{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:WPQSNDSX7INYMWKBQHLNWH3VSF","short_pith_number":"pith:WPQSNDSX","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1805.00121","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-04-30T22:38:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.IR","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"c0b1f3f7d043746deb5028e82f275e80cbb897ee42ad3e7b56468b38aa05a67a","abstract_canon_sha256":"f2f26e9f74abb9b79ff19dff16823be34078de7098d3745b95783f4ce566258f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b3e1268e57fa1b86594181d6db1f75915d0c957844295e7d8523f99cb624f169","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1805.00121","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1805.00121","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1805.00121v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1805.00121","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WPQSNDSX7INY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WPQSNDSX7INYMWKB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WPQSNDSX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:WPQSNDSX7INYMWKBQHLNWH3VSF","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1805.00121","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-04-30T22:38:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.IR","stat.ML"],"title_canon_sha256":"c0b1f3f7d043746deb5028e82f275e80cbb897ee42ad3e7b56468b38aa05a67a","abstract_canon_sha256":"f2f26e9f74abb9b79ff19dff16823be34078de7098d3745b95783f4ce566258f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b3e1268e57fa1b86594181d6db1f75915d0c957844295e7d8523f99cb624f169","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:00.372518Z","signature_b64":"YgVnd1Lr0UiUCaYOjCbrl0NJjDqKc5/CjIIFGuUxC6i8Bp9a749h57tjGl92J1HPQ7p1KH2OZ4Xsa6alIhdaBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b3e1268e57fa1b86594181d6db1f75915d0c957844295e7d8523f99cb624f169","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:00.371867Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:00.371867Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1805.00121","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jOL730ACbuEcYWEWba2K+18fuojJco1M9WbCH8W+lZyxvbxy0LzAK5hGz2Irx8u74ABlwpKe3QjKjoIfrO8fBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-02T16:18:31.617567Z"},"content_sha256":"4bfa56495417f700ee045941e4af3b90fb2da8dd1bf187de29d85bac7c8bbbf3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4bfa56495417f700ee045941e4af3b90fb2da8dd1bf187de29d85bac7c8bbbf3"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:WPQSNDSX7INYMWKBQHLNWH3VSF","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Missing Information Loss function for implicit feedback datasets","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.IR","stat.ML"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Juan Ar\\'evalo, Juan Ram\\'on Duque, Marco Creatura","submitted_at":"2018-04-30T22:38:05Z","abstract_excerpt":"Latent factor models for Recommender Systems with implicit feedback typically treat unobserved user-item interactions (i.e. missing information) as negative feedback. This is frequently done either through negative sampling (point--wise loss) or with a ranking loss function (pair-- or list--wise estimation). Since a zero preference recommendation is a valid solution for most common objective functions, regarding unknown values as actual zeros results in users having a zero preference recommendation for most of the available items. In this paper we propose a novel objective function, the \\emph{"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1805.00121","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:00Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Y31A6KQEdyYORnHlxbq/XjCMs3lJ4eT3e37S0Ye/aWi7es6/V8vH+6Iz3y8F2d8eWzMumJYEReOe/t+Q2fvSAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-02T16:18:31.617912Z"},"content_sha256":"f8a22b76a14f161de7b725941ccdf3d4b7de351f1a96f95ed57a6612197d5044","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f8a22b76a14f161de7b725941ccdf3d4b7de351f1a96f95ed57a6612197d5044"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WPQSNDSX7INYMWKBQHLNWH3VSF/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/WPQSNDSX7INYMWKBQHLNWH3VSF/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WPQSNDSX7INYMWKBQHLNWH3VSF/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-02T16:18:31Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/WPQSNDSX7INYMWKBQHLNWH3VSF","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/WPQSNDSX7INYMWKBQHLNWH3VSF/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/WPQSNDSX7INYMWKBQHLNWH3VSF/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/WPQSNDSX7INYMWKBQHLNWH3VSF/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:WPQSNDSX7INYMWKBQHLNWH3VSF","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f2f26e9f74abb9b79ff19dff16823be34078de7098d3745b95783f4ce566258f","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.IR","stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-04-30T22:38:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"c0b1f3f7d043746deb5028e82f275e80cbb897ee42ad3e7b56468b38aa05a67a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1805.00121","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1805.00121","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1805.00121v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1805.00121","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:00Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"WPQSNDSX7INY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"WPQSNDSX7INYMWKB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"WPQSNDSX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:01Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f8a22b76a14f161de7b725941ccdf3d4b7de351f1a96f95ed57a6612197d5044","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Latent factor models for Recommender Systems with implicit feedback typically treat unobserved user-item interactions (i.e. missing information) as negative feedback. This is frequently done either through negative sampling (point--wise loss) or with a ranking loss function (pair-- or list--wise estimation). Since a zero preference recommendation is a valid solution for most common objective functions, regarding unknown values as actual zeros results in users having a zero preference recommendation for most of the available items. In this paper we propose a novel objective function, the \\emph{","authors_text":"Juan Ar\\'evalo, Juan Ram\\'on Duque, Marco Creatura","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.IR","stat.ML"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-04-30T22:38:05Z","title":"A Missing Information Loss function for implicit feedback datasets"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1805.00121","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4bfa56495417f700ee045941e4af3b90fb2da8dd1bf187de29d85bac7c8bbbf3","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:00Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f2f26e9f74abb9b79ff19dff16823be34078de7098d3745b95783f4ce566258f","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.IR","stat.ML"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2018-04-30T22:38:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"c0b1f3f7d043746deb5028e82f275e80cbb897ee42ad3e7b56468b38aa05a67a"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1805.00121","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"b3e1268e57fa1b86594181d6db1f75915d0c957844295e7d8523f99cb624f169","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b3e1268e57fa1b86594181d6db1f75915d0c957844295e7d8523f99cb624f169","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:00.371867Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:00.371867Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"YgVnd1Lr0UiUCaYOjCbrl0NJjDqKc5/CjIIFGuUxC6i8Bp9a749h57tjGl92J1HPQ7p1KH2OZ4Xsa6alIhdaBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:08:00.372518Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1805.00121","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4bfa56495417f700ee045941e4af3b90fb2da8dd1bf187de29d85bac7c8bbbf3","sha256:f8a22b76a14f161de7b725941ccdf3d4b7de351f1a96f95ed57a6612197d5044"],"state_sha256":"f32a23ea6b9305bbc4b56a7aa3a61037b75723e8315e4b2e0c9f22fd33877221"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7mKlkhSr6wUUbDLyVaE4hrOtv1ozI18HdocxAygP/j2zVbDZ8jDNU9vbBjVFjK6yxo+0j8ky6GnfmWGUDmW5Bg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-02T16:18:31.619903Z","bundle_sha256":"943bf8e6fb396cbb233ee521bcc444c171436aea87e5bf5c1ae94ca12ff90947"}}