{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:QEVKJ7KDCY4KEC42VIQRXPH5AB","short_pith_number":"pith:QEVKJ7KD","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1908.09805","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2019-08-26T17:23:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"title_canon_sha256":"7ee16e603066745a2135a8ad9824e7f2879d4e341602574e07c8ee570b99494b","abstract_canon_sha256":"847dbdee2b6b8dd969365d223986b04ff2656c58578435c3f71062b4f1e49b94"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"812aa4fd431638a20b9aaa211bbcfd006a162477d199735bc9dec19eeb5268a9","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1908.09805","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1908.09805","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1908.09805v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1908.09805","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QEVKJ7KDCY4K","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QEVKJ7KDCY4KEC42","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QEVKJ7KD","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:QEVKJ7KDCY4KEC42VIQRXPH5AB","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1908.09805","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2019-08-26T17:23:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"title_canon_sha256":"7ee16e603066745a2135a8ad9824e7f2879d4e341602574e07c8ee570b99494b","abstract_canon_sha256":"847dbdee2b6b8dd969365d223986b04ff2656c58578435c3f71062b4f1e49b94"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"812aa4fd431638a20b9aaa211bbcfd006a162477d199735bc9dec19eeb5268a9","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32.234081Z","signature_b64":"+6rDBRxnfbtC03640THk7GxrVD5pegRRutLYoEWmfeWGRgFfSSKFIyFpssxAIfH+w+0MVvODWRZWMhV2fVlFCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"812aa4fd431638a20b9aaa211bbcfd006a162477d199735bc9dec19eeb5268a9","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32.233695Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32.233695Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1908.09805","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"G7qcy0ZC+QUkebRwVmwzD0c2G80JnLaMsxdnSxnkShmLdhKCrUy6aJliowjLqRO3e+AMagLWmarz+NjJ+xnTAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T23:38:38.442137Z"},"content_sha256":"39a6723097fe40465a39d63aaf11bde1f6e0f8c3e3ca0b99442e9346b723f354","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:39a6723097fe40465a39d63aaf11bde1f6e0f8c3e3ca0b99442e9346b723f354"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:QEVKJ7KDCY4KEC42VIQRXPH5AB","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Limitations of Stylometry for Detecting Machine-Generated Fake News","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CY"],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Darsh J Shah, Regina Barzilay, Roei Schuster, Tal Schuster","submitted_at":"2019-08-26T17:23:22Z","abstract_excerpt":"Recent developments in neural language models (LMs) have raised concerns about their potential misuse for automatically spreading misinformation. In light of these concerns, several studies have proposed to detect machine-generated fake news by capturing their stylistic differences from human-written text. These approaches, broadly termed stylometry, have found success in source attribution and misinformation detection in human-written texts. However, in this work, we show that stylometry is limited against machine-generated misinformation. While humans speak differently when trying to deceive"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1908.09805","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1908.09805/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"aAfXp47dCUzjDzh1JHudflQ+NwLSfom3e8qT7mybxq/xIdUIYibdYH+stl5voxBakJ/K79M73c/IHTtiXLa1AQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T23:38:38.442638Z"},"content_sha256":"99c2e84804db72998b446d93d073f96104d55228764da48053ae292b48306339","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:99c2e84804db72998b446d93d073f96104d55228764da48053ae292b48306339"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QEVKJ7KDCY4KEC42VIQRXPH5AB/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QEVKJ7KDCY4KEC42VIQRXPH5AB/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QEVKJ7KDCY4KEC42VIQRXPH5AB/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-15T23:38:38Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/QEVKJ7KDCY4KEC42VIQRXPH5AB","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/QEVKJ7KDCY4KEC42VIQRXPH5AB/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/QEVKJ7KDCY4KEC42VIQRXPH5AB/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QEVKJ7KDCY4KEC42VIQRXPH5AB/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:QEVKJ7KDCY4KEC42VIQRXPH5AB","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"847dbdee2b6b8dd969365d223986b04ff2656c58578435c3f71062b4f1e49b94","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2019-08-26T17:23:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"7ee16e603066745a2135a8ad9824e7f2879d4e341602574e07c8ee570b99494b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1908.09805","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1908.09805","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1908.09805v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1908.09805","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QEVKJ7KDCY4K","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QEVKJ7KDCY4KEC42","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QEVKJ7KD","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:99c2e84804db72998b446d93d073f96104d55228764da48053ae292b48306339","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1908.09805/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Recent developments in neural language models (LMs) have raised concerns about their potential misuse for automatically spreading misinformation. In light of these concerns, several studies have proposed to detect machine-generated fake news by capturing their stylistic differences from human-written text. These approaches, broadly termed stylometry, have found success in source attribution and misinformation detection in human-written texts. However, in this work, we show that stylometry is limited against machine-generated misinformation. While humans speak differently when trying to deceive","authors_text":"Darsh J Shah, Regina Barzilay, Roei Schuster, Tal Schuster","cross_cats":["cs.CY"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2019-08-26T17:23:22Z","title":"The Limitations of Stylometry for Detecting Machine-Generated Fake News"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1908.09805","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:39a6723097fe40465a39d63aaf11bde1f6e0f8c3e3ca0b99442e9346b723f354","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"847dbdee2b6b8dd969365d223986b04ff2656c58578435c3f71062b4f1e49b94","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CY"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2019-08-26T17:23:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"7ee16e603066745a2135a8ad9824e7f2879d4e341602574e07c8ee570b99494b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1908.09805","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"812aa4fd431638a20b9aaa211bbcfd006a162477d199735bc9dec19eeb5268a9","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"812aa4fd431638a20b9aaa211bbcfd006a162477d199735bc9dec19eeb5268a9","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32.233695Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32.233695Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"+6rDBRxnfbtC03640THk7GxrVD5pegRRutLYoEWmfeWGRgFfSSKFIyFpssxAIfH+w+0MVvODWRZWMhV2fVlFCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:42:32.234081Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1908.09805","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:39a6723097fe40465a39d63aaf11bde1f6e0f8c3e3ca0b99442e9346b723f354","sha256:99c2e84804db72998b446d93d073f96104d55228764da48053ae292b48306339"],"state_sha256":"b44ad779b8c0c0a880e65f22b62071a6bda0dbb2ea53c32e64ca0172bd7a12b2"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jHhwjOflhquOv4bJ4Eh0liaURe2g5NINEkt/G28u82DifI/CVLHAavdhRnI3HyV/i9cWeDiav7wi12zX34REBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T23:38:38.446283Z","bundle_sha256":"630e5b7a03716fa0ec9ab050e6a6b19e6e9415a0202e0bb87167e9a82b051f8e"}}