{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:QZDTRSS7RDTVDQU6ZEXUE3C4YZ","short_pith_number":"pith:QZDTRSS7","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2606.17413","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2026-06-16T01:49:50Z","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.AP"],"title_canon_sha256":"07dd6d01e364f7e24ea84ff76aeca78f30f394c64b3ab59acad8ea25cda4e4a4","abstract_canon_sha256":"deda71db8ed470f6b47a4a5ff8b4fa947d4f0ac8a134e710aa1e14d483ffba95"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"864738ca5f88e751c29ec92f426c5cc66fb3a98f8bd0f1b1b13a236cb87da90c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2606.17413","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2606.17413","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2606.17413v1","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2606.17413","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QZDTRSS7RDTV","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QZDTRSS7RDTVDQU6","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QZDTRSS7","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:QZDTRSS7RDTVDQU6ZEXUE3C4YZ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2606.17413","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2026-06-16T01:49:50Z","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.AP"],"title_canon_sha256":"07dd6d01e364f7e24ea84ff76aeca78f30f394c64b3ab59acad8ea25cda4e4a4","abstract_canon_sha256":"deda71db8ed470f6b47a4a5ff8b4fa947d4f0ac8a134e710aa1e14d483ffba95"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"864738ca5f88e751c29ec92f426c5cc66fb3a98f8bd0f1b1b13a236cb87da90c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12.204531Z","signature_b64":"OD+Cjc8K7aF00pEdWOShOFY1598MmGoIJbPV0fe1OuosxG9VpSBVPCo7eRwbl9i9yroxb5j4H8xW5ay1h9NvAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"864738ca5f88e751c29ec92f426c5cc66fb3a98f8bd0f1b1b13a236cb87da90c","last_reissued_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12.204171Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12.204171Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2606.17413","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ijkxu8LZqYjdU7MGojACjq1VZfjddGWkI68n749f5WVafM6Nt+ixQppklCFrIZvSl7QrcaME1NmHAS3UbU9nAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T08:32:29.740366Z"},"content_sha256":"8f05ecfd533417c0a73b25f58a7aa72b51a12c50bdd938c7cff382fc85456197","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8f05ecfd533417c0a73b25f58a7aa72b51a12c50bdd938c7cff382fc85456197"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:QZDTRSS7RDTVDQU6ZEXUE3C4YZ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Amortized Probabilistic Retrieval of Atmospheric CO2 from OCO-2 Spectra Using Deep Learning with Laplace Approximations and Normalizing Flows","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["stat.AP"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Alejandro Calle-Saldarriaga, Felix Jimenez, Jack Grosskreuz, Jiazheng Wang, Jonathan Hobbs, Matthias Katzfuss","submitted_at":"2026-06-16T01:49:50Z","abstract_excerpt":"Space-based monitoring of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is essential for constraining the global carbon budget. NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) estimates column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of CO2 (XCO2) using high-resolution spectra. However, current operational retrieval algorithms are computationally expensive and do not properly quantify uncertainties. We present a novel deep learning framework that addresses these challenges. Due to the difficulties of ground-truth data for real satellite observations, we develop and validate our approach using a high-fidelity simulatio"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2606.17413","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2606.17413/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"1spYvecD2Vx3zzIj4dgCLD1Hz8YXbgzVOEzQ1gYZi43M1SdrUH9JCrR7YG9EUv1t4liVQrhH+t1njzkR6JQFBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T08:32:29.740751Z"},"content_sha256":"d5e0a8863521ca1ca2bc8923c841c0fd5c22ef10d59efebb6920a598f77e5825","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d5e0a8863521ca1ca2bc8923c841c0fd5c22ef10d59efebb6920a598f77e5825"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QZDTRSS7RDTVDQU6ZEXUE3C4YZ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/QZDTRSS7RDTVDQU6ZEXUE3C4YZ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QZDTRSS7RDTVDQU6ZEXUE3C4YZ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-27T08:32:29Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/QZDTRSS7RDTVDQU6ZEXUE3C4YZ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/QZDTRSS7RDTVDQU6ZEXUE3C4YZ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/QZDTRSS7RDTVDQU6ZEXUE3C4YZ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/QZDTRSS7RDTVDQU6ZEXUE3C4YZ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:QZDTRSS7RDTVDQU6ZEXUE3C4YZ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"deda71db8ed470f6b47a4a5ff8b4fa947d4f0ac8a134e710aa1e14d483ffba95","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.AP"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2026-06-16T01:49:50Z","title_canon_sha256":"07dd6d01e364f7e24ea84ff76aeca78f30f394c64b3ab59acad8ea25cda4e4a4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2606.17413","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2606.17413","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2606.17413v1","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2606.17413","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"QZDTRSS7RDTV","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"QZDTRSS7RDTVDQU6","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"QZDTRSS7","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d5e0a8863521ca1ca2bc8923c841c0fd5c22ef10d59efebb6920a598f77e5825","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2606.17413/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Space-based monitoring of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is essential for constraining the global carbon budget. NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) estimates column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of CO2 (XCO2) using high-resolution spectra. However, current operational retrieval algorithms are computationally expensive and do not properly quantify uncertainties. We present a novel deep learning framework that addresses these challenges. Due to the difficulties of ground-truth data for real satellite observations, we develop and validate our approach using a high-fidelity simulatio","authors_text":"Alejandro Calle-Saldarriaga, Felix Jimenez, Jack Grosskreuz, Jiazheng Wang, Jonathan Hobbs, Matthias Katzfuss","cross_cats":["stat.AP"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2026-06-16T01:49:50Z","title":"Amortized Probabilistic Retrieval of Atmospheric CO2 from OCO-2 Spectra Using Deep Learning with Laplace Approximations and Normalizing Flows"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2606.17413","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8f05ecfd533417c0a73b25f58a7aa72b51a12c50bdd938c7cff382fc85456197","target":"record","created_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"deda71db8ed470f6b47a4a5ff8b4fa947d4f0ac8a134e710aa1e14d483ffba95","cross_cats_sorted":["stat.AP"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2026-06-16T01:49:50Z","title_canon_sha256":"07dd6d01e364f7e24ea84ff76aeca78f30f394c64b3ab59acad8ea25cda4e4a4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2606.17413","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"864738ca5f88e751c29ec92f426c5cc66fb3a98f8bd0f1b1b13a236cb87da90c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"864738ca5f88e751c29ec92f426c5cc66fb3a98f8bd0f1b1b13a236cb87da90c","first_computed_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12.204171Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12.204171Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"OD+Cjc8K7aF00pEdWOShOFY1598MmGoIJbPV0fe1OuosxG9VpSBVPCo7eRwbl9i9yroxb5j4H8xW5ay1h9NvAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-06-19T16:10:12.204531Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2606.17413","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8f05ecfd533417c0a73b25f58a7aa72b51a12c50bdd938c7cff382fc85456197","sha256:d5e0a8863521ca1ca2bc8923c841c0fd5c22ef10d59efebb6920a598f77e5825"],"state_sha256":"6943efb1aace0e3a9065fa124dc6dedc6e1f7f043dae6371bfe70df66480c78c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CWeQ/8WbrJHguVm6oKsgthHgcwF7NozOxCTDzUrUvnZTdR3y4VZyo3gSz0W4gti3B1fdo6xDM/nm+ocPF4+aCw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T08:32:29.742857Z","bundle_sha256":"ccadabb37fb139aa5ab318f446c35057a364b4a24e057ba71d2fc0108020dffb"}}