{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:PWL3J2G6BAJGWAAU47OXDZX6OD","short_pith_number":"pith:PWL3J2G6","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1908.09785","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2019-08-26T16:37:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.IR"],"title_canon_sha256":"3317b936db1276a231eb913bf6a9c453da38d5a861b3c4d1da4d0962d7097b4e","abstract_canon_sha256":"a6d2b1a23817dfdee394351e66d150201fe2eeca475d9746cfbda2642083a0e6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7d97b4e8de08126b0014e7dd71e6fe70e227346e90c0a017ff67365472027f4a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1908.09785","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1908.09785","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1908.09785v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1908.09785","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PWL3J2G6BAJG","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PWL3J2G6BAJGWAAU","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PWL3J2G6","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:PWL3J2G6BAJGWAAU47OXDZX6OD","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1908.09785","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2019-08-26T16:37:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.IR"],"title_canon_sha256":"3317b936db1276a231eb913bf6a9c453da38d5a861b3c4d1da4d0962d7097b4e","abstract_canon_sha256":"a6d2b1a23817dfdee394351e66d150201fe2eeca475d9746cfbda2642083a0e6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7d97b4e8de08126b0014e7dd71e6fe70e227346e90c0a017ff67365472027f4a","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44.863722Z","signature_b64":"IZaD+zh92A3LYuk7n7m6vcbtBxfeAMm6igcYcVUv9JkHI5e2zhMPBZc/B5JfvONG7fauwEO187FJIHIS/e80Bw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7d97b4e8de08126b0014e7dd71e6fe70e227346e90c0a017ff67365472027f4a","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44.863375Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44.863375Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1908.09785","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"x/b51HYkAcnnRG317M1BVgtcRQrxA8pzDKR2TfCkZxzJo/XmHk2GSCoubZkTih4yil89VgiCuKWKLePmyfdyBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T21:49:07.241270Z"},"content_sha256":"bdd3b86f55b875ac0a38dcae05ff7082c04b2f03ff18731ecd33febba81fd7cf","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:bdd3b86f55b875ac0a38dcae05ff7082c04b2f03ff18731ecd33febba81fd7cf"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:PWL3J2G6BAJGWAAU47OXDZX6OD","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Detecting Toxicity in News Articles: Application to Bulgarian","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.IR"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Ivan Koychev, Preslav Nakov, Yoan Dinkov","submitted_at":"2019-08-26T16:37:03Z","abstract_excerpt":"Online media aim for reaching ever bigger audience and for attracting ever longer attention span. This competition creates an environment that rewards sensational, fake, and toxic news. To help limit their spread and impact, we propose and develop a news toxicity detector that can recognize various types of toxic content. While previous research primarily focused on English, here we target Bulgarian. We created a new dataset by crawling a website that for five years has been collecting Bulgarian news articles that were manually categorized into eight toxicity groups. Then we trained a multi-cl"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1908.09785","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1908.09785/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"C26zb9jiEZfmqVpJ1ISl9m5kSRkTzo6A0ddLTnul1Wl1yuNILhcDJ+z6gkFjJGq25s+y9IAfEvI3KuqlYsGtBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T21:49:07.242161Z"},"content_sha256":"604c01ef53b3982cb3867ebd73f98a322a7b7288d4f357062c667aa6639e2c3c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:604c01ef53b3982cb3867ebd73f98a322a7b7288d4f357062c667aa6639e2c3c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PWL3J2G6BAJGWAAU47OXDZX6OD/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PWL3J2G6BAJGWAAU47OXDZX6OD/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PWL3J2G6BAJGWAAU47OXDZX6OD/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-17T21:49:07Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/PWL3J2G6BAJGWAAU47OXDZX6OD","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/PWL3J2G6BAJGWAAU47OXDZX6OD/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/PWL3J2G6BAJGWAAU47OXDZX6OD/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PWL3J2G6BAJGWAAU47OXDZX6OD/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:PWL3J2G6BAJGWAAU47OXDZX6OD","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a6d2b1a23817dfdee394351e66d150201fe2eeca475d9746cfbda2642083a0e6","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.IR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2019-08-26T16:37:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"3317b936db1276a231eb913bf6a9c453da38d5a861b3c4d1da4d0962d7097b4e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1908.09785","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1908.09785","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1908.09785v1","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1908.09785","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PWL3J2G6BAJG","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PWL3J2G6BAJGWAAU","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PWL3J2G6","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:604c01ef53b3982cb3867ebd73f98a322a7b7288d4f357062c667aa6639e2c3c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1908.09785/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Online media aim for reaching ever bigger audience and for attracting ever longer attention span. This competition creates an environment that rewards sensational, fake, and toxic news. To help limit their spread and impact, we propose and develop a news toxicity detector that can recognize various types of toxic content. While previous research primarily focused on English, here we target Bulgarian. We created a new dataset by crawling a website that for five years has been collecting Bulgarian news articles that were manually categorized into eight toxicity groups. Then we trained a multi-cl","authors_text":"Ivan Koychev, Preslav Nakov, Yoan Dinkov","cross_cats":["cs.IR"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2019-08-26T16:37:03Z","title":"Detecting Toxicity in News Articles: Application to Bulgarian"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1908.09785","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:bdd3b86f55b875ac0a38dcae05ff7082c04b2f03ff18731ecd33febba81fd7cf","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a6d2b1a23817dfdee394351e66d150201fe2eeca475d9746cfbda2642083a0e6","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.IR"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2019-08-26T16:37:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"3317b936db1276a231eb913bf6a9c453da38d5a861b3c4d1da4d0962d7097b4e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1908.09785","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"7d97b4e8de08126b0014e7dd71e6fe70e227346e90c0a017ff67365472027f4a","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7d97b4e8de08126b0014e7dd71e6fe70e227346e90c0a017ff67365472027f4a","first_computed_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44.863375Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44.863375Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"IZaD+zh92A3LYuk7n7m6vcbtBxfeAMm6igcYcVUv9JkHI5e2zhMPBZc/B5JfvONG7fauwEO187FJIHIS/e80Bw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-04T23:59:44.863722Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1908.09785","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:bdd3b86f55b875ac0a38dcae05ff7082c04b2f03ff18731ecd33febba81fd7cf","sha256:604c01ef53b3982cb3867ebd73f98a322a7b7288d4f357062c667aa6639e2c3c"],"state_sha256":"d424025eaf8efb4d48cb48ae499beec71307ac33278ccf6a3e901c90eb00b47e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"O19tn5evHeMbvX7BKtvPgEJB3yb2MCWJpWTP7kh+M9Rv/5k6VT2psz7AhEzT8lFG/uiJEh720+ecAGbNlHftBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T21:49:07.256566Z","bundle_sha256":"32cb4473b19d2d8746b9e0f8183e175d1971afbe5514c16ed292c7080baf2064"}}