{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:TB6MDI3TSS3RU2323JPMEBGZFC","short_pith_number":"pith:TB6MDI3T","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1311.2609","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2013-11-11T21:20:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"374354f729fa6eb6575a918bc4524b27816ac9694d6cbe60b4ed61497e0c897f","abstract_canon_sha256":"5b396275c0cc8c1a2c34406ac4c4e52ab13c14128714c3340ab115311a8976d0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"987cc1a37394b71a6b7ada5ec204d92897b0b0a06db29f1d6fc4ffcbc64af720","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1311.2609","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1311.2609","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:07:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1311.2609v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:07:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1311.2609","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:07:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TB6MDI3TSS3R","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TB6MDI3TSS3RU232","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TB6MDI3T","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:59Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:TB6MDI3TSS3RU2323JPMEBGZFC","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1311.2609","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2013-11-11T21:20:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"374354f729fa6eb6575a918bc4524b27816ac9694d6cbe60b4ed61497e0c897f","abstract_canon_sha256":"5b396275c0cc8c1a2c34406ac4c4e52ab13c14128714c3340ab115311a8976d0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"987cc1a37394b71a6b7ada5ec204d92897b0b0a06db29f1d6fc4ffcbc64af720","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:07:22.363498Z","signature_b64":"Q/+RvrgSmvIJg6grd4eOoZUmz4gXkqJMKPzwtQny2yoRHAiMHMhIM9ZNG810AMAaIszFjazau3fWMR0IXbd0CA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"987cc1a37394b71a6b7ada5ec204d92897b0b0a06db29f1d6fc4ffcbc64af720","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:07:22.362966Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:07:22.362966Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1311.2609","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:07:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PgQTk5N5UjFxb9+ixr5qajCjJ9Xd40knL0k4gWq2vvUnlwqm1XBDeFX0kVAODQj9cqUnWMZdskHVprRnFQ+1Cw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T03:49:58.756150Z"},"content_sha256":"0aeffa934544a89d6c7fe8709f20ca37b0a69a958eda460984c0683b8f7beefe","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0aeffa934544a89d6c7fe8709f20ca37b0a69a958eda460984c0683b8f7beefe"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:TB6MDI3TSS3RU2323JPMEBGZFC","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Secular Evolution in Disk Galaxies","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"John Kormendy","submitted_at":"2013-11-11T21:20:33Z","abstract_excerpt":"Self-gravitating systems evolve toward the most tightly bound configuration that is reachable via available evolution processes. The inner parts shrink and the outer parts expand, provided that some physical process transports energy or angular momentum outward. The evolution of stars, star clusters, protostellar and protoplanetary disks, black hole accretion disks, and galaxy disks are all fundamentally similar. These processes for galaxy disks are the subjects of my lectures and of this Canary Islands Winter School. Part 1 discusses formation, growth, and death of bars. Part 2 details the sl"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1311.2609","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:07:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"NVoIL01/d7eWNAFrJ6Wrun3Dr5YEaoHyZuJkoVmb16ZOmVrIQGhNI/S/G7DXsHGDldEfZWLkzisoC0rgyNoVAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T03:49:58.756507Z"},"content_sha256":"2a33c31458f1b41f5f4a67347185bc1b132a02516ac4ecdb4c4379b4deffffdb","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2a33c31458f1b41f5f4a67347185bc1b132a02516ac4ecdb4c4379b4deffffdb"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TB6MDI3TSS3RU2323JPMEBGZFC/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TB6MDI3TSS3RU2323JPMEBGZFC/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TB6MDI3TSS3RU2323JPMEBGZFC/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-27T03:49:58Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/TB6MDI3TSS3RU2323JPMEBGZFC","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/TB6MDI3TSS3RU2323JPMEBGZFC/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/TB6MDI3TSS3RU2323JPMEBGZFC/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TB6MDI3TSS3RU2323JPMEBGZFC/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:TB6MDI3TSS3RU2323JPMEBGZFC","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5b396275c0cc8c1a2c34406ac4c4e52ab13c14128714c3340ab115311a8976d0","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2013-11-11T21:20:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"374354f729fa6eb6575a918bc4524b27816ac9694d6cbe60b4ed61497e0c897f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1311.2609","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1311.2609","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:07:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1311.2609v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:07:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1311.2609","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:07:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TB6MDI3TSS3R","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TB6MDI3TSS3RU232","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TB6MDI3T","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:59Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:2a33c31458f1b41f5f4a67347185bc1b132a02516ac4ecdb4c4379b4deffffdb","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:07:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Self-gravitating systems evolve toward the most tightly bound configuration that is reachable via available evolution processes. The inner parts shrink and the outer parts expand, provided that some physical process transports energy or angular momentum outward. The evolution of stars, star clusters, protostellar and protoplanetary disks, black hole accretion disks, and galaxy disks are all fundamentally similar. These processes for galaxy disks are the subjects of my lectures and of this Canary Islands Winter School. Part 1 discusses formation, growth, and death of bars. Part 2 details the sl","authors_text":"John Kormendy","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2013-11-11T21:20:33Z","title":"Secular Evolution in Disk Galaxies"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1311.2609","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:0aeffa934544a89d6c7fe8709f20ca37b0a69a958eda460984c0683b8f7beefe","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:07:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"5b396275c0cc8c1a2c34406ac4c4e52ab13c14128714c3340ab115311a8976d0","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2013-11-11T21:20:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"374354f729fa6eb6575a918bc4524b27816ac9694d6cbe60b4ed61497e0c897f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1311.2609","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"987cc1a37394b71a6b7ada5ec204d92897b0b0a06db29f1d6fc4ffcbc64af720","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"987cc1a37394b71a6b7ada5ec204d92897b0b0a06db29f1d6fc4ffcbc64af720","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:07:22.362966Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:07:22.362966Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Q/+RvrgSmvIJg6grd4eOoZUmz4gXkqJMKPzwtQny2yoRHAiMHMhIM9ZNG810AMAaIszFjazau3fWMR0IXbd0CA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:07:22.363498Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1311.2609","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:0aeffa934544a89d6c7fe8709f20ca37b0a69a958eda460984c0683b8f7beefe","sha256:2a33c31458f1b41f5f4a67347185bc1b132a02516ac4ecdb4c4379b4deffffdb"],"state_sha256":"00e1179cc697d876e544807000e44604bf31af85b712fd73124538572258fb9d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vceGqLWNBDgcUESAxwuckt8XtCGWCofUUjve7uK9Znnze26CWyg1ZT2ZuQLw8vIE6HDWSZJedkkeul02PUV6DA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-27T03:49:58.758415Z","bundle_sha256":"4033706da253840c5543bb66ac4067a8e2668bfeb4c45e2dd03f2ed2b891624d"}}