{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:QVGBBUWN67YSANLFCWI7ZBZWBW","short_pith_number":"pith:QVGBBUWN","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1602.02804","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2016-02-08T22:14:57Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"0fc3de4235f74096200fe0b1639eef88b50cd9806e0e33bb3327a0058a85f045","abstract_canon_sha256":"02a078369a6b95499f746040744f824ac938a51f0565f7b5cc225d9c652dcf6a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"854c10d2cdf7f12035651591fc87360d85bb27bb2dea3637811a32ff7d26f95f","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1602.02804","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1602.02804","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1602.02804v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1602.02804","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QVGBBUWN67YS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QVGBBUWN67YSANLF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QVGBBUWN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:41Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:QVGBBUWN67YSANLFCWI7ZBZWBW","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1602.02804","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2016-02-08T22:14:57Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"title_canon_sha256":"0fc3de4235f74096200fe0b1639eef88b50cd9806e0e33bb3327a0058a85f045","abstract_canon_sha256":"02a078369a6b95499f746040744f824ac938a51f0565f7b5cc225d9c652dcf6a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"854c10d2cdf7f12035651591fc87360d85bb27bb2dea3637811a32ff7d26f95f","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:41.578593Z","signature_b64":"TeM0Q8SuoyKwqSvTB4eik/uIox1yKhsph5BAtPi2YBKa+9zw0+odCK6M4pWC10o86G7DfiHPOza6lw4bptZtBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"854c10d2cdf7f12035651591fc87360d85bb27bb2dea3637811a32ff7d26f95f","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:41.577486Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:41.577486Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1602.02804","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"uP6SbmvtKLjzRpSAYaBudTsAmHPQXzGET/VvRZTLAvewzdQndsY1zleH9aP3mjKKej6gb3wbEm021qrL39vqAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T02:14:43.018612Z"},"content_sha256":"0bbda7d82839ddcbb420aa65506d0201926a51818c6ff84c9bd46377b9b4c00a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0bbda7d82839ddcbb420aa65506d0201926a51818c6ff84c9bd46377b9b4c00a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:QVGBBUWN67YSANLFCWI7ZBZWBW","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Baryonic Effect on the Merger Timescale of Galaxy Clusters","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Congyao Zhang (KIAA), Qingjuan Yu (KIAA), Youjun Lu (NAOC)","submitted_at":"2016-02-08T22:14:57Z","abstract_excerpt":"Accurate estimation of the merger timescale of galaxy clusters is important to understand the cluster merger process and further the formation and evolution of the large-scale structure of the universe. In this paper, we explore a baryonic effect on the merger timescale of galaxy clusters by using hydrodynamical simulations. We find that the baryons play an important role in accelerating the merger process. The merger timescale decreases with increasing the gas fraction of galaxy clusters. For example, the merger timescale is shortened by a factor of up to 3 for merging clusters with gas fract"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1602.02804","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"MZ3R2HKlmL4Jp5e0L4PwlfzoCDyQeTEdpISaG5mpnY7iKB7v1ZiaxLZNpu9oszuAmODJY6LBOasqBUai9sHDCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T02:14:43.018947Z"},"content_sha256":"ab0952302b4cc0eb4ac639577b57cccd4729e358f8c7ab4357a410005bd76a0f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ab0952302b4cc0eb4ac639577b57cccd4729e358f8c7ab4357a410005bd76a0f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QVGBBUWN67YSANLFCWI7ZBZWBW/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QVGBBUWN67YSANLFCWI7ZBZWBW/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QVGBBUWN67YSANLFCWI7ZBZWBW/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-27T02:14:43Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/QVGBBUWN67YSANLFCWI7ZBZWBW","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/QVGBBUWN67YSANLFCWI7ZBZWBW/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/QVGBBUWN67YSANLFCWI7ZBZWBW/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QVGBBUWN67YSANLFCWI7ZBZWBW/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:QVGBBUWN67YSANLFCWI7ZBZWBW","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"02a078369a6b95499f746040744f824ac938a51f0565f7b5cc225d9c652dcf6a","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2016-02-08T22:14:57Z","title_canon_sha256":"0fc3de4235f74096200fe0b1639eef88b50cd9806e0e33bb3327a0058a85f045"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1602.02804","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1602.02804","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1602.02804v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1602.02804","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QVGBBUWN67YS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QVGBBUWN67YSANLF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QVGBBUWN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:41Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:ab0952302b4cc0eb4ac639577b57cccd4729e358f8c7ab4357a410005bd76a0f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Accurate estimation of the merger timescale of galaxy clusters is important to understand the cluster merger process and further the formation and evolution of the large-scale structure of the universe. In this paper, we explore a baryonic effect on the merger timescale of galaxy clusters by using hydrodynamical simulations. We find that the baryons play an important role in accelerating the merger process. The merger timescale decreases with increasing the gas fraction of galaxy clusters. For example, the merger timescale is shortened by a factor of up to 3 for merging clusters with gas fract","authors_text":"Congyao Zhang (KIAA), Qingjuan Yu (KIAA), Youjun Lu (NAOC)","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2016-02-08T22:14:57Z","title":"A Baryonic Effect on the Merger Timescale of Galaxy Clusters"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1602.02804","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0bbda7d82839ddcbb420aa65506d0201926a51818c6ff84c9bd46377b9b4c00a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"02a078369a6b95499f746040744f824ac938a51f0565f7b5cc225d9c652dcf6a","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2016-02-08T22:14:57Z","title_canon_sha256":"0fc3de4235f74096200fe0b1639eef88b50cd9806e0e33bb3327a0058a85f045"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1602.02804","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"854c10d2cdf7f12035651591fc87360d85bb27bb2dea3637811a32ff7d26f95f","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"854c10d2cdf7f12035651591fc87360d85bb27bb2dea3637811a32ff7d26f95f","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:41.577486Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:41.577486Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"TeM0Q8SuoyKwqSvTB4eik/uIox1yKhsph5BAtPi2YBKa+9zw0+odCK6M4pWC10o86G7DfiHPOza6lw4bptZtBg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:41.578593Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1602.02804","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0bbda7d82839ddcbb420aa65506d0201926a51818c6ff84c9bd46377b9b4c00a","sha256:ab0952302b4cc0eb4ac639577b57cccd4729e358f8c7ab4357a410005bd76a0f"],"state_sha256":"9f17de1656f7fea4140023fc04eace14c49da67613d1e7e656eaa2827748d829"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"gO4DoQbI1+U8qqe96MM8FfgOcow+rgJjBCiE7A37XH7Npy5IkUnakymLWSUlP3wZoRjuuFzjfk0ijUPFb3lWDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T02:14:43.020749Z","bundle_sha256":"3bb6876b87734dafab5afa5260c4109b5bbcdcd11f0fbd8d82e0b80b63cc0134"}}