{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:SNHTVE6HEW3KAXKE2IRNYCQWLG","short_pith_number":"pith:SNHTVE6H","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1208.0691","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","submitted_at":"2012-08-03T08:57:57Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"title_canon_sha256":"184b1deab1ac8557ed78bc215ecb22786a19834375756bf9db94692d8b52ab76","abstract_canon_sha256":"662028745bd17378f5e456645d080f81bf79bae5c8048a2a996f505f156a7664"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"934f3a93c725b6a05d44d222dc0a16599923ebb136b2e6fd9f6266490957ebe2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1208.0691","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1208.0691","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:49:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1208.0691v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:49:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1208.0691","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:49:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"SNHTVE6HEW3K","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"SNHTVE6HEW3KAXKE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"SNHTVE6H","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:20Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:SNHTVE6HEW3KAXKE2IRNYCQWLG","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1208.0691","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","submitted_at":"2012-08-03T08:57:57Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"title_canon_sha256":"184b1deab1ac8557ed78bc215ecb22786a19834375756bf9db94692d8b52ab76","abstract_canon_sha256":"662028745bd17378f5e456645d080f81bf79bae5c8048a2a996f505f156a7664"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"934f3a93c725b6a05d44d222dc0a16599923ebb136b2e6fd9f6266490957ebe2","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:49:23.074533Z","signature_b64":"X/UTYoLFkjZKA7P7DAtAzBjF51dhuujyi4dYkmkb3WcYAg8LGy0jVvwtLZFIYRRyAdw7Yo3eUnHuth0nEvwmBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"934f3a93c725b6a05d44d222dc0a16599923ebb136b2e6fd9f6266490957ebe2","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:49:23.073718Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:49:23.073718Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1208.0691","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:49:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"IgYFDUZuLtIK0gZU8U7ItpFE0RfAORotp4etftRyZrpUvToBZ3FyW2BADWrrwyi6ds4Ixf5sLp8OAEnEIer8CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T00:59:41.893147Z"},"content_sha256":"cc40ae6713732ed82c578ec49adb7bce9a6e6de8811cc4c6a748697c66ce5090","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cc40ae6713732ed82c578ec49adb7bce9a6e6de8811cc4c6a748697c66ce5090"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:SNHTVE6HEW3KAXKE2IRNYCQWLG","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Efficient Sonochemistry through Microbubbles Generated with Micromachined Surfaces","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","authors_text":"Aaldert G. Zijlstra, Andrea Prosperetti, David Fernandez Rivas, Detlef Lohse, Han J.G.E. Gardeniers","submitted_at":"2012-08-03T08:57:57Z","abstract_excerpt":"Sonochemical reactors are used in water treatment, the synthesis of fine chemicals, pharmaceutics and others. The low efficiency of sonoreactors have prevented its massive usage at industrial scales. Controlling the appearance of bubbles in place and time is the most limiting factor. A novel type of sonochemical reactor was designed making use of micro-fabrication techniques to control the nucleation sites of micro-bubbles. The efficiency was increased first by locating the nucleation sites in the most active region of a micro-chamber; additionally the desired chemical effect was significantly"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1208.0691","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:49:23Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"TkNU/45vTZSHzd5MGJGCRAiiv/+rHnCbvAFABK3AwFFABzvSQTKDrEkUdwyKZGImxYDQwXv0U4HGJLBwlu7BCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T00:59:41.893513Z"},"content_sha256":"c5a89685161b47093277cf95a6cb5388369a9842e9ce6f2b71bfba045ad47100","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c5a89685161b47093277cf95a6cb5388369a9842e9ce6f2b71bfba045ad47100"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/SNHTVE6HEW3KAXKE2IRNYCQWLG/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/SNHTVE6HEW3KAXKE2IRNYCQWLG/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/SNHTVE6HEW3KAXKE2IRNYCQWLG/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T00:59:41Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/SNHTVE6HEW3KAXKE2IRNYCQWLG","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/SNHTVE6HEW3KAXKE2IRNYCQWLG/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/SNHTVE6HEW3KAXKE2IRNYCQWLG/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/SNHTVE6HEW3KAXKE2IRNYCQWLG/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:SNHTVE6HEW3KAXKE2IRNYCQWLG","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"662028745bd17378f5e456645d080f81bf79bae5c8048a2a996f505f156a7664","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","submitted_at":"2012-08-03T08:57:57Z","title_canon_sha256":"184b1deab1ac8557ed78bc215ecb22786a19834375756bf9db94692d8b52ab76"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1208.0691","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1208.0691","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:49:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1208.0691v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:49:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1208.0691","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:49:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"SNHTVE6HEW3K","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"SNHTVE6HEW3KAXKE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"SNHTVE6H","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:20Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c5a89685161b47093277cf95a6cb5388369a9842e9ce6f2b71bfba045ad47100","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:49:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Sonochemical reactors are used in water treatment, the synthesis of fine chemicals, pharmaceutics and others. The low efficiency of sonoreactors have prevented its massive usage at industrial scales. Controlling the appearance of bubbles in place and time is the most limiting factor. A novel type of sonochemical reactor was designed making use of micro-fabrication techniques to control the nucleation sites of micro-bubbles. The efficiency was increased first by locating the nucleation sites in the most active region of a micro-chamber; additionally the desired chemical effect was significantly","authors_text":"Aaldert G. Zijlstra, Andrea Prosperetti, David Fernandez Rivas, Detlef Lohse, Han J.G.E. Gardeniers","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","submitted_at":"2012-08-03T08:57:57Z","title":"Efficient Sonochemistry through Microbubbles Generated with Micromachined Surfaces"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1208.0691","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:cc40ae6713732ed82c578ec49adb7bce9a6e6de8811cc4c6a748697c66ce5090","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:49:23Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"662028745bd17378f5e456645d080f81bf79bae5c8048a2a996f505f156a7664","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.chem-ph","submitted_at":"2012-08-03T08:57:57Z","title_canon_sha256":"184b1deab1ac8557ed78bc215ecb22786a19834375756bf9db94692d8b52ab76"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1208.0691","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"934f3a93c725b6a05d44d222dc0a16599923ebb136b2e6fd9f6266490957ebe2","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"934f3a93c725b6a05d44d222dc0a16599923ebb136b2e6fd9f6266490957ebe2","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:49:23.073718Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:49:23.073718Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"X/UTYoLFkjZKA7P7DAtAzBjF51dhuujyi4dYkmkb3WcYAg8LGy0jVvwtLZFIYRRyAdw7Yo3eUnHuth0nEvwmBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:49:23.074533Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1208.0691","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:cc40ae6713732ed82c578ec49adb7bce9a6e6de8811cc4c6a748697c66ce5090","sha256:c5a89685161b47093277cf95a6cb5388369a9842e9ce6f2b71bfba045ad47100"],"state_sha256":"5d9b0fa119e62deee8a7ee8f9955ac65a568860745be2fd7fd342ccbe96deaf8"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"YbMiLdQ7H3nKBojIORXjMcWxuYbvwrofkaLVq+7UzM4Rck0F/H2YAdHeQMw0ZRn811ukiCRjtR9bpbKpBA0CBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T00:59:41.895561Z","bundle_sha256":"fdae84df08fa6266b16f98dd898f8f1d83820c85b5a3a80eb3d12e33262a6f52"}}