{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:P3B3XMETLTJKJJG7VAP2OMDAPK","short_pith_number":"pith:P3B3XMET","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2505.07194","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2025-05-12T02:54:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4599ba145cd12793064cfdad39423f42f7de9c5d8c3e47b7361b11139bb383fb","abstract_canon_sha256":"a183315f63145a71a571b4de99b93107818be4be5de5eaec8be91e4829a78082"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7ec3bbb0935cd2a4a4dfa81fa730607a99621a00f4f15a1aaac05bf8de150871","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2505.07194","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2505.07194","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2505.07194v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2505.07194","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"P3B3XMETLTJK","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"P3B3XMETLTJKJJG7","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"P3B3XMET","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:P3B3XMETLTJKJJG7VAP2OMDAPK","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2505.07194","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2025-05-12T02:54:16Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4599ba145cd12793064cfdad39423f42f7de9c5d8c3e47b7361b11139bb383fb","abstract_canon_sha256":"a183315f63145a71a571b4de99b93107818be4be5de5eaec8be91e4829a78082"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7ec3bbb0935cd2a4a4dfa81fa730607a99621a00f4f15a1aaac05bf8de150871","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44.058863Z","signature_b64":"xiaY3Ri6WMC93dV7zT2N+vh+WkTyJtCGtWpy1JFUyjDiTwMvNQdTMiZGk9Z3dpRp4wkDklRz5WJD5+lnyhJdBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7ec3bbb0935cd2a4a4dfa81fa730607a99621a00f4f15a1aaac05bf8de150871","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44.058423Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44.058423Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2505.07194","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KwLfC8tH/CuEsrPFi0IHGqa/Q3FgxGUpwLZJwCYcOLY8XLvRDweXxTKbOHmeq5+8qXL9IAyiK9vkubxhmD+BBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T20:11:41.813686Z"},"content_sha256":"0f4052d8d7bbc66e3736aba8a33d20bf7d6ad46b57eeca26c3f00dfa47c98926","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0f4052d8d7bbc66e3736aba8a33d20bf7d6ad46b57eeca26c3f00dfa47c98926"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:P3B3XMETLTJKJJG7VAP2OMDAPK","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Brightness Characteristics of the Qianfan Satellites and Evidence That Some Are Tumbling","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","authors_text":"Anthony Mallama, Jay Respler, Jeff Warner, Richard E. Cole, Roger Spinner, Stephan Hellmich","submitted_at":"2025-05-12T02:54:16Z","abstract_excerpt":"The mean apparent magnitude of the Qianfan satellites is 5.76 +/- 0.04, while the mean of magnitudes adjusted to a distance of 1,000 km is 5.24 +/- 0.04, based on 1,161 observations. Light curves of several spacecraft display rapid periodic fluctuations which indicate that they are tumbling. Nearly all of the non-tumbling satellite observations can be modeled with diffusely reflecting, Earth-facing surfaces. The Qianfan constellation will impact astronomical research and aesthetic appreciation of the night sky unless their brightness is mitigated."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2505.07194","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2505.07194/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KvToSJLZpzQWckWRvHh1QWqrGXQjGCm+e12oYu22fP5gXUriRipvOnu2qmeRTVrLKxPUK8W8lrzjvPosr40/Ag==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T20:11:41.814275Z"},"content_sha256":"e0c7be59c6f5a3e5a2352fefebcee3011e654f931c2b53f38a0afdf3c2ae0530","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e0c7be59c6f5a3e5a2352fefebcee3011e654f931c2b53f38a0afdf3c2ae0530"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/P3B3XMETLTJKJJG7VAP2OMDAPK/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/P3B3XMETLTJKJJG7VAP2OMDAPK/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/P3B3XMETLTJKJJG7VAP2OMDAPK/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-19T20:11:41Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/P3B3XMETLTJKJJG7VAP2OMDAPK","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/P3B3XMETLTJKJJG7VAP2OMDAPK/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/P3B3XMETLTJKJJG7VAP2OMDAPK/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/P3B3XMETLTJKJJG7VAP2OMDAPK/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:P3B3XMETLTJKJJG7VAP2OMDAPK","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a183315f63145a71a571b4de99b93107818be4be5de5eaec8be91e4829a78082","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2025-05-12T02:54:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"4599ba145cd12793064cfdad39423f42f7de9c5d8c3e47b7361b11139bb383fb"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2505.07194","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2505.07194","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2505.07194v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2505.07194","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"P3B3XMETLTJK","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"P3B3XMETLTJKJJG7","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"P3B3XMET","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e0c7be59c6f5a3e5a2352fefebcee3011e654f931c2b53f38a0afdf3c2ae0530","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2505.07194/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The mean apparent magnitude of the Qianfan satellites is 5.76 +/- 0.04, while the mean of magnitudes adjusted to a distance of 1,000 km is 5.24 +/- 0.04, based on 1,161 observations. Light curves of several spacecraft display rapid periodic fluctuations which indicate that they are tumbling. Nearly all of the non-tumbling satellite observations can be modeled with diffusely reflecting, Earth-facing surfaces. The Qianfan constellation will impact astronomical research and aesthetic appreciation of the night sky unless their brightness is mitigated.","authors_text":"Anthony Mallama, Jay Respler, Jeff Warner, Richard E. Cole, Roger Spinner, Stephan Hellmich","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2025-05-12T02:54:16Z","title":"Brightness Characteristics of the Qianfan Satellites and Evidence That Some Are Tumbling"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2505.07194","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0f4052d8d7bbc66e3736aba8a33d20bf7d6ad46b57eeca26c3f00dfa47c98926","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a183315f63145a71a571b4de99b93107818be4be5de5eaec8be91e4829a78082","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.IM","submitted_at":"2025-05-12T02:54:16Z","title_canon_sha256":"4599ba145cd12793064cfdad39423f42f7de9c5d8c3e47b7361b11139bb383fb"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2505.07194","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"7ec3bbb0935cd2a4a4dfa81fa730607a99621a00f4f15a1aaac05bf8de150871","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7ec3bbb0935cd2a4a4dfa81fa730607a99621a00f4f15a1aaac05bf8de150871","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44.058423Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44.058423Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"xiaY3Ri6WMC93dV7zT2N+vh+WkTyJtCGtWpy1JFUyjDiTwMvNQdTMiZGk9Z3dpRp4wkDklRz5WJD5+lnyhJdBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:01:44.058863Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2505.07194","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0f4052d8d7bbc66e3736aba8a33d20bf7d6ad46b57eeca26c3f00dfa47c98926","sha256:e0c7be59c6f5a3e5a2352fefebcee3011e654f931c2b53f38a0afdf3c2ae0530"],"state_sha256":"777c4931eef76656accf53558194ad71fd5271d659920e074e4de684dcfd5825"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ymWO5930dHj8EUtLVM2N4T3bycRMrYpXJG8ZXxGluENDYLDVv0KeXznJLXUi/lnQQcLeYsvEwltjTsGSDhotDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-19T20:11:41.818197Z","bundle_sha256":"3ae5c60b926dd0c9b2eab195cd82220437956bc44d92ed03ec9b588915f9081f"}}