{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2014:UG4HYM5V4J2WTWQ4SZHJLMIVKB","short_pith_number":"pith:UG4HYM5V","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"a1b87c33b5e27569da1c964e95b115506a21e434ae2bfa85a291c7772a05a9da","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1411.7312","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Comets in ancient India","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.hist-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.pop-ph","authors_text":"Patrick Das Gupta","submitted_at":"2014-11-25T19:25:47Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Indo-aryans of ancient India observed stars and constellations for ascertaining auspicious times in order to conduct sacrificial rites ordained by vedas. It is but natural that they would have recounted in the vedic texts about comets. In Rigveda ($\\sim $ 1700 - 1500 BC) and Atharvaveda ($\\sim $ 1150 BC), there are references to dhumaketus and ketus, which stand for comets in Sanskrit. Rigveda mentions a fig tree with roots held up in the sky (Parpola 2009, 2010). Could it have been inspired by the hirsute appearance of a comet's tail? Similarly, could `Ketu' (the torso or the tail part of"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1411.7312","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.pop-ph","submitted_at":"2014-11-25T19:25:47Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.hist-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"2f83c9af74d13605f3acd7bdb41ac2cc1652d915372530e107e093435db7e4f1","abstract_canon_sha256":"e1a6fdc9d97a4f638d2305390f7aef7b9655cb90d0d29383ecc258b105d2c2d5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:30.333617Z","signature_b64":"Zxnir0xrr4JvOkmVrCX0+m93YENYzqhdz2VMZGyW3b7bptHwMhLK0Gka4EGBEwV3DvCxrFFyLncqLdaRDnOzBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a1b87c33b5e27569da1c964e95b115506a21e434ae2bfa85a291c7772a05a9da","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:30.333187Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:30.333187Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Comets in ancient India","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.hist-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.pop-ph","authors_text":"Patrick Das Gupta","submitted_at":"2014-11-25T19:25:47Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Indo-aryans of ancient India observed stars and constellations for ascertaining auspicious times in order to conduct sacrificial rites ordained by vedas. It is but natural that they would have recounted in the vedic texts about comets. In Rigveda ($\\sim $ 1700 - 1500 BC) and Atharvaveda ($\\sim $ 1150 BC), there are references to dhumaketus and ketus, which stand for comets in Sanskrit. Rigveda mentions a fig tree with roots held up in the sky (Parpola 2009, 2010). Could it have been inspired by the hirsute appearance of a comet's tail? Similarly, could `Ketu' (the torso or the tail part of"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1411.7312","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1411.7312","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:30.333261+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1411.7312v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:30.333261+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1411.7312","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:30.333261+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UG4HYM5V4J2W","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:52.271510+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UG4HYM5V4J2WTWQ4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:52.271510+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UG4HYM5V","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:52.271510+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/UG4HYM5V4J2WTWQ4SZHJLMIVKB","json":"https://pith.science/pith/UG4HYM5V4J2WTWQ4SZHJLMIVKB.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/UG4HYM5V4J2WTWQ4SZHJLMIVKB/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/UG4HYM5V4J2WTWQ4SZHJLMIVKB/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/UG4HYM5V"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/UG4HYM5V4J2WTWQ4SZHJLMIVKB","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/UG4HYM5V4J2WTWQ4SZHJLMIVKB.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/UG4HYM5V","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1411.7312&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/UG4HYM5V4J2WTWQ4SZHJLMIVKB/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/UG4HYM5V4J2WTWQ4SZHJLMIVKB/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/UG4HYM5V4J2WTWQ4SZHJLMIVKB/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/UG4HYM5V4J2WTWQ4SZHJLMIVKB/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/UG4HYM5V4J2WTWQ4SZHJLMIVKB/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/UG4HYM5V4J2WTWQ4SZHJLMIVKB/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/UG4HYM5V4J2WTWQ4SZHJLMIVKB/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:30.333261+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T02:32:30.333261+00:00"}