{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:W4FLCS3K7YCN6DQXOT325AZGFC","short_pith_number":"pith:W4FLCS3K","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1701.03100","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2017-01-10T20:49:45Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c8694ac45a4bdacc9d6a2569f8a5533d59b12abdeaf81fedd1b12f82c10d5297","abstract_canon_sha256":"3a430ce1b9e6a0744358f93bfbdb302a63f627c7554da4f04b654683d7779c7a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b70ab14b6afe04df0e1774f7ae832628a916d46b0e2fc239cb74a18a85ad3f69","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1701.03100","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1701.03100","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1701.03100v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1701.03100","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"W4FLCS3K7YCN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"W4FLCS3K7YCN6DQX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"W4FLCS3K","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:49Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:W4FLCS3K7YCN6DQXOT325AZGFC","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1701.03100","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2017-01-10T20:49:45Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c8694ac45a4bdacc9d6a2569f8a5533d59b12abdeaf81fedd1b12f82c10d5297","abstract_canon_sha256":"3a430ce1b9e6a0744358f93bfbdb302a63f627c7554da4f04b654683d7779c7a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b70ab14b6afe04df0e1774f7ae832628a916d46b0e2fc239cb74a18a85ad3f69","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:30.764206Z","signature_b64":"6y7XUlIfJ46o+HA5HDTIQ4RDvsm138Zgdf6Q/loOn/AOI4rrTzC/mdG3SlA2Y4So6BqzY1H98nJPbRZXsAttDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b70ab14b6afe04df0e1774f7ae832628a916d46b0e2fc239cb74a18a85ad3f69","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:30.763802Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:30.763802Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1701.03100","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8nGsEadChSUyuMwKdWmnGqa1Wz6OKL0G9GiMQspX0pzmIJLXfEMFK+aU8RTLCSUGKUZ+VYcdjnp9LR96rKueBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-25T10:57:37.311670Z"},"content_sha256":"fac81c7879d962024f91e2cbeac4786d899148f3155a885c3e974530c2d6c180","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fac81c7879d962024f91e2cbeac4786d899148f3155a885c3e974530c2d6c180"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:W4FLCS3K7YCN6DQXOT325AZGFC","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Deconstructing the Tail at Scale Effect Across Network Protocols","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.NI","authors_text":"Akshitha Sriraman, Shan Su, Sihang Liu, Sinan Gunbay, Thomas F. Wenisch","submitted_at":"2017-01-10T20:49:45Z","abstract_excerpt":"Network latencies have become increasingly important for the performance of web servers and cloud computing platforms. Identifying network-related tail latencies and reasoning about their potential causes is especially important to gauge application run-time in online data-intensive applications, where the 99th percentile latency of individual operations can significantly affect the the overall latency of requests.\n  This paper deconstructs the \"tail at scale\" effect across TCP-IP, UDP-IP, and RDMA network protocols. Prior scholarly works have analyzed tail latencies caused by extrinsic networ"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1701.03100","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:30Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"z+vxyJQBXV7ZsEQdm9OypKLifqp0AYSFPTUzGIQSNqHftDmExj4zInq7/LWfb8fKgfbnHV9iE4lXP4/tx9xKCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-25T10:57:37.312010Z"},"content_sha256":"e7f810298018aef9e2df0933c7c508ac67c0a922edbc220f8d1449e01b6a7f08","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e7f810298018aef9e2df0933c7c508ac67c0a922edbc220f8d1449e01b6a7f08"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/W4FLCS3K7YCN6DQXOT325AZGFC/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/W4FLCS3K7YCN6DQXOT325AZGFC/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/W4FLCS3K7YCN6DQXOT325AZGFC/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-25T10:57:37Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/W4FLCS3K7YCN6DQXOT325AZGFC","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/W4FLCS3K7YCN6DQXOT325AZGFC/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/W4FLCS3K7YCN6DQXOT325AZGFC/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/W4FLCS3K7YCN6DQXOT325AZGFC/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:W4FLCS3K7YCN6DQXOT325AZGFC","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3a430ce1b9e6a0744358f93bfbdb302a63f627c7554da4f04b654683d7779c7a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2017-01-10T20:49:45Z","title_canon_sha256":"c8694ac45a4bdacc9d6a2569f8a5533d59b12abdeaf81fedd1b12f82c10d5297"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1701.03100","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1701.03100","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1701.03100v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1701.03100","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:30Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"W4FLCS3K7YCN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"W4FLCS3K7YCN6DQX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:49Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"W4FLCS3K","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:31:49Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e7f810298018aef9e2df0933c7c508ac67c0a922edbc220f8d1449e01b6a7f08","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Network latencies have become increasingly important for the performance of web servers and cloud computing platforms. Identifying network-related tail latencies and reasoning about their potential causes is especially important to gauge application run-time in online data-intensive applications, where the 99th percentile latency of individual operations can significantly affect the the overall latency of requests.\n  This paper deconstructs the \"tail at scale\" effect across TCP-IP, UDP-IP, and RDMA network protocols. Prior scholarly works have analyzed tail latencies caused by extrinsic networ","authors_text":"Akshitha Sriraman, Shan Su, Sihang Liu, Sinan Gunbay, Thomas F. Wenisch","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2017-01-10T20:49:45Z","title":"Deconstructing the Tail at Scale Effect Across Network Protocols"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1701.03100","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:fac81c7879d962024f91e2cbeac4786d899148f3155a885c3e974530c2d6c180","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:30Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3a430ce1b9e6a0744358f93bfbdb302a63f627c7554da4f04b654683d7779c7a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2017-01-10T20:49:45Z","title_canon_sha256":"c8694ac45a4bdacc9d6a2569f8a5533d59b12abdeaf81fedd1b12f82c10d5297"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1701.03100","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"b70ab14b6afe04df0e1774f7ae832628a916d46b0e2fc239cb74a18a85ad3f69","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b70ab14b6afe04df0e1774f7ae832628a916d46b0e2fc239cb74a18a85ad3f69","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:30.763802Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:30.763802Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"6y7XUlIfJ46o+HA5HDTIQ4RDvsm138Zgdf6Q/loOn/AOI4rrTzC/mdG3SlA2Y4So6BqzY1H98nJPbRZXsAttDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:40:30.764206Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1701.03100","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:fac81c7879d962024f91e2cbeac4786d899148f3155a885c3e974530c2d6c180","sha256:e7f810298018aef9e2df0933c7c508ac67c0a922edbc220f8d1449e01b6a7f08"],"state_sha256":"d78b54eb139b1baf6ec2a1ccfc95c3f61b2bd6f307b5ac2e7877be1227e8c0a4"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"FL649RfAjcTdk0p5AxKhpzGS+KHaNdRHQkJVhoqyXQssK4070HAcE8amCYiesLSTKW+KugpMLApvJgKe4NmaAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-25T10:57:37.313988Z","bundle_sha256":"9334955fdd450f216eb5d3bd7b2c4b638f8bc5943144598a24a987c7a6b2d4fb"}}