{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:VWKZV2KKX5ORHQQR7FIFWMTPF4","short_pith_number":"pith:VWKZV2KK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1107.2834","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.NC","submitted_at":"2011-07-14T14:14:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":["math.DS"],"title_canon_sha256":"14c8e57c18cf8fc82a3b2f11018f0ee5476d73a93a5a0fc04fedb22af0f4630e","abstract_canon_sha256":"e7189677159a860d64e4cef174c5158515f64492a76edc7c7c5b3ed70899e4d2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ad959ae94abf5d13c211f9505b326f2f31c2c0661f4879f1d1183f527f4b49ef","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1107.2834","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1107.2834","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1107.2834v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1107.2834","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VWKZV2KKX5OR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VWKZV2KKX5ORHQQR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VWKZV2KK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:44Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:VWKZV2KKX5ORHQQR7FIFWMTPF4","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1107.2834","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.NC","submitted_at":"2011-07-14T14:14:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":["math.DS"],"title_canon_sha256":"14c8e57c18cf8fc82a3b2f11018f0ee5476d73a93a5a0fc04fedb22af0f4630e","abstract_canon_sha256":"e7189677159a860d64e4cef174c5158515f64492a76edc7c7c5b3ed70899e4d2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ad959ae94abf5d13c211f9505b326f2f31c2c0661f4879f1d1183f527f4b49ef","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15.623499Z","signature_b64":"IChBeKsxyImfYqrQBUB2z0+m9ZXtfOcjIZasKbJE+F359DW3r4fysOcsD9+vy2tUEWfxoEzF8l/570bSVKP3Bw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ad959ae94abf5d13c211f9505b326f2f31c2c0661f4879f1d1183f527f4b49ef","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15.623135Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15.623135Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1107.2834","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vjYfcYQ4KFCuQeoHX7usJBGLyXoGl/AAb78vs0PJBP4qZi0IeOKDnHq+aL8Pb7TxMrrPevlZY/zauM9kTdf6CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T22:04:51.849295Z"},"content_sha256":"c030a3c96bde9464cb2c7f0011e6cdd0bb2f2a6fa1abddb8b9773e045486a7bc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c030a3c96bde9464cb2c7f0011e6cdd0bb2f2a6fa1abddb8b9773e045486a7bc"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:VWKZV2KKX5ORHQQR7FIFWMTPF4","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A showcase of torus canards in neuronal bursters","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["math.DS"],"primary_cat":"q-bio.NC","authors_text":"Anna M. Barry, John Burke, Mark A. Kramer, Mathieu Desroches, Tasso J. Kaper","submitted_at":"2011-07-14T14:14:29Z","abstract_excerpt":"Rapid action potential generation --- spiking --- and alternating intervals of spiking and quiescence --- bursting --- are two dynamic patterns observed in neuronal activity. In computational models of neuronal systems, the transition from spiking to bursting often exhibits complex bifurcation structure. One type of transition involves the torus canard, which was originally observed in a simple biophysical model of a Purkinje cell. In this article, we expand on that original result by showing that torus canards arise in a broad array of well-known computational neuronal models with three diffe"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1107.2834","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7rj4e70y9TdT0lI0aFGKTq2bv+AV/P2CCXPQqKRK4JHILSeZkFyTK3XDJT37ieXdNincJfq/0AJb4FClFyUqDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T22:04:51.849668Z"},"content_sha256":"ab68afed23dad596693b20617ff4feae10267262109e877a9fe2059e8b09d8d7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ab68afed23dad596693b20617ff4feae10267262109e877a9fe2059e8b09d8d7"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VWKZV2KKX5ORHQQR7FIFWMTPF4/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/VWKZV2KKX5ORHQQR7FIFWMTPF4/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VWKZV2KKX5ORHQQR7FIFWMTPF4/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T22:04:51Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/VWKZV2KKX5ORHQQR7FIFWMTPF4","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/VWKZV2KKX5ORHQQR7FIFWMTPF4/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/VWKZV2KKX5ORHQQR7FIFWMTPF4/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/VWKZV2KKX5ORHQQR7FIFWMTPF4/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:VWKZV2KKX5ORHQQR7FIFWMTPF4","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e7189677159a860d64e4cef174c5158515f64492a76edc7c7c5b3ed70899e4d2","cross_cats_sorted":["math.DS"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.NC","submitted_at":"2011-07-14T14:14:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"14c8e57c18cf8fc82a3b2f11018f0ee5476d73a93a5a0fc04fedb22af0f4630e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1107.2834","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1107.2834","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1107.2834v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1107.2834","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"VWKZV2KKX5OR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"VWKZV2KKX5ORHQQR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"VWKZV2KK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:44Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:ab68afed23dad596693b20617ff4feae10267262109e877a9fe2059e8b09d8d7","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Rapid action potential generation --- spiking --- and alternating intervals of spiking and quiescence --- bursting --- are two dynamic patterns observed in neuronal activity. In computational models of neuronal systems, the transition from spiking to bursting often exhibits complex bifurcation structure. One type of transition involves the torus canard, which was originally observed in a simple biophysical model of a Purkinje cell. In this article, we expand on that original result by showing that torus canards arise in a broad array of well-known computational neuronal models with three diffe","authors_text":"Anna M. Barry, John Burke, Mark A. Kramer, Mathieu Desroches, Tasso J. Kaper","cross_cats":["math.DS"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.NC","submitted_at":"2011-07-14T14:14:29Z","title":"A showcase of torus canards in neuronal bursters"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1107.2834","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c030a3c96bde9464cb2c7f0011e6cdd0bb2f2a6fa1abddb8b9773e045486a7bc","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e7189677159a860d64e4cef174c5158515f64492a76edc7c7c5b3ed70899e4d2","cross_cats_sorted":["math.DS"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.NC","submitted_at":"2011-07-14T14:14:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"14c8e57c18cf8fc82a3b2f11018f0ee5476d73a93a5a0fc04fedb22af0f4630e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1107.2834","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"ad959ae94abf5d13c211f9505b326f2f31c2c0661f4879f1d1183f527f4b49ef","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ad959ae94abf5d13c211f9505b326f2f31c2c0661f4879f1d1183f527f4b49ef","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15.623135Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15.623135Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"IChBeKsxyImfYqrQBUB2z0+m9ZXtfOcjIZasKbJE+F359DW3r4fysOcsD9+vy2tUEWfxoEzF8l/570bSVKP3Bw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:18:15.623499Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1107.2834","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c030a3c96bde9464cb2c7f0011e6cdd0bb2f2a6fa1abddb8b9773e045486a7bc","sha256:ab68afed23dad596693b20617ff4feae10267262109e877a9fe2059e8b09d8d7"],"state_sha256":"e4a16ed8d32d51fcc29c7dae0b7348b0c332fe78c3fdefb8bd3cc3e81b190846"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"/eQIKyM6hb9iFy+jjDRlnLkBGeAyyEEWH1ujlGCz2C1bJ3oMtsSksVoWdj0mZWCdmh+9W8R5HAn4tZaszCSVAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T22:04:51.851725Z","bundle_sha256":"f7d7555c7dc5e8e853ff196cf86eb1252833e03419d59dbf4099df58aff99a85"}}