d89d655312a445bbcc71ef86b5896d","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"12e3cc622a7a9347efaf7ae9e80a492c8942c1be2dbdda186ffa0ec1ce53ac05","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2017-11-15T09:33:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"f22a9dab3625123aba9385bf3f286fb47ed3190df56a182f3202ce31d32bcc93"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1711.05472","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"6a59f586c02faaf2b5fc43fb6a4477064c8a68d82694a0ec6538c424206883e7","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6a59f586c02faaf2b5fc43fb6a4477064c8a68d82694a0ec6538c424206883e7","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29.709030Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29.709030Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"x9m7/Hz8W1ItGU/Mfp7bD2uI3+WD+P+0vo0aXQ+0FzIpOTC1uijvqLMLdZmYz3zNp4crJK9zIoPOlX0/9mcyAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:29.709614Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1711.05472","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:1d7bd338d1effead0026354b52f65f0164d89d655312a445bbcc71ef86b5896d","sha256:d27ffaa5b5948598d62c814f4d0e31a50fe2d11fbb7ab69f0e65c88f78c0f59f"],"state_sha256":"2389d7ecaa4f9725df3edb3d9b588b40fbd1a878c6576084d92dae0ff694a23a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9rHec67dk+XCYWtAbgC9wrrVL0E0FNsPL6/07I8O4mt8rHQ4cU1pOWbCrboYJk3rlyrVbu66zzxJa7e8iEPQAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T02:26:13.511048Z","bundle_sha256":"2298460eb0cb49c25caceea0596730e96b1646e537842480cc49e676aeb09c58"}}