{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:PCCODW2EXEMTU2YQTGMO7O5JZL","short_pith_number":"pith:PCCODW2E","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1704.04239","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-04-13T18:00:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"0c9b832333dd7b756b8a86778debf80cc41927ccc91f965bd3bfff2ba16fd94e","abstract_canon_sha256":"2adc41e0a05288e702c63920cc09c8ebb70112e5800691239f786cac0fe85556"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7884e1db44b9193a6b109998efbba9cae13eaa63432f3669777d9a8928e143a4","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1704.04239","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1704.04239","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1704.04239v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1704.04239","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PCCODW2EXEMT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PCCODW2EXEMTU2YQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PCCODW2E","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:37Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:PCCODW2EXEMTU2YQTGMO7O5JZL","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1704.04239","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-04-13T18:00:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"title_canon_sha256":"0c9b832333dd7b756b8a86778debf80cc41927ccc91f965bd3bfff2ba16fd94e","abstract_canon_sha256":"2adc41e0a05288e702c63920cc09c8ebb70112e5800691239f786cac0fe85556"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7884e1db44b9193a6b109998efbba9cae13eaa63432f3669777d9a8928e143a4","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:47.580038Z","signature_b64":"1SPosW+arS5kaA78GjBrqiJTt8eLbx80wFvmIImTF4CryCSU7x0GCVt7ciwmD6Awtnhh16hm6b4kX4Aat+CnBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7884e1db44b9193a6b109998efbba9cae13eaa63432f3669777d9a8928e143a4","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:47.579458Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:47.579458Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1704.04239","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:47Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"SKmJfMpoKBV2/D2PE1vwg0+EFfUsUPXJTOSVUlVKSk8VR2hS1Ux0ZvfSTGDKDCD0DN7+orYWkWsSk6x/B6sPDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-26T05:52:48.769611Z"},"content_sha256":"03038e43f0e8572d9d2072fbbb53f10c59d0230866a0fde9eda7716047c3c341","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:03038e43f0e8572d9d2072fbbb53f10c59d0230866a0fde9eda7716047c3c341"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:PCCODW2EXEMTU2YQTGMO7O5JZL","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The physical origin of long gas depletion times in galaxies","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","authors_text":"Andrey V. Kravtsov, Nickolay Y. Gnedin, Vadim A. Semenov","submitted_at":"2017-04-13T18:00:01Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present a model that explains why galaxies form stars on a time scale significantly longer than the time scales of processes governing the evolution of interstellar gas. We show that gas evolves from a non-star-forming to a star-forming state on a relatively short time scale and thus the rate of this evolution does not limit the star formation rate. Instead, the star formation rate is limited because only a small fraction of star-forming gas is converted into stars before star-forming regions are dispersed by feedback and dynamical processes. Thus, gas cycles into and out of star-forming st"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1704.04239","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:47Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"W+JrDogmMYqWdItvlZ3lBt0SD9URjegcp3XIoEaj+o7YB0aUBnFslFZwGJvWiPnVA1Ekp4RhDyCE0toa2tniAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-26T05:52:48.769953Z"},"content_sha256":"a3686c92497df04f2adb544169c4762f383f70ad4d4e9e711c8d3a302f58745f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a3686c92497df04f2adb544169c4762f383f70ad4d4e9e711c8d3a302f58745f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PCCODW2EXEMTU2YQTGMO7O5JZL/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PCCODW2EXEMTU2YQTGMO7O5JZL/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PCCODW2EXEMTU2YQTGMO7O5JZL/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-26T05:52:48Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/PCCODW2EXEMTU2YQTGMO7O5JZL","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/PCCODW2EXEMTU2YQTGMO7O5JZL/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/PCCODW2EXEMTU2YQTGMO7O5JZL/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PCCODW2EXEMTU2YQTGMO7O5JZL/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:PCCODW2EXEMTU2YQTGMO7O5JZL","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2adc41e0a05288e702c63920cc09c8ebb70112e5800691239f786cac0fe85556","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-04-13T18:00:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"0c9b832333dd7b756b8a86778debf80cc41927ccc91f965bd3bfff2ba16fd94e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1704.04239","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1704.04239","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1704.04239v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1704.04239","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PCCODW2EXEMT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PCCODW2EXEMTU2YQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PCCODW2E","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:37Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a3686c92497df04f2adb544169c4762f383f70ad4d4e9e711c8d3a302f58745f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:47Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present a model that explains why galaxies form stars on a time scale significantly longer than the time scales of processes governing the evolution of interstellar gas. We show that gas evolves from a non-star-forming to a star-forming state on a relatively short time scale and thus the rate of this evolution does not limit the star formation rate. Instead, the star formation rate is limited because only a small fraction of star-forming gas is converted into stars before star-forming regions are dispersed by feedback and dynamical processes. Thus, gas cycles into and out of star-forming st","authors_text":"Andrey V. Kravtsov, Nickolay Y. Gnedin, Vadim A. Semenov","cross_cats":["astro-ph.CO"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-04-13T18:00:01Z","title":"The physical origin of long gas depletion times in galaxies"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1704.04239","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:03038e43f0e8572d9d2072fbbb53f10c59d0230866a0fde9eda7716047c3c341","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:47Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2adc41e0a05288e702c63920cc09c8ebb70112e5800691239f786cac0fe85556","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.CO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.GA","submitted_at":"2017-04-13T18:00:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"0c9b832333dd7b756b8a86778debf80cc41927ccc91f965bd3bfff2ba16fd94e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1704.04239","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"7884e1db44b9193a6b109998efbba9cae13eaa63432f3669777d9a8928e143a4","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7884e1db44b9193a6b109998efbba9cae13eaa63432f3669777d9a8928e143a4","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:47.579458Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:47.579458Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"1SPosW+arS5kaA78GjBrqiJTt8eLbx80wFvmIImTF4CryCSU7x0GCVt7ciwmD6Awtnhh16hm6b4kX4Aat+CnBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:37:47.580038Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1704.04239","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:03038e43f0e8572d9d2072fbbb53f10c59d0230866a0fde9eda7716047c3c341","sha256:a3686c92497df04f2adb544169c4762f383f70ad4d4e9e711c8d3a302f58745f"],"state_sha256":"95156b21c6a7e7d9acefe4836d1acf786d6c7d24c2e3a60ec031eaf67490addb"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"aQtdHTExyJ18UW9pjCM8DIlLJbJvAtP94irSS8+8YUvExiyejDQABzlkVhDmBE1xoTCP99ZMCQ8Y1gq2bXRUDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-26T05:52:48.771880Z","bundle_sha256":"327b87e4e0d98ff2158c3ce1f6d0f10222f58aecc38e2949eedd16eb49fe3243"}}