{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:TCVMWS3FYCTRDWB4IT32CV6IUR","short_pith_number":"pith:TCVMWS3F","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1203.0014","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2012-02-29T21:02:53Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"0c9a07d06be978e2fda65c37d445e75ed37da991ef460e1b495c3972d5c7abcf","abstract_canon_sha256":"2c3a06ec0cdc293e6eab0c5850674f7a63943b473e199b3d04a086e29965b7c9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"98aacb4b65c0a711d83c44f7a157c8a479e622df45cb3c387b9bd10e35d0db99","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1203.0014","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1203.0014","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1203.0014v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1203.0014","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TCVMWS3FYCTR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TCVMWS3FYCTRDWB4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TCVMWS3F","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:TCVMWS3FYCTRDWB4IT32CV6IUR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1203.0014","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2012-02-29T21:02:53Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"0c9a07d06be978e2fda65c37d445e75ed37da991ef460e1b495c3972d5c7abcf","abstract_canon_sha256":"2c3a06ec0cdc293e6eab0c5850674f7a63943b473e199b3d04a086e29965b7c9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"98aacb4b65c0a711d83c44f7a157c8a479e622df45cb3c387b9bd10e35d0db99","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:18.132552Z","signature_b64":"usHIVusvH7LAa+Z/W+e3cBsvgntsDwunPOgvEQ2gftNDzp5fOY3oOE9DvvdXx896yqg+tH02zkf3xL0sqrOHBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"98aacb4b65c0a711d83c44f7a157c8a479e622df45cb3c387b9bd10e35d0db99","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:18.131953Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:18.131953Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1203.0014","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:18Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"dnb8PJZXDbTOFA5skG6goAjWQVklQm7zVnI3KaTFKlyJe9dPGWMoKlYdPBk1B+J+WLj6OE6UxXwd5qQQ4KJXDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-25T07:01:41.542784Z"},"content_sha256":"c2d5bd3c87d64078e649ffaad92e2783c15cbc5dccc66ac9777c113f2f0326b6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c2d5bd3c87d64078e649ffaad92e2783c15cbc5dccc66ac9777c113f2f0326b6"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:TCVMWS3FYCTRDWB4IT32CV6IUR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Curvature Singularity in the Asymmetric Breakup of an Underwater Air Bubble","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"Lipeng Lai","submitted_at":"2012-02-29T21:02:53Z","abstract_excerpt":"The presence of slight azimuthal asymmetry in the initial shape of an underwater bubble entirely alters the final breakup dynamics. Here I examine the influence of initial asymmetry on the final breakup by simulating the bubble surface evolution as a Hamiltonian evolution corresponding to an inviscid, two-dimensional, planar implosion. I find two types of breakups: a previously reported coalescence mode in which distant regions along the air-water surface curve inwards and eventually collide with finite speed, and a hitherto unknown cusp-like mode in which the surface develops sharp tips whose"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1203.0014","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:18Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"TmJEk1iP+SYksiJlR/bKqTvhFGEUaHplxIch64KZQJw4TayDiI5Z9tiF5DsWnw04GeZMNB7mbSH7tGItruSQAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-25T07:01:41.543131Z"},"content_sha256":"37b41ec360b5a8c8e7cf9bf80d8ffb670d797f63cd8e17f5d876df30e26f8015","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:37b41ec360b5a8c8e7cf9bf80d8ffb670d797f63cd8e17f5d876df30e26f8015"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TCVMWS3FYCTRDWB4IT32CV6IUR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/TCVMWS3FYCTRDWB4IT32CV6IUR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TCVMWS3FYCTRDWB4IT32CV6IUR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-25T07:01:41Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/TCVMWS3FYCTRDWB4IT32CV6IUR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/TCVMWS3FYCTRDWB4IT32CV6IUR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/TCVMWS3FYCTRDWB4IT32CV6IUR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/TCVMWS3FYCTRDWB4IT32CV6IUR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:TCVMWS3FYCTRDWB4IT32CV6IUR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2c3a06ec0cdc293e6eab0c5850674f7a63943b473e199b3d04a086e29965b7c9","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2012-02-29T21:02:53Z","title_canon_sha256":"0c9a07d06be978e2fda65c37d445e75ed37da991ef460e1b495c3972d5c7abcf"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1203.0014","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1203.0014","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1203.0014v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1203.0014","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"TCVMWS3FYCTR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"TCVMWS3FYCTRDWB4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"TCVMWS3F","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:23Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:37b41ec360b5a8c8e7cf9bf80d8ffb670d797f63cd8e17f5d876df30e26f8015","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:18Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The presence of slight azimuthal asymmetry in the initial shape of an underwater bubble entirely alters the final breakup dynamics. Here I examine the influence of initial asymmetry on the final breakup by simulating the bubble surface evolution as a Hamiltonian evolution corresponding to an inviscid, two-dimensional, planar implosion. I find two types of breakups: a previously reported coalescence mode in which distant regions along the air-water surface curve inwards and eventually collide with finite speed, and a hitherto unknown cusp-like mode in which the surface develops sharp tips whose","authors_text":"Lipeng Lai","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2012-02-29T21:02:53Z","title":"Curvature Singularity in the Asymmetric Breakup of an Underwater Air Bubble"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1203.0014","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c2d5bd3c87d64078e649ffaad92e2783c15cbc5dccc66ac9777c113f2f0326b6","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:18Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2c3a06ec0cdc293e6eab0c5850674f7a63943b473e199b3d04a086e29965b7c9","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2012-02-29T21:02:53Z","title_canon_sha256":"0c9a07d06be978e2fda65c37d445e75ed37da991ef460e1b495c3972d5c7abcf"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1203.0014","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"98aacb4b65c0a711d83c44f7a157c8a479e622df45cb3c387b9bd10e35d0db99","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"98aacb4b65c0a711d83c44f7a157c8a479e622df45cb3c387b9bd10e35d0db99","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:18.131953Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:18.131953Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"usHIVusvH7LAa+Z/W+e3cBsvgntsDwunPOgvEQ2gftNDzp5fOY3oOE9DvvdXx896yqg+tH02zkf3xL0sqrOHBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:58:18.132552Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1203.0014","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c2d5bd3c87d64078e649ffaad92e2783c15cbc5dccc66ac9777c113f2f0326b6","sha256:37b41ec360b5a8c8e7cf9bf80d8ffb670d797f63cd8e17f5d876df30e26f8015"],"state_sha256":"b7310840a93f0bbaab938dbefd67708ac45df666ddca8cc3304da0ae7b0c1398"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"v5X8SUxjFxKIFbNg/cW6x3EQl6M3VSmeD7POV0TcmBTussG5g8fR96VIb8AzCBiCDjuU/oyImSzEM2t5tNfkBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-25T07:01:41.544980Z","bundle_sha256":"0d43549d5e22cebebe86cf3eded19904ec7e148da8bacf24352006cea87cd728"}}