{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2008:QIQQPP2P2H665CZDLHWNXA7HG6","short_pith_number":"pith:QIQQPP2P","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0802.4094","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2008-02-27T21:34:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b70db1e0ff16e984f057fce80ee16b37d326474a07c069d22b4a91e9d30b1d6f","abstract_canon_sha256":"46f1bdf8fcf28b2545e5ac2863ad8eb2c8e4a4e4f4a3bc1b2609f786c36ddd44"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"822107bf4fd1fdee8b2359ecdb83e737acbf314c94301c8c4149e367326e1a2c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"0802.4094","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0802.4094","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:23:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0802.4094v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:23:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0802.4094","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:23:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QIQQPP2P2H66","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QIQQPP2P2H665CZD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QIQQPP2P","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:57Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2008:QIQQPP2P2H665CZDLHWNXA7HG6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0802.4094","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2008-02-27T21:34:01Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b70db1e0ff16e984f057fce80ee16b37d326474a07c069d22b4a91e9d30b1d6f","abstract_canon_sha256":"46f1bdf8fcf28b2545e5ac2863ad8eb2c8e4a4e4f4a3bc1b2609f786c36ddd44"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"822107bf4fd1fdee8b2359ecdb83e737acbf314c94301c8c4149e367326e1a2c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:23:10.840638Z","signature_b64":"myI8mJ1hL8p17D/AZ68AtWcYZzjAWJf5Fk2LjPmV5gdZMMNfx3VBkQnIUbIlndnSxqYyYE/6TJOQkJoZ+g0zCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"822107bf4fd1fdee8b2359ecdb83e737acbf314c94301c8c4149e367326e1a2c","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:23:10.840220Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:23:10.840220Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"0802.4094","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:23:10Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"AByJbBXGVM6nj/BmHaFI41hYXCwFdH7hoMTX4CTDBkDyrkM9U6r6puhW71hrhcowBzxnVFGaql5A/adLP+VLAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T23:02:51.865509Z"},"content_sha256":"ba5f1dbb3df0cdac346b3d972a4d7cb8b2936a2c5840829b3f10758f10cd68c4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ba5f1dbb3df0cdac346b3d972a4d7cb8b2936a2c5840829b3f10758f10cd68c4"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2008:QIQQPP2P2H665CZDLHWNXA7HG6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Confirmation of the remarkable compactness of massive quiescent galaxies at z~2.3: early-type galaxies did not form in a simple monolithic collapse","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"Bradford Holden, Daniel Magee, Danilo Marchesini, Edward Taylor, Garth Illingworth, Greg Rudnick, Marijn Franx, Mariska Kriek, Pieter van Dokkum, Ryan Quadri, Rychard Bouwens, Sune Toft","submitted_at":"2008-02-27T21:34:01Z","abstract_excerpt":"Using deep near-infrared spectroscopy Kriek et al. (2006) found that ~45% of massive galaxies at z~2.3 have evolved stellar populations and little or no ongoing star formation. Here we determine the sizes of these quiescent galaxies using deep, high-resolution images obtained with HST/NIC2 and laser guide star-assisted Keck/AO. Considering that their median stellar mass is 1.7x10^11 Solar masses the galaxies are remarkably small, with a median effective radius of 0.9 kpc. Galaxies of similar mass in the nearby Universe have sizes of ~5 kpc and average stellar densities which are two orders of "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0802.4094","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:23:10Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ef1hCjx+mbVs446wJ7c3RVQqm7B2YALRLHBnXuJHzu/cBemaO46BOn3TmHJXpUImdsHonlKPw73e4vIpNF3ABg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T23:02:51.866181Z"},"content_sha256":"bf9398a4253b824f02f546b74de3c952d2a92ba0090d2e74c6e95a7f5630a9c7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:bf9398a4253b824f02f546b74de3c952d2a92ba0090d2e74c6e95a7f5630a9c7"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QIQQPP2P2H665CZDLHWNXA7HG6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QIQQPP2P2H665CZDLHWNXA7HG6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QIQQPP2P2H665CZDLHWNXA7HG6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T23:02:51Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/QIQQPP2P2H665CZDLHWNXA7HG6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/QIQQPP2P2H665CZDLHWNXA7HG6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/QIQQPP2P2H665CZDLHWNXA7HG6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QIQQPP2P2H665CZDLHWNXA7HG6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2008:QIQQPP2P2H665CZDLHWNXA7HG6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"46f1bdf8fcf28b2545e5ac2863ad8eb2c8e4a4e4f4a3bc1b2609f786c36ddd44","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2008-02-27T21:34:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"b70db1e0ff16e984f057fce80ee16b37d326474a07c069d22b4a91e9d30b1d6f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0802.4094","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0802.4094","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:23:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0802.4094v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:23:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0802.4094","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:23:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QIQQPP2P2H66","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QIQQPP2P2H665CZD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:57Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QIQQPP2P","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:57Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:bf9398a4253b824f02f546b74de3c952d2a92ba0090d2e74c6e95a7f5630a9c7","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:23:10Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Using deep near-infrared spectroscopy Kriek et al. (2006) found that ~45% of massive galaxies at z~2.3 have evolved stellar populations and little or no ongoing star formation. Here we determine the sizes of these quiescent galaxies using deep, high-resolution images obtained with HST/NIC2 and laser guide star-assisted Keck/AO. Considering that their median stellar mass is 1.7x10^11 Solar masses the galaxies are remarkably small, with a median effective radius of 0.9 kpc. Galaxies of similar mass in the nearby Universe have sizes of ~5 kpc and average stellar densities which are two orders of ","authors_text":"Bradford Holden, Daniel Magee, Danilo Marchesini, Edward Taylor, Garth Illingworth, Greg Rudnick, Marijn Franx, Mariska Kriek, Pieter van Dokkum, Ryan Quadri, Rychard Bouwens, Sune Toft","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2008-02-27T21:34:01Z","title":"Confirmation of the remarkable compactness of massive quiescent galaxies at z~2.3: early-type galaxies did not form in a simple monolithic collapse"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0802.4094","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ba5f1dbb3df0cdac346b3d972a4d7cb8b2936a2c5840829b3f10758f10cd68c4","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:23:10Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"46f1bdf8fcf28b2545e5ac2863ad8eb2c8e4a4e4f4a3bc1b2609f786c36ddd44","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"2008-02-27T21:34:01Z","title_canon_sha256":"b70db1e0ff16e984f057fce80ee16b37d326474a07c069d22b4a91e9d30b1d6f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0802.4094","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"822107bf4fd1fdee8b2359ecdb83e737acbf314c94301c8c4149e367326e1a2c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"822107bf4fd1fdee8b2359ecdb83e737acbf314c94301c8c4149e367326e1a2c","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:23:10.840220Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:23:10.840220Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"myI8mJ1hL8p17D/AZ68AtWcYZzjAWJf5Fk2LjPmV5gdZMMNfx3VBkQnIUbIlndnSxqYyYE/6TJOQkJoZ+g0zCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:23:10.840638Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"0802.4094","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ba5f1dbb3df0cdac346b3d972a4d7cb8b2936a2c5840829b3f10758f10cd68c4","sha256:bf9398a4253b824f02f546b74de3c952d2a92ba0090d2e74c6e95a7f5630a9c7"],"state_sha256":"673dfa3150d384f72f2b23079bab33ba2bd17f1fc0f9d55c86cc93433c1a4236"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Qe0NFC1wk7ic73kp/mmOFDF4wNGrPm7vL2jfXCRF64CUS8d/RtIyuUeVqztJDJUjKxZ/KkTEh6Uk9Y/1dQHaCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T23:02:51.869397Z","bundle_sha256":"983fd3b3be72352512b973b61b9e03281c3630eb48a54ef332cb8ee7152ec0fa"}}