{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:Q5XNV6L27VE6IHJPRTIIKSECXC","short_pith_number":"pith:Q5XNV6L2","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2504.20742","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2025-04-29T13:24:24Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.ao-ph","physics.comp-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"adff78ada331b015532098ea5f44a31d8afdd225ca3ac986cfaffa6354f3c1bf","abstract_canon_sha256":"bc1a6a5821abab69c3d98c376b0b0e0760b14d168b3c5954fad0182477bc5ffe"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"876edaf97afd49e41d2f8cd0854882b89ffab9f8d409f8c97566c9d1bd66654b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2504.20742","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2504.20742","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2504.20742v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2504.20742","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Q5XNV6L27VE6","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Q5XNV6L27VE6IHJP","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Q5XNV6L2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:Q5XNV6L27VE6IHJPRTIIKSECXC","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2504.20742","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2025-04-29T13:24:24Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.ao-ph","physics.comp-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"adff78ada331b015532098ea5f44a31d8afdd225ca3ac986cfaffa6354f3c1bf","abstract_canon_sha256":"bc1a6a5821abab69c3d98c376b0b0e0760b14d168b3c5954fad0182477bc5ffe"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"876edaf97afd49e41d2f8cd0854882b89ffab9f8d409f8c97566c9d1bd66654b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48.019131Z","signature_b64":"bm6Y1qlAEMQkZn6Ni4KitFFWpIiLwt0GgxNPx2TtkLHT1o9bEhRXmsYgRlnhiOWopSfHohVQwAIC1+jSUY7ECg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"876edaf97afd49e41d2f8cd0854882b89ffab9f8d409f8c97566c9d1bd66654b","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48.018663Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48.018663Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2504.20742","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"cHPAiYaSLW28vHq2tMb48wqBu+sBTrs/CmRW2Ms37Z7AGTovFrPpINHkhdVF1QAhCM/Dy2NjZIiMsSECI2OVBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T22:12:55.595556Z"},"content_sha256":"59ca07d8a7d4825f43382d9c9a0b0c3846deb0422835f411130e7ed5c6e1c07b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:59ca07d8a7d4825f43382d9c9a0b0c3846deb0422835f411130e7ed5c6e1c07b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2025:Q5XNV6L27VE6IHJPRTIIKSECXC","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Non-Equilibrium Phase Changes in Aircraft Exhaust: A Computational Study on Early Contrail Formation","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.ao-ph","physics.comp-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"Andrew P. S. Wheeler, Katharina Tegethoff","submitted_at":"2025-04-29T13:24:24Z","abstract_excerpt":"A numerical framework is developed to model contrail formation in the near-field exhaust of aircraft engines, resolving non-equilibrium phase transitions in compressible, multi-component, non-ideal fluid flows. The approach combines well-established methods from steam turbine modeling for liquid-phase transitions with cloud microphysics models for ice formation. It resolves homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation, interphase momentum exchange, and polydispersed size distributions of droplets, ice crystals, and soot particles. These models are implemented in a parallelized finite-volume solver"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2504.20742","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2504.20742/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7HUDH3HIMffOwa7FZiMnYT3N+Ct01wESDGF+G6iC9lPYPyDN67cz2uRNpFqggYdvqvfALsBk49xIGCeYX+nuBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T22:12:55.596159Z"},"content_sha256":"0c30729ba24f60a7d21c7ccfe159dc3aa82ffc9046c7142de6eb6b63dcab80ad","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0c30729ba24f60a7d21c7ccfe159dc3aa82ffc9046c7142de6eb6b63dcab80ad"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Q5XNV6L27VE6IHJPRTIIKSECXC/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Q5XNV6L27VE6IHJPRTIIKSECXC/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Q5XNV6L27VE6IHJPRTIIKSECXC/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-16T22:12:55Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/Q5XNV6L27VE6IHJPRTIIKSECXC","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/Q5XNV6L27VE6IHJPRTIIKSECXC/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/Q5XNV6L27VE6IHJPRTIIKSECXC/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Q5XNV6L27VE6IHJPRTIIKSECXC/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:Q5XNV6L27VE6IHJPRTIIKSECXC","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bc1a6a5821abab69c3d98c376b0b0e0760b14d168b3c5954fad0182477bc5ffe","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.ao-ph","physics.comp-ph"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2025-04-29T13:24:24Z","title_canon_sha256":"adff78ada331b015532098ea5f44a31d8afdd225ca3ac986cfaffa6354f3c1bf"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2504.20742","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2504.20742","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2504.20742v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2504.20742","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Q5XNV6L27VE6","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Q5XNV6L27VE6IHJP","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Q5XNV6L2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0c30729ba24f60a7d21c7ccfe159dc3aa82ffc9046c7142de6eb6b63dcab80ad","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2504.20742/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"A numerical framework is developed to model contrail formation in the near-field exhaust of aircraft engines, resolving non-equilibrium phase transitions in compressible, multi-component, non-ideal fluid flows. The approach combines well-established methods from steam turbine modeling for liquid-phase transitions with cloud microphysics models for ice formation. It resolves homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation, interphase momentum exchange, and polydispersed size distributions of droplets, ice crystals, and soot particles. These models are implemented in a parallelized finite-volume solver","authors_text":"Andrew P. S. Wheeler, Katharina Tegethoff","cross_cats":["physics.ao-ph","physics.comp-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2025-04-29T13:24:24Z","title":"Non-Equilibrium Phase Changes in Aircraft Exhaust: A Computational Study on Early Contrail Formation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2504.20742","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:59ca07d8a7d4825f43382d9c9a0b0c3846deb0422835f411130e7ed5c6e1c07b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"bc1a6a5821abab69c3d98c376b0b0e0760b14d168b3c5954fad0182477bc5ffe","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.ao-ph","physics.comp-ph"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2025-04-29T13:24:24Z","title_canon_sha256":"adff78ada331b015532098ea5f44a31d8afdd225ca3ac986cfaffa6354f3c1bf"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2504.20742","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"876edaf97afd49e41d2f8cd0854882b89ffab9f8d409f8c97566c9d1bd66654b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"876edaf97afd49e41d2f8cd0854882b89ffab9f8d409f8c97566c9d1bd66654b","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48.018663Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48.018663Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"bm6Y1qlAEMQkZn6Ni4KitFFWpIiLwt0GgxNPx2TtkLHT1o9bEhRXmsYgRlnhiOWopSfHohVQwAIC1+jSUY7ECg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:55:48.019131Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2504.20742","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:59ca07d8a7d4825f43382d9c9a0b0c3846deb0422835f411130e7ed5c6e1c07b","sha256:0c30729ba24f60a7d21c7ccfe159dc3aa82ffc9046c7142de6eb6b63dcab80ad"],"state_sha256":"ecbf6dd312f6012dd2f363cfb0ab5ffb90a8e00bde79be82c8fba66bafded280"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"3xPv9gmD+NOyrzx6Y3OLf5gpNIvy1SPjd0+4jqyRbqSMMBnxiq9lM/YiTT2UUwpQJwRlOfuyAi43nLFl4hVfDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T22:12:55.599926Z","bundle_sha256":"ed8e7895c06bc6d52f5c641880891ab5c1a563081c7347c890495fc71f26b392"}}