{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:VHS37EY5UN5UF7IDPZZOB6C4K3","short_pith_number":"pith:VHS37EY5","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0902.3486","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2009-02-19T23:57:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3b3eb444bb9f6f869e6d12fd325d190b8f5ec9dec16da626966babe8075b0db1","abstract_canon_sha256":"02e86f1e087fd56a8202c0db9da28afdc5295d9eb16dbeb5dde009666ebf6f7a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a9e5bf931da37b42fd037e72e0f85c56e9e1b890d1381434c792a6bef11c60b9","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"0902.3486","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0902.3486","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0902.3486v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0902.3486","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VHS37EY5UN5U","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VHS37EY5UN5UF7ID","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VHS37EY5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:02Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:VHS37EY5UN5UF7IDPZZOB6C4K3","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"0902.3486","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2009-02-19T23:57:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"3b3eb444bb9f6f869e6d12fd325d190b8f5ec9dec16da626966babe8075b0db1","abstract_canon_sha256":"02e86f1e087fd56a8202c0db9da28afdc5295d9eb16dbeb5dde009666ebf6f7a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"a9e5bf931da37b42fd037e72e0f85c56e9e1b890d1381434c792a6bef11c60b9","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:46.800022Z","signature_b64":"ewQjJwuQCZ7E25VRSRKLJCS37Azt3gI6KxYm1pMl1cUYVxAphKrF9q6j+txmmw2/bKXe33xzX3X3p8vZY6cEAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"a9e5bf931da37b42fd037e72e0f85c56e9e1b890d1381434c792a6bef11c60b9","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:46.799506Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:46.799506Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"0902.3486","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"hZESEwRq293TP2uc2iOn6VJgDQ++UTb5MkmOELMsB0jscVAaljgnbkOTU3sGtjxwTAPAlXygzMulwcYzXXsmAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T17:57:18.133044Z"},"content_sha256":"4981bca634f90f61aaccd45b905db82c1ab5367750b0931b0b3df398397f6b6b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4981bca634f90f61aaccd45b905db82c1ab5367750b0931b0b3df398397f6b6b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2009:VHS37EY5UN5UF7IDPZZOB6C4K3","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Effective Action and Schwinger Pair Production in Strong QED","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Sang Pyo Kim (Kunsan Natl Univ.)","submitted_at":"2009-02-19T23:57:38Z","abstract_excerpt":"Some field theoretical aspects, such as the effective action and Schwinger pair production, are critically reviewed in strong QED. The difference of the boundary conditions on the solutions of the field equation is discussed to result in the effective action both in the Coulomb and time-dependent gauge. Finally, the apparent spin-statistics inversion is also discussed, where the WKB action for bosons (fermions) works well for fermion (boson) pair-production rate."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0902.3486","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jtXw0Z+inXnn3P/NKHTQgxjph6YsoluU1na74FnR10F9JP0mKW5N2brGtBU+lvnRunZ7+oGY6tWFeF5SoCkiBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T17:57:18.133627Z"},"content_sha256":"8482bb8d66235680970119573e409fc0847db8641bef5a21253c371d63cfb65e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8482bb8d66235680970119573e409fc0847db8641bef5a21253c371d63cfb65e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VHS37EY5UN5UF7IDPZZOB6C4K3/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VHS37EY5UN5UF7IDPZZOB6C4K3/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VHS37EY5UN5UF7IDPZZOB6C4K3/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-17T17:57:18Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/VHS37EY5UN5UF7IDPZZOB6C4K3","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/VHS37EY5UN5UF7IDPZZOB6C4K3/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/VHS37EY5UN5UF7IDPZZOB6C4K3/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VHS37EY5UN5UF7IDPZZOB6C4K3/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2009:VHS37EY5UN5UF7IDPZZOB6C4K3","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"02e86f1e087fd56a8202c0db9da28afdc5295d9eb16dbeb5dde009666ebf6f7a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2009-02-19T23:57:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"3b3eb444bb9f6f869e6d12fd325d190b8f5ec9dec16da626966babe8075b0db1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0902.3486","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"0902.3486","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"0902.3486v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.0902.3486","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VHS37EY5UN5U","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VHS37EY5UN5UF7ID","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VHS37EY5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:02Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:8482bb8d66235680970119573e409fc0847db8641bef5a21253c371d63cfb65e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Some field theoretical aspects, such as the effective action and Schwinger pair production, are critically reviewed in strong QED. The difference of the boundary conditions on the solutions of the field equation is discussed to result in the effective action both in the Coulomb and time-dependent gauge. Finally, the apparent spin-statistics inversion is also discussed, where the WKB action for bosons (fermions) works well for fermion (boson) pair-production rate.","authors_text":"Sang Pyo Kim (Kunsan Natl Univ.)","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2009-02-19T23:57:38Z","title":"Effective Action and Schwinger Pair Production in Strong QED"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"0902.3486","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4981bca634f90f61aaccd45b905db82c1ab5367750b0931b0b3df398397f6b6b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"02e86f1e087fd56a8202c0db9da28afdc5295d9eb16dbeb5dde009666ebf6f7a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2009-02-19T23:57:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"3b3eb444bb9f6f869e6d12fd325d190b8f5ec9dec16da626966babe8075b0db1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"0902.3486","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"a9e5bf931da37b42fd037e72e0f85c56e9e1b890d1381434c792a6bef11c60b9","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"a9e5bf931da37b42fd037e72e0f85c56e9e1b890d1381434c792a6bef11c60b9","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:46.799506Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:46.799506Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ewQjJwuQCZ7E25VRSRKLJCS37Azt3gI6KxYm1pMl1cUYVxAphKrF9q6j+txmmw2/bKXe33xzX3X3p8vZY6cEAA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:14:46.800022Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"0902.3486","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4981bca634f90f61aaccd45b905db82c1ab5367750b0931b0b3df398397f6b6b","sha256:8482bb8d66235680970119573e409fc0847db8641bef5a21253c371d63cfb65e"],"state_sha256":"218ad3efbfb6352d8a96b5bf8eca7d29cbce69586a56b5017b04c781545a20e9"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Uk/4V08r+6uSUk7wJGuJ8wTrLcFtWoAADDCE2tReM/nmg0jYx0DrrMIBJ6R4tHBAEZxzJ0QL0ZKvOB48qZF+Ag==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-17T17:57:18.146424Z","bundle_sha256":"e59501da3579fa65958d1760e6e31095e633d7dd697e7a6032b65b96ed91f5aa"}}