{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:RN5EII37M3MOXTZ6KWOLLPTE5J","short_pith_number":"pith:RN5EII37","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0901.1107","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2009-01-08T20:28:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"8213e588f3fbda55868f51632a605d0d362a955331d23da7595a34ccb1381ac3","abstract_canon_sha256":"e1d69f362ad696d1e63117f8f8006efa1c4f1eaeee64a8a39459df807e8ff397"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8b7a44237f66d8ebcf3e559cb5be64ea7bed006b52dccfbb15de2c241b352dca","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"0901.1107","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0901.1107","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:15:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0901.1107v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:15:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0901.1107","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:15:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RN5EII37M3MO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RN5EII37M3MOXTZ6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RN5EII37","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:01Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:RN5EII37M3MOXTZ6KWOLLPTE5J","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0901.1107","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2009-01-08T20:28:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"8213e588f3fbda55868f51632a605d0d362a955331d23da7595a34ccb1381ac3","abstract_canon_sha256":"e1d69f362ad696d1e63117f8f8006efa1c4f1eaeee64a8a39459df807e8ff397"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"8b7a44237f66d8ebcf3e559cb5be64ea7bed006b52dccfbb15de2c241b352dca","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:15:02.892393Z","signature_b64":"3tVEkYzW/I116EzQaPGbbhKps1kOwr9Qpsn5zgC6Kjs0zXoci1zY69N/3/iqmPgUJDOrtl/4lIBz7C2SCJSVAg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"8b7a44237f66d8ebcf3e559cb5be64ea7bed006b52dccfbb15de2c241b352dca","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:15:02.891964Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:15:02.891964Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"0901.1107","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:15:02Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ZmFBMY2YS5z7gmVxaof9NMqXzGppMMWofxaSYUWBCa3R0slpypYTyZdJkXWpmVTzQBmx6cTF+Wd8qhjz/dhnBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-22T23:08:11.450134Z"},"content_sha256":"682f7762999a78ea972403ea146badf985f08e30c180999ca3b1dc524c0762b0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:682f7762999a78ea972403ea146badf985f08e30c180999ca3b1dc524c0762b0"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:RN5EII37M3MOXTZ6KWOLLPTE5J","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Ground State Entanglement in One Dimensional Translationally Invariant Quantum Systems","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Sandy Irani","submitted_at":"2009-01-08T20:28:40Z","abstract_excerpt":"We examine whether it is possible for one-dimensional translationally-invariant Hamiltonians to have ground states with a high degree of entanglement. We present a family of translationally invariant Hamiltonians {H_n} for the infinite chain. The spectral gap of H_n is Omega(1/poly(n)). Moreover, for any state in the ground space of H_n and any m, there are regions of size m with entanglement entropy Omega(min{m,n}). A similar construction yields translationally-invariant Hamiltonians for finite chains that have unique ground states exhibiting high entanglement. The area law proven by Hastings"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0901.1107","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:15:02Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"NrNAnzfY+5vx1p79FTqtKXnBmhkZ4LRgr3OAp6pODs8bP1YpCmdEBA1pxLBXJg1lqYNmTNAkBirLTvsRsxlyAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-22T23:08:11.450496Z"},"content_sha256":"768554e2b3d966a0941b36d61f3122005ddb5ea88311edaaaf69205c23210d53","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:768554e2b3d966a0941b36d61f3122005ddb5ea88311edaaaf69205c23210d53"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RN5EII37M3MOXTZ6KWOLLPTE5J/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/RN5EII37M3MOXTZ6KWOLLPTE5J/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RN5EII37M3MOXTZ6KWOLLPTE5J/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-22T23:08:11Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/RN5EII37M3MOXTZ6KWOLLPTE5J","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/RN5EII37M3MOXTZ6KWOLLPTE5J/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/RN5EII37M3MOXTZ6KWOLLPTE5J/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/RN5EII37M3MOXTZ6KWOLLPTE5J/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:RN5EII37M3MOXTZ6KWOLLPTE5J","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e1d69f362ad696d1e63117f8f8006efa1c4f1eaeee64a8a39459df807e8ff397","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2009-01-08T20:28:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"8213e588f3fbda55868f51632a605d0d362a955331d23da7595a34ccb1381ac3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0901.1107","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0901.1107","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:15:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0901.1107v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:15:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0901.1107","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:15:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"RN5EII37M3MO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"RN5EII37M3MOXTZ6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"RN5EII37","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:01Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:768554e2b3d966a0941b36d61f3122005ddb5ea88311edaaaf69205c23210d53","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:15:02Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We examine whether it is possible for one-dimensional translationally-invariant Hamiltonians to have ground states with a high degree of entanglement. We present a family of translationally invariant Hamiltonians {H_n} for the infinite chain. The spectral gap of H_n is Omega(1/poly(n)). Moreover, for any state in the ground space of H_n and any m, there are regions of size m with entanglement entropy Omega(min{m,n}). A similar construction yields translationally-invariant Hamiltonians for finite chains that have unique ground states exhibiting high entanglement. The area law proven by Hastings","authors_text":"Sandy Irani","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2009-01-08T20:28:40Z","title":"Ground State Entanglement in One Dimensional Translationally Invariant Quantum Systems"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0901.1107","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:682f7762999a78ea972403ea146badf985f08e30c180999ca3b1dc524c0762b0","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:15:02Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e1d69f362ad696d1e63117f8f8006efa1c4f1eaeee64a8a39459df807e8ff397","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2009-01-08T20:28:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"8213e588f3fbda55868f51632a605d0d362a955331d23da7595a34ccb1381ac3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0901.1107","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"8b7a44237f66d8ebcf3e559cb5be64ea7bed006b52dccfbb15de2c241b352dca","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"8b7a44237f66d8ebcf3e559cb5be64ea7bed006b52dccfbb15de2c241b352dca","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:15:02.891964Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:15:02.891964Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"3tVEkYzW/I116EzQaPGbbhKps1kOwr9Qpsn5zgC6Kjs0zXoci1zY69N/3/iqmPgUJDOrtl/4lIBz7C2SCJSVAg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:15:02.892393Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"0901.1107","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:682f7762999a78ea972403ea146badf985f08e30c180999ca3b1dc524c0762b0","sha256:768554e2b3d966a0941b36d61f3122005ddb5ea88311edaaaf69205c23210d53"],"state_sha256":"d9a1461d2b8fbae1a4f090d97c7009e8ff65c93de1514aa590977f2c582bbe52"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"TUARGKGVkg4CWR2PMtpEbQ/srF6La/BANnavcC13hpoZ45tBeOxCkGhkILf5sPICPAW6xTEhw+ufY7OCJdfrBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-22T23:08:11.452461Z","bundle_sha256":"4c947472699961b22506386aa750dcd9b9f9c90d4507da8d8d7ad6e57216af73"}}