{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:NQEGXHKCMOHKXFTYO6MV4OB2S3","short_pith_number":"pith:NQEGXHKC","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2102.09801","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"nucl-th","submitted_at":"2021-02-19T08:34:11Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"dc57b3d18c83492df0c7c8fa9ac5df6d57d3d902412282be0e414062de533173","abstract_canon_sha256":"e53a9861a11455f29f4a86be46cd82efb5e7dd0d1e79e773ed55f8e59cefb0a4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6c086b9d42638eab967877995e383a96ec84a8b247a10714de9968afe39bebb3","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2102.09801","version":5},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2102.09801","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2102.09801v5","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2102.09801","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NQEGXHKCMOHK","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NQEGXHKCMOHKXFTY","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NQEGXHKC","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:NQEGXHKCMOHKXFTYO6MV4OB2S3","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2102.09801","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"nucl-th","submitted_at":"2021-02-19T08:34:11Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"dc57b3d18c83492df0c7c8fa9ac5df6d57d3d902412282be0e414062de533173","abstract_canon_sha256":"e53a9861a11455f29f4a86be46cd82efb5e7dd0d1e79e773ed55f8e59cefb0a4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"6c086b9d42638eab967877995e383a96ec84a8b247a10714de9968afe39bebb3","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09.358589Z","signature_b64":"3D4RmZezSKdcHj9BluS+7ETdLEgUwYpTEMRlN9UbGxHPK9FnjQRP978P9xhN4WcEdYenp+pa4CpXJX7i8y7vAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"6c086b9d42638eab967877995e383a96ec84a8b247a10714de9968afe39bebb3","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09.358198Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09.358198Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2102.09801","source_version":5,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"yR9m7RiRQoLf/TupLMVjGNTV+rFAztBe/rM4yVPOo41VInU+x5OP3hB6qfLwE6+KP23l5EJkEu3CbGzPG42uDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-08T02:46:40.792609Z"},"content_sha256":"882d8fefbd9493d455fb8bde9710efaf1f07d5fbb151797386938f3b10e122bb","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:882d8fefbd9493d455fb8bde9710efaf1f07d5fbb151797386938f3b10e122bb"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:NQEGXHKCMOHKXFTYO6MV4OB2S3","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Dynamical Screening Effects on Big Bang Nucleosynthesis","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"nucl-th","authors_text":"A. Baha Balantekin, Chang-Mo Ryu, Dukjae Jang, Eunseok Hwang, Kiwan Park, Motohiko Kusakabe, Myung-Ki Cheoun, Tomoyuki Maruyama, Toshitaka Kajino","submitted_at":"2021-02-19T08:34:11Z","abstract_excerpt":"A moving ion in plasma creates a deformed electric potential depending on the ion velocity, which leads to the distinct screening effect compared to the standard static Salpeter formula. In this paper, adopting the test charge method, we explore the dynamical screening effects on big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). We find that the high temperature in the early universe causes the ion velocity to be faster than the solar condition so that the electric potential is effectively polarized. However, the low density of background plasma components significantly suppresses the dynamical screening effect"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2102.09801","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2102.09801/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"eKrqChVrDwRaqGu8+yffQEVWpTyl2Nl7rhheFeIIUJQO40carJHjxWlFd1bRhwehe+DygAPhVC+D+hEH8B63Dg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-08T02:46:40.792990Z"},"content_sha256":"dbe3bad8e6e374090f2b3ab7ec83958d3710b7e8fcca949d641060debe3e0b9c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:dbe3bad8e6e374090f2b3ab7ec83958d3710b7e8fcca949d641060debe3e0b9c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NQEGXHKCMOHKXFTYO6MV4OB2S3/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/NQEGXHKCMOHKXFTYO6MV4OB2S3/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NQEGXHKCMOHKXFTYO6MV4OB2S3/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-08T02:46:40Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/NQEGXHKCMOHKXFTYO6MV4OB2S3","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/NQEGXHKCMOHKXFTYO6MV4OB2S3/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/NQEGXHKCMOHKXFTYO6MV4OB2S3/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/NQEGXHKCMOHKXFTYO6MV4OB2S3/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:NQEGXHKCMOHKXFTYO6MV4OB2S3","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e53a9861a11455f29f4a86be46cd82efb5e7dd0d1e79e773ed55f8e59cefb0a4","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"nucl-th","submitted_at":"2021-02-19T08:34:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"dc57b3d18c83492df0c7c8fa9ac5df6d57d3d902412282be0e414062de533173"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2102.09801","kind":"arxiv","version":5}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2102.09801","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2102.09801v5","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2102.09801","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"NQEGXHKCMOHK","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"NQEGXHKCMOHKXFTY","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"NQEGXHKC","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:dbe3bad8e6e374090f2b3ab7ec83958d3710b7e8fcca949d641060debe3e0b9c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2102.09801/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"A moving ion in plasma creates a deformed electric potential depending on the ion velocity, which leads to the distinct screening effect compared to the standard static Salpeter formula. In this paper, adopting the test charge method, we explore the dynamical screening effects on big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). We find that the high temperature in the early universe causes the ion velocity to be faster than the solar condition so that the electric potential is effectively polarized. However, the low density of background plasma components significantly suppresses the dynamical screening effect","authors_text":"A. Baha Balantekin, Chang-Mo Ryu, Dukjae Jang, Eunseok Hwang, Kiwan Park, Motohiko Kusakabe, Myung-Ki Cheoun, Tomoyuki Maruyama, Toshitaka Kajino","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"nucl-th","submitted_at":"2021-02-19T08:34:11Z","title":"Dynamical Screening Effects on Big Bang Nucleosynthesis"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2102.09801","kind":"arxiv","version":5},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:882d8fefbd9493d455fb8bde9710efaf1f07d5fbb151797386938f3b10e122bb","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e53a9861a11455f29f4a86be46cd82efb5e7dd0d1e79e773ed55f8e59cefb0a4","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"nucl-th","submitted_at":"2021-02-19T08:34:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"dc57b3d18c83492df0c7c8fa9ac5df6d57d3d902412282be0e414062de533173"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2102.09801","kind":"arxiv","version":5}},"canonical_sha256":"6c086b9d42638eab967877995e383a96ec84a8b247a10714de9968afe39bebb3","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"6c086b9d42638eab967877995e383a96ec84a8b247a10714de9968afe39bebb3","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09.358198Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09.358198Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"3D4RmZezSKdcHj9BluS+7ETdLEgUwYpTEMRlN9UbGxHPK9FnjQRP978P9xhN4WcEdYenp+pa4CpXJX7i8y7vAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T03:30:09.358589Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2102.09801","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":5}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:882d8fefbd9493d455fb8bde9710efaf1f07d5fbb151797386938f3b10e122bb","sha256:dbe3bad8e6e374090f2b3ab7ec83958d3710b7e8fcca949d641060debe3e0b9c"],"state_sha256":"861edd8cb772e03dd3941c4220221b0aecda678939b3349bca65f5b410807e95"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"VR5lZNyxoR1+CiHChEMXROyMuHGLsIkH/W4a61wWsscxHXimwqgZCB/EdfF1ci25H8ikmvj+ZoaNhhObwzi1Ag==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-08T02:46:40.795188Z","bundle_sha256":"67019f9b08fd8345c056ed11da92c4e07a384c84a5e1853e035621eccfda6e3c"}}