{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:OD4HGGEFJRDD32IBTQJM4W6NLP","short_pith_number":"pith:OD4HGGEF","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1202.4585","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.comp-ph","submitted_at":"2012-02-21T10:17:15Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"title_canon_sha256":"ccf31a4cd33c45788364abcb0f933df11766785e915e330bf7283e3d288abb0d","abstract_canon_sha256":"b02ca0103af3574c6594531796d926b27341cce474343d87e129588d447e8676"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"70f87318854c463de9019c12ce5bcd5befcfdb2110f347e46d2866b69b11d426","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1202.4585","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1202.4585","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1202.4585v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1202.4585","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OD4HGGEFJRDD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OD4HGGEFJRDD32IB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OD4HGGEF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:16Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:OD4HGGEFJRDD32IBTQJM4W6NLP","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1202.4585","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.comp-ph","submitted_at":"2012-02-21T10:17:15Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"title_canon_sha256":"ccf31a4cd33c45788364abcb0f933df11766785e915e330bf7283e3d288abb0d","abstract_canon_sha256":"b02ca0103af3574c6594531796d926b27341cce474343d87e129588d447e8676"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"70f87318854c463de9019c12ce5bcd5befcfdb2110f347e46d2866b69b11d426","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:22.975990Z","signature_b64":"xHXeAv2ZRPdRT66o4mlmfdIL2r/hhlSJgGaOpfBPaKmw1lipaq1O7/ac8SdeWroNAXLnGM2F+XDyMOdVD5UACg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"70f87318854c463de9019c12ce5bcd5befcfdb2110f347e46d2866b69b11d426","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:22.975431Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:22.975431Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1202.4585","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9is1c5FFXo4tAN6YZSS1Y7gTvGiKTLHSxZZcuzRF+N58qIKF+fcT8j3wtc0Jc6VcxS/ciJ+jn5PnyHFgjf++Ag==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-19T23:17:26.122467Z"},"content_sha256":"e9a999b8b2649934f1b8b25fdd4670a8798ea77f7af113b5f8a7f6a1d7f7bf8b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e9a999b8b2649934f1b8b25fdd4670a8798ea77f7af113b5f8a7f6a1d7f7bf8b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:OD4HGGEFJRDD32IBTQJM4W6NLP","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"High-Directional Wave Propagation in Periodic Gain/Loss Modulated Materials","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.optics"],"primary_cat":"physics.comp-ph","authors_text":"K.Staliunas, M. Botey, N. Kumar, R. Herrero, Yu. Loiko","submitted_at":"2012-02-21T10:17:15Z","abstract_excerpt":"Amplification/attenuation of light waves in artificial materials with a gain/loss modulation on the wavelength scale can be sensitive to the propagation direction. We give a numerical proof of the high anisotropy of the gain/loss in two dimensional periodic structures with square and rhombic lattice symmetry by solving the full set of Maxwell's equations using the finite difference time domain method. Anisotropy of amplification/attenuation leads to the narrowing of the angular spectrum of propagating radiation with wavevectors close to the edges of the first Brillouin Zone. The effect provide"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1202.4585","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"SHy8mXjjoJFLBI1p8PdWAuyveKCdrmrnLItxuIbYEK5msyTddCtjKx1jsjbc/eavErH1uC1uu19r4fZfFhsxAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-19T23:17:26.122810Z"},"content_sha256":"94c163f2ba83feeb4cf0178d4bfacecef215aad01a1c2b8dcbf70d820334da12","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:94c163f2ba83feeb4cf0178d4bfacecef215aad01a1c2b8dcbf70d820334da12"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OD4HGGEFJRDD32IBTQJM4W6NLP/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/OD4HGGEFJRDD32IBTQJM4W6NLP/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OD4HGGEFJRDD32IBTQJM4W6NLP/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-19T23:17:26Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/OD4HGGEFJRDD32IBTQJM4W6NLP","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/OD4HGGEFJRDD32IBTQJM4W6NLP/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/OD4HGGEFJRDD32IBTQJM4W6NLP/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/OD4HGGEFJRDD32IBTQJM4W6NLP/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:OD4HGGEFJRDD32IBTQJM4W6NLP","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b02ca0103af3574c6594531796d926b27341cce474343d87e129588d447e8676","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.comp-ph","submitted_at":"2012-02-21T10:17:15Z","title_canon_sha256":"ccf31a4cd33c45788364abcb0f933df11766785e915e330bf7283e3d288abb0d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1202.4585","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1202.4585","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1202.4585v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1202.4585","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"OD4HGGEFJRDD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"OD4HGGEFJRDD32IB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"OD4HGGEF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:16Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:94c163f2ba83feeb4cf0178d4bfacecef215aad01a1c2b8dcbf70d820334da12","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Amplification/attenuation of light waves in artificial materials with a gain/loss modulation on the wavelength scale can be sensitive to the propagation direction. We give a numerical proof of the high anisotropy of the gain/loss in two dimensional periodic structures with square and rhombic lattice symmetry by solving the full set of Maxwell's equations using the finite difference time domain method. Anisotropy of amplification/attenuation leads to the narrowing of the angular spectrum of propagating radiation with wavevectors close to the edges of the first Brillouin Zone. The effect provide","authors_text":"K.Staliunas, M. Botey, N. Kumar, R. Herrero, Yu. Loiko","cross_cats":["physics.optics"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.comp-ph","submitted_at":"2012-02-21T10:17:15Z","title":"High-Directional Wave Propagation in Periodic Gain/Loss Modulated Materials"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1202.4585","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e9a999b8b2649934f1b8b25fdd4670a8798ea77f7af113b5f8a7f6a1d7f7bf8b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b02ca0103af3574c6594531796d926b27341cce474343d87e129588d447e8676","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.comp-ph","submitted_at":"2012-02-21T10:17:15Z","title_canon_sha256":"ccf31a4cd33c45788364abcb0f933df11766785e915e330bf7283e3d288abb0d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1202.4585","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"70f87318854c463de9019c12ce5bcd5befcfdb2110f347e46d2866b69b11d426","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"70f87318854c463de9019c12ce5bcd5befcfdb2110f347e46d2866b69b11d426","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:22.975431Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:22.975431Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"xHXeAv2ZRPdRT66o4mlmfdIL2r/hhlSJgGaOpfBPaKmw1lipaq1O7/ac8SdeWroNAXLnGM2F+XDyMOdVD5UACg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:22.975990Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1202.4585","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e9a999b8b2649934f1b8b25fdd4670a8798ea77f7af113b5f8a7f6a1d7f7bf8b","sha256:94c163f2ba83feeb4cf0178d4bfacecef215aad01a1c2b8dcbf70d820334da12"],"state_sha256":"8f87375359c1dc4ad22809568423159237d2cfc3abc76e5a281106fa69e9961f"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nNOwrq2dxUEvtSZJqKDVw/4Jl8brLKq+vI3DMfO883nfRmfertKvIDqO9VEMsEWnDY/xR4G6mACbA5cfICY+BQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-19T23:17:26.124786Z","bundle_sha256":"24393e54db5d556434fdb9431c964c45c224101224a601f5b5f632ad5ba68011"}}