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In the case of the conventional (flux-less) ladder the PDW arises when certain filling fractions for which commensurability conditions are met.\n  For the flux $\\pi$ ladder the PDW phase is generally present. The PDW phase is characterized by a finite spin gap and a superconducting order parameter with a finite (commensurate in this case) wave vector and power-law superconducting correlations"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1111.6320","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.str-el","submitted_at":"2011-11-28T00:09:42Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.supr-con"],"title_canon_sha256":"ee97e061cb36b21a5bd1269b06b5467cf50fd9e1e431e50601db27c9e0f1e2cb","abstract_canon_sha256":"337a391b0750f39a846984317fca7e708ff769194b07c45d66d67e9f0d08438f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:04:53.019942Z","signature_b64":"y0EhuggjNFvVsOhpLbwDJSz52qM+3DvRkrkXMCgLDaBAANQ3I0OTprsAkf+RDZ2eIJIXe/OG8Yq5bRrZGHnQBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7c8dc75156d407459ab0aebcb10895135981eec8ac1e090b6c2b2e398204a285","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:04:53.019299Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:04:53.019299Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Pair-Density-Wave Superconducting Order in Two-Leg Ladders","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.supr-con"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.str-el","authors_text":"Akbar Jaefari, Eduardo Fradkin","submitted_at":"2011-11-28T00:09:42Z","abstract_excerpt":"We show using bosonization methods that extended Hubbard-Heisenberg models on two types of two leg ladders (without flux and with flux $\\pi$ per plaquette) have commensurate pair-density wave (PDW) phases. 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