{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:UNFJUC5ENKKXY7IGX6GHXVOLDS","short_pith_number":"pith:UNFJUC5E","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1612.01302","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.PM","submitted_at":"2016-12-05T10:53:47Z","cross_cats_sorted":["math.OC"],"title_canon_sha256":"f85dcd1e515f3ff8ad6db03fb5b8918c42fd7dde7645bd5050e66546b39fcb7f","abstract_canon_sha256":"997b2ec13db58e94e07ca0e4333af5f3acda8a2e2e2bfbf8fc61530626a272c5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a34a9a0ba46a957c7d06bf8c7bd5cb1caef50a267c5f26e8fe58ce9f3b717f1d","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1612.01302","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1612.01302","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1612.01302v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1612.01302","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UNFJUC5ENKKX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UNFJUC5ENKKXY7IG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UNFJUC5E","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:46Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:UNFJUC5ENKKXY7IGX6GHXVOLDS","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1612.01302","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.PM","submitted_at":"2016-12-05T10:53:47Z","cross_cats_sorted":["math.OC"],"title_canon_sha256":"f85dcd1e515f3ff8ad6db03fb5b8918c42fd7dde7645bd5050e66546b39fcb7f","abstract_canon_sha256":"997b2ec13db58e94e07ca0e4333af5f3acda8a2e2e2bfbf8fc61530626a272c5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a34a9a0ba46a957c7d06bf8c7bd5cb1caef50a267c5f26e8fe58ce9f3b717f1d","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:47.979311Z","signature_b64":"V9DyERFfcYq4QGtpcXZmJZDciCeNX0A78fMeU2hUPqyCN7n5JgjeyI5e7GI/Mbi3lUZtvPmVpVnjqV4vVtpKAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a34a9a0ba46a957c7d06bf8c7bd5cb1caef50a267c5f26e8fe58ce9f3b717f1d","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:47.978745Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:47.978745Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1612.01302","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:47Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"W7/iExcvTBG2ohMVQpIJSpMkmsYe32M28hyh84lkX4mSwdfqyLW3z+g1I0t/0tGT3a1WdwzOOMHOcM140y/pAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-25T22:59:28.449854Z"},"content_sha256":"d7ca655d0970ff60d04ee7f38ade9f7735d84dc21ff9b3dcc7140bbddda49cb6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d7ca655d0970ff60d04ee7f38ade9f7735d84dc21ff9b3dcc7140bbddda49cb6"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:UNFJUC5ENKKXY7IGX6GHXVOLDS","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Primer on Portfolio Choice with Small Transaction Costs","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["math.OC"],"primary_cat":"q-fin.PM","authors_text":"H. Mete Soner, Johannes Muhle-Karbe, Max Reppen","submitted_at":"2016-12-05T10:53:47Z","abstract_excerpt":"This survey is an introduction to asymptotic methods for portfolio-choice problems with small transaction costs. We outline how to derive the corresponding dynamic programming equations and simplify them in the small-cost limit. This allows to obtain explicit solutions in a wide range of settings, which we illustrate for a model with mean-reverting expected returns and proportional transaction costs. For even more complex models, we present a policy iteration scheme that allows to compute the solution numerically."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1612.01302","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:47Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"yXIyItQmW7f+a1EKy2vvZ9cgO+kcnwE6nordfkdgx1z4NtasbL7LUzQWEu2zh+vRKSQoui9DPAQsWr73z3d0Cg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-25T22:59:28.450198Z"},"content_sha256":"dd70016ada4be234e2fbdf6d8a5e37c9a25d6c292537ade91c180cd49c9d1168","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:dd70016ada4be234e2fbdf6d8a5e37c9a25d6c292537ade91c180cd49c9d1168"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UNFJUC5ENKKXY7IGX6GHXVOLDS/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/UNFJUC5ENKKXY7IGX6GHXVOLDS/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UNFJUC5ENKKXY7IGX6GHXVOLDS/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-25T22:59:28Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/UNFJUC5ENKKXY7IGX6GHXVOLDS","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/UNFJUC5ENKKXY7IGX6GHXVOLDS/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/UNFJUC5ENKKXY7IGX6GHXVOLDS/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/UNFJUC5ENKKXY7IGX6GHXVOLDS/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:UNFJUC5ENKKXY7IGX6GHXVOLDS","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"997b2ec13db58e94e07ca0e4333af5f3acda8a2e2e2bfbf8fc61530626a272c5","cross_cats_sorted":["math.OC"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.PM","submitted_at":"2016-12-05T10:53:47Z","title_canon_sha256":"f85dcd1e515f3ff8ad6db03fb5b8918c42fd7dde7645bd5050e66546b39fcb7f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1612.01302","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1612.01302","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1612.01302v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1612.01302","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"UNFJUC5ENKKX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"UNFJUC5ENKKXY7IG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"UNFJUC5E","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:46Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:dd70016ada4be234e2fbdf6d8a5e37c9a25d6c292537ade91c180cd49c9d1168","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:47Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This survey is an introduction to asymptotic methods for portfolio-choice problems with small transaction costs. We outline how to derive the corresponding dynamic programming equations and simplify them in the small-cost limit. This allows to obtain explicit solutions in a wide range of settings, which we illustrate for a model with mean-reverting expected returns and proportional transaction costs. For even more complex models, we present a policy iteration scheme that allows to compute the solution numerically.","authors_text":"H. Mete Soner, Johannes Muhle-Karbe, Max Reppen","cross_cats":["math.OC"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.PM","submitted_at":"2016-12-05T10:53:47Z","title":"A Primer on Portfolio Choice with Small Transaction Costs"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1612.01302","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d7ca655d0970ff60d04ee7f38ade9f7735d84dc21ff9b3dcc7140bbddda49cb6","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:47Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"997b2ec13db58e94e07ca0e4333af5f3acda8a2e2e2bfbf8fc61530626a272c5","cross_cats_sorted":["math.OC"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-fin.PM","submitted_at":"2016-12-05T10:53:47Z","title_canon_sha256":"f85dcd1e515f3ff8ad6db03fb5b8918c42fd7dde7645bd5050e66546b39fcb7f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1612.01302","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"a34a9a0ba46a957c7d06bf8c7bd5cb1caef50a267c5f26e8fe58ce9f3b717f1d","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a34a9a0ba46a957c7d06bf8c7bd5cb1caef50a267c5f26e8fe58ce9f3b717f1d","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:47.978745Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:47.978745Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"V9DyERFfcYq4QGtpcXZmJZDciCeNX0A78fMeU2hUPqyCN7n5JgjeyI5e7GI/Mbi3lUZtvPmVpVnjqV4vVtpKAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:43:47.979311Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1612.01302","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d7ca655d0970ff60d04ee7f38ade9f7735d84dc21ff9b3dcc7140bbddda49cb6","sha256:dd70016ada4be234e2fbdf6d8a5e37c9a25d6c292537ade91c180cd49c9d1168"],"state_sha256":"275146d12a624b74828f94f7777e7b18312d13b8d33ec11c6b103efc8bcb401b"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"s3ylvHtShficFC8aGKAtYHZ2trdyDW/WqOAdn7ilgFPKUvQaveppNMF88/FURyGXUiWjyezbxWR1JAWu1uh7BQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-25T22:59:28.452046Z","bundle_sha256":"1232fe3d35438b2c55168920d08e7893ba2e02ba730643762285959c31255c37"}}