{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:VKRBCZT7NOGFYM36DO6ZTAV5A7","short_pith_number":"pith:VKRBCZT7","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2303.05375","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2023-03-09T16:23:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"fdbdb495aeb0a70790145bec48f073cc3bc3422f30b898faa5cc653906330608","abstract_canon_sha256":"7b638cf6506c41646eac03dcacc005741342d5ed1ff76ac73e1f647f5c28f21f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"aaa211667f6b8c5c337e1bbd9982bd07cdab80782a4f8f9c4894f91b82641bc9","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2303.05375","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2303.05375","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2303.05375v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2303.05375","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VKRBCZT7NOGF","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VKRBCZT7NOGFYM36","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VKRBCZT7","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:VKRBCZT7NOGFYM36DO6ZTAV5A7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2303.05375","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2023-03-09T16:23:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"fdbdb495aeb0a70790145bec48f073cc3bc3422f30b898faa5cc653906330608","abstract_canon_sha256":"7b638cf6506c41646eac03dcacc005741342d5ed1ff76ac73e1f647f5c28f21f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"aaa211667f6b8c5c337e1bbd9982bd07cdab80782a4f8f9c4894f91b82641bc9","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22.340355Z","signature_b64":"/CoHpSLP7WsJr2mBj2V5nhTzDzrYNZ5MVAl2Jhm6bPHPeR4dLjkrkwkAIYF32700otbZJBUCaXjMNHs6w/CZCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"aaa211667f6b8c5c337e1bbd9982bd07cdab80782a4f8f9c4894f91b82641bc9","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22.339838Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22.339838Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2303.05375","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"OlV+qjyfgDyygoCYNi+BgrT+M9LoDqC5TpnVMU5UMalnW1oUjag/wZwKhvFNbl1xaS7F2uHonogYjD1vWuDjDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T18:39:28.908453Z"},"content_sha256":"9fa8f7b6e585b33196e70138060a429fdf818e613de58213377404dfc21ac7bb","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:9fa8f7b6e585b33196e70138060a429fdf818e613de58213377404dfc21ac7bb"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:VKRBCZT7NOGFYM36DO6ZTAV5A7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Rapid population synthesis of black-hole high-mass X-ray binaries: implications for binary stellar evolution","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Arash Bahramian, Ilya Mandel, Isobel M. Romero-Shaw, Reinhold Willcox, Ryosuke Hirai","submitted_at":"2023-03-09T16:23:44Z","abstract_excerpt":"We conduct binary population synthesis to investigate the formation of wind-fed high-mass X-ray binaries containing black holes (BH-HMXBs). We evolve multiple populations of high-mass binary stars and consider BH-HMXB formation rates, masses, spins and separations. We find that systems similar to Cygnus X-1 likely form after stable Case A mass transfer (MT) from the main sequence progenitors of black holes, provided such MT is characterised by low accretion efficiency, $\\beta \\lesssim 0.1$, with modest orbital angular momentum losses from the non-accreted material. Additionally, efficient BH-H"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2303.05375","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2303.05375/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ovRt39OZ4/EK6GqpqtVSFCg1TIuZUSot5PYAeL28TgrcQLoXrIbhHz87mn8VGmUNtHjODmtvCpGCDANqrO6VDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T18:39:28.908996Z"},"content_sha256":"ec19c9af67981128d4ed69488bdf0193b47181e9e53ffabd76adf7227960d14b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ec19c9af67981128d4ed69488bdf0193b47181e9e53ffabd76adf7227960d14b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VKRBCZT7NOGFYM36DO6ZTAV5A7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VKRBCZT7NOGFYM36DO6ZTAV5A7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VKRBCZT7NOGFYM36DO6ZTAV5A7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-15T18:39:28Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/VKRBCZT7NOGFYM36DO6ZTAV5A7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/VKRBCZT7NOGFYM36DO6ZTAV5A7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/VKRBCZT7NOGFYM36DO6ZTAV5A7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VKRBCZT7NOGFYM36DO6ZTAV5A7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:VKRBCZT7NOGFYM36DO6ZTAV5A7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7b638cf6506c41646eac03dcacc005741342d5ed1ff76ac73e1f647f5c28f21f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2023-03-09T16:23:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"fdbdb495aeb0a70790145bec48f073cc3bc3422f30b898faa5cc653906330608"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2303.05375","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2303.05375","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2303.05375v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2303.05375","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VKRBCZT7NOGF","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VKRBCZT7NOGFYM36","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VKRBCZT7","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:ec19c9af67981128d4ed69488bdf0193b47181e9e53ffabd76adf7227960d14b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2303.05375/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We conduct binary population synthesis to investigate the formation of wind-fed high-mass X-ray binaries containing black holes (BH-HMXBs). We evolve multiple populations of high-mass binary stars and consider BH-HMXB formation rates, masses, spins and separations. We find that systems similar to Cygnus X-1 likely form after stable Case A mass transfer (MT) from the main sequence progenitors of black holes, provided such MT is characterised by low accretion efficiency, $\\beta \\lesssim 0.1$, with modest orbital angular momentum losses from the non-accreted material. Additionally, efficient BH-H","authors_text":"Arash Bahramian, Ilya Mandel, Isobel M. Romero-Shaw, Reinhold Willcox, Ryosuke Hirai","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2023-03-09T16:23:44Z","title":"Rapid population synthesis of black-hole high-mass X-ray binaries: implications for binary stellar evolution"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2303.05375","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:9fa8f7b6e585b33196e70138060a429fdf818e613de58213377404dfc21ac7bb","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7b638cf6506c41646eac03dcacc005741342d5ed1ff76ac73e1f647f5c28f21f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2023-03-09T16:23:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"fdbdb495aeb0a70790145bec48f073cc3bc3422f30b898faa5cc653906330608"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2303.05375","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"aaa211667f6b8c5c337e1bbd9982bd07cdab80782a4f8f9c4894f91b82641bc9","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"aaa211667f6b8c5c337e1bbd9982bd07cdab80782a4f8f9c4894f91b82641bc9","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22.339838Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22.339838Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"/CoHpSLP7WsJr2mBj2V5nhTzDzrYNZ5MVAl2Jhm6bPHPeR4dLjkrkwkAIYF32700otbZJBUCaXjMNHs6w/CZCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:25:22.340355Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2303.05375","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:9fa8f7b6e585b33196e70138060a429fdf818e613de58213377404dfc21ac7bb","sha256:ec19c9af67981128d4ed69488bdf0193b47181e9e53ffabd76adf7227960d14b"],"state_sha256":"ec5ee6fbb6829866d2ee995aefca3c79127f72fd218514823d3ec86216831e89"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"shnjyYmxo6JgEyOX8hU/YA841q03nwy0ILxgTOllF5b9dTvixG2JU9ZQ6dIUJdAugZ47z8WLfrzp1LQDclN8Bw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-15T18:39:28.912626Z","bundle_sha256":"0da71e36e487a16714a139236ecb9d82ede301fba5af71f71669e25f92b2f956"}}