{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:Q67FBNJA3VT2NMNRDUKQDSL3AZ","short_pith_number":"pith:Q67FBNJA","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1503.02271","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.CO","submitted_at":"2015-03-08T12:51:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6548085cbb9669b3b2195073df8b43307594449e6959816726270c7f0b84cbb9","abstract_canon_sha256":"b0343c2dace23b42410c8e8780d393bf02dc6c97ed6d77b8e13d9c45940fab49"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"87be50b520dd67a6b1b11d1501c97b0661883e8d110efb288b2500273639f4d6","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1503.02271","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1503.02271","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1503.02271v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1503.02271","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Q67FBNJA3VT2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Q67FBNJA3VT2NMNR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Q67FBNJA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:37Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:Q67FBNJA3VT2NMNRDUKQDSL3AZ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1503.02271","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.CO","submitted_at":"2015-03-08T12:51:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6548085cbb9669b3b2195073df8b43307594449e6959816726270c7f0b84cbb9","abstract_canon_sha256":"b0343c2dace23b42410c8e8780d393bf02dc6c97ed6d77b8e13d9c45940fab49"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"87be50b520dd67a6b1b11d1501c97b0661883e8d110efb288b2500273639f4d6","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:38.806140Z","signature_b64":"WVaPtXYj67jK9CLGVmyXPOEFTjUmTVHmzEwMTNwHlp0Kz/jXJ9/S+1f+1TzubiD5d38vPk6+mvfAXHEGpZXUAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"87be50b520dd67a6b1b11d1501c97b0661883e8d110efb288b2500273639f4d6","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:38.805622Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:38.805622Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1503.02271","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Op313cHbHB5YXUreioI4Nn4fEOrXLPAiAvejvJj7o7yABzrxJJcMduiZdjwLKzcb1nja5YvWJhVmjdtyFhq6AA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-03T07:58:21.354392Z"},"content_sha256":"eae7361eb48cfdec591cf26434e79c2a6668ae15c3fc278f5e6bdec410ec09c6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:eae7361eb48cfdec591cf26434e79c2a6668ae15c3fc278f5e6bdec410ec09c6"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:Q67FBNJA3VT2NMNRDUKQDSL3AZ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"label.switching: An R Package for Dealing with the Label Switching Problem in MCMC Outputs","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"stat.CO","authors_text":"Panagiotis Papastamoulis","submitted_at":"2015-03-08T12:51:48Z","abstract_excerpt":"Label switching is a well-known and fundamental problem in Bayesian estimation of mixture or hidden Markov models. In case that the prior distribution of the model parameters is the same for all states, then both the likelihood and posterior distribution are invariant to permutations of the parameters. This property makes Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) samples simulated from the posterior distribution non-identifiable. In this paper, the \\pkg{label.switching} package is introduced. It contains one probabilistic and seven deterministic relabelling algorithms in order to post-process a given MC"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1503.02271","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"rOBmlqqUZwkmEFHgE7B1eHm20iwtG6UnHQi/bm1WI39uNM05xm6GcYTDzyQ3iSM3TTJ9RMqSBRBaYHKMd0cmBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-03T07:58:21.354742Z"},"content_sha256":"7ee1e60276e6da49117590c11dfd7830e62f053be27db19f8fdde4aa59d8fdaa","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7ee1e60276e6da49117590c11dfd7830e62f053be27db19f8fdde4aa59d8fdaa"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Q67FBNJA3VT2NMNRDUKQDSL3AZ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/Q67FBNJA3VT2NMNRDUKQDSL3AZ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Q67FBNJA3VT2NMNRDUKQDSL3AZ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-03T07:58:21Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/Q67FBNJA3VT2NMNRDUKQDSL3AZ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/Q67FBNJA3VT2NMNRDUKQDSL3AZ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/Q67FBNJA3VT2NMNRDUKQDSL3AZ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/Q67FBNJA3VT2NMNRDUKQDSL3AZ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:Q67FBNJA3VT2NMNRDUKQDSL3AZ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b0343c2dace23b42410c8e8780d393bf02dc6c97ed6d77b8e13d9c45940fab49","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.CO","submitted_at":"2015-03-08T12:51:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"6548085cbb9669b3b2195073df8b43307594449e6959816726270c7f0b84cbb9"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1503.02271","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1503.02271","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1503.02271v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1503.02271","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"Q67FBNJA3VT2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"Q67FBNJA3VT2NMNR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"Q67FBNJA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:37Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7ee1e60276e6da49117590c11dfd7830e62f053be27db19f8fdde4aa59d8fdaa","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Label switching is a well-known and fundamental problem in Bayesian estimation of mixture or hidden Markov models. In case that the prior distribution of the model parameters is the same for all states, then both the likelihood and posterior distribution are invariant to permutations of the parameters. This property makes Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) samples simulated from the posterior distribution non-identifiable. In this paper, the \\pkg{label.switching} package is introduced. It contains one probabilistic and seven deterministic relabelling algorithms in order to post-process a given MC","authors_text":"Panagiotis Papastamoulis","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.CO","submitted_at":"2015-03-08T12:51:48Z","title":"label.switching: An R Package for Dealing with the Label Switching Problem in MCMC Outputs"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1503.02271","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:eae7361eb48cfdec591cf26434e79c2a6668ae15c3fc278f5e6bdec410ec09c6","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b0343c2dace23b42410c8e8780d393bf02dc6c97ed6d77b8e13d9c45940fab49","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.CO","submitted_at":"2015-03-08T12:51:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"6548085cbb9669b3b2195073df8b43307594449e6959816726270c7f0b84cbb9"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1503.02271","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"87be50b520dd67a6b1b11d1501c97b0661883e8d110efb288b2500273639f4d6","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"87be50b520dd67a6b1b11d1501c97b0661883e8d110efb288b2500273639f4d6","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:38.805622Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:38.805622Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"WVaPtXYj67jK9CLGVmyXPOEFTjUmTVHmzEwMTNwHlp0Kz/jXJ9/S+1f+1TzubiD5d38vPk6+mvfAXHEGpZXUAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:19:38.806140Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1503.02271","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:eae7361eb48cfdec591cf26434e79c2a6668ae15c3fc278f5e6bdec410ec09c6","sha256:7ee1e60276e6da49117590c11dfd7830e62f053be27db19f8fdde4aa59d8fdaa"],"state_sha256":"62b63d61bacb5d418edc01523921b2780963298e5eca8ec180c272f69fb229f3"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"IVsBkFLxoLZUKJCKJ4AhncpEWehFRK4sxZldmhMFEIKsBCi1SnWlvyEoyuOcf5avCSHg7LjqdKVh4YXK+r6pAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-03T07:58:21.356659Z","bundle_sha256":"1c58d28e874a8691263a124aff6f16f71c41895b65cc2a552224a381e2583112"}}