{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:PXCPNLVF24DW4FJCHDTGHCIL6Q","short_pith_number":"pith:PXCPNLVF","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2304.07919","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2023-04-16T23:59:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"fa8ced7cd38cb04773e639c0d32775d4747e4a789a2dc51c23c1dd74f3dd5ba6","abstract_canon_sha256":"c612b62b63c06d850997ae78f4ed3926af18f2804fc29d43ee392ee6e3a9cae2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7dc4f6aea5d7076e152238e663890bf40b3d861ffa448a90122915079938e618","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2304.07919","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2304.07919","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2304.07919v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2304.07919","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PXCPNLVF24DW","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PXCPNLVF24DW4FJC","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PXCPNLVF","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:PXCPNLVF24DW4FJCHDTGHCIL6Q","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2304.07919","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2023-04-16T23:59:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"fa8ced7cd38cb04773e639c0d32775d4747e4a789a2dc51c23c1dd74f3dd5ba6","abstract_canon_sha256":"c612b62b63c06d850997ae78f4ed3926af18f2804fc29d43ee392ee6e3a9cae2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"7dc4f6aea5d7076e152238e663890bf40b3d861ffa448a90122915079938e618","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31.278916Z","signature_b64":"CmoA9nz+fgyFuC1mM8b3eXZ/P25M8ajqgZpI2fCf5rrQpPdPwzqSmNJPQBc++O8aEOeUCGBOdiGGGqAALdE9Bg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"7dc4f6aea5d7076e152238e663890bf40b3d861ffa448a90122915079938e618","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31.278457Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31.278457Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2304.07919","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LHV/gAc7K7ugSdbVXUa2VG6ZNzoHOdSON98ES7l0UcpXByAGjKYp+P8zvIJ64GAyTI3aw7awwRQl27E0JJ1OAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T07:36:04.398478Z"},"content_sha256":"005c7c08e027f2d52c967c01138e08a0f2d8006efcea7d3b50617e2b24ff97aa","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:005c7c08e027f2d52c967c01138e08a0f2d8006efcea7d3b50617e2b24ff97aa"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:PXCPNLVF24DW4FJCHDTGHCIL6Q","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Chain of Thought Prompt Tuning in Vision Language Models","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"cs.CV","authors_text":"Hongyin Luo, Jiaxin Ge, Jie Fu, Shanghang Zhang, Siyuan Qian, Yulu Gan","submitted_at":"2023-04-16T23:59:25Z","abstract_excerpt":"Language-Image Pre-training has demonstrated promising results on zero-shot and few-shot downstream tasks by prompting visual models with natural language prompts. However, most recent studies only use a single prompt for tuning, neglecting the inherent step-to-step cognitive reasoning process that humans conduct in complex task settings, for example, when processing images from unfamiliar domains. Chain of Thought is a simple and effective approximation to human reasoning process and has been proven useful for natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Based on this cognitive intuition, we beli"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2304.07919","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2304.07919/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fboijDUVO4jsma4whulJpXTW2BFlUtVUtcMQ4rvUVDv5q5hmq9VyZRg0ooBm2h3oCEtBXespynuS4+fkWZ8TDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T07:36:04.399095Z"},"content_sha256":"5f653ebf7df3dc15477342110592e8b49fd1a2f2fa9a04b65baa7e611efde64c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5f653ebf7df3dc15477342110592e8b49fd1a2f2fa9a04b65baa7e611efde64c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PXCPNLVF24DW4FJCHDTGHCIL6Q/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/PXCPNLVF24DW4FJCHDTGHCIL6Q/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PXCPNLVF24DW4FJCHDTGHCIL6Q/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-18T07:36:04Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/PXCPNLVF24DW4FJCHDTGHCIL6Q","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/PXCPNLVF24DW4FJCHDTGHCIL6Q/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/PXCPNLVF24DW4FJCHDTGHCIL6Q/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/PXCPNLVF24DW4FJCHDTGHCIL6Q/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:PXCPNLVF24DW4FJCHDTGHCIL6Q","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c612b62b63c06d850997ae78f4ed3926af18f2804fc29d43ee392ee6e3a9cae2","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2023-04-16T23:59:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"fa8ced7cd38cb04773e639c0d32775d4747e4a789a2dc51c23c1dd74f3dd5ba6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2304.07919","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2304.07919","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2304.07919v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2304.07919","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"PXCPNLVF24DW","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"PXCPNLVF24DW4FJC","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"PXCPNLVF","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5f653ebf7df3dc15477342110592e8b49fd1a2f2fa9a04b65baa7e611efde64c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2304.07919/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Language-Image Pre-training has demonstrated promising results on zero-shot and few-shot downstream tasks by prompting visual models with natural language prompts. However, most recent studies only use a single prompt for tuning, neglecting the inherent step-to-step cognitive reasoning process that humans conduct in complex task settings, for example, when processing images from unfamiliar domains. Chain of Thought is a simple and effective approximation to human reasoning process and has been proven useful for natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Based on this cognitive intuition, we beli","authors_text":"Hongyin Luo, Jiaxin Ge, Jie Fu, Shanghang Zhang, Siyuan Qian, Yulu Gan","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2023-04-16T23:59:25Z","title":"Chain of Thought Prompt Tuning in Vision Language Models"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2304.07919","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:005c7c08e027f2d52c967c01138e08a0f2d8006efcea7d3b50617e2b24ff97aa","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c612b62b63c06d850997ae78f4ed3926af18f2804fc29d43ee392ee6e3a9cae2","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CV","submitted_at":"2023-04-16T23:59:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"fa8ced7cd38cb04773e639c0d32775d4747e4a789a2dc51c23c1dd74f3dd5ba6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2304.07919","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"7dc4f6aea5d7076e152238e663890bf40b3d861ffa448a90122915079938e618","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"7dc4f6aea5d7076e152238e663890bf40b3d861ffa448a90122915079938e618","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31.278457Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31.278457Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"CmoA9nz+fgyFuC1mM8b3eXZ/P25M8ajqgZpI2fCf5rrQpPdPwzqSmNJPQBc++O8aEOeUCGBOdiGGGqAALdE9Bg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:31.278916Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2304.07919","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:005c7c08e027f2d52c967c01138e08a0f2d8006efcea7d3b50617e2b24ff97aa","sha256:5f653ebf7df3dc15477342110592e8b49fd1a2f2fa9a04b65baa7e611efde64c"],"state_sha256":"616931103eeff370f1e429b3d0d40a96be779af02d6c3e9baf40e3c1171c5e15"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"3IoTToDCqpebpWX58pA6t6p8ETpf+OiFo7dK6M853AoZnj4nS8f9fmjP+s+K5z+NtN5MnAfPHW09nULAaojpDw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T07:36:04.404764Z","bundle_sha256":"b3eaad25157657c736decb116bc290cd312bced96e5145d6a139b52edad19ab5"}}