{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1994:XGV3KOESM3WDY7L3CBGCCURLOK","short_pith_number":"pith:XGV3KOES","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"hep-th/9411178","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"1994-11-24T00:56:18Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"9d54cce4a822f61cf45ad7a60fa19556a77bfd307588e0a543356c1b75b839e5","abstract_canon_sha256":"a6df9b10e1891571db5bb8c769e5067c6893327aef8b8beb606ad3fec9e27dc2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b9abb5389266ec3c7d7b104c21522b728cb960906df3b4b5bdfa8af284633135","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"hep-th/9411178","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"hep-th/9411178","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"hep-th/9411178v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/9411178","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XGV3KOESM3WD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XGV3KOESM3WDY7L3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XGV3KOES","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:1994:XGV3KOESM3WDY7L3CBGCCURLOK","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"hep-th/9411178","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"1994-11-24T00:56:18Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"9d54cce4a822f61cf45ad7a60fa19556a77bfd307588e0a543356c1b75b839e5","abstract_canon_sha256":"a6df9b10e1891571db5bb8c769e5067c6893327aef8b8beb606ad3fec9e27dc2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"b9abb5389266ec3c7d7b104c21522b728cb960906df3b4b5bdfa8af284633135","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16.103669Z","signature_b64":"RPPL+PC/pXlJfCqD7Ymja3LmIoGuS7Gxr7sdq3hmwVCN7W7uAXTXsWwEkenTmjizHltTaVEipmS7/JGh8bu9AA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"b9abb5389266ec3c7d7b104c21522b728cb960906df3b4b5bdfa8af284633135","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16.103134Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16.103134Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"hep-th/9411178","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"FtwzbkeolSz5DFAYoFPpk8uNSE0ZPsyjmoG7F5zEWwj+7Ep1vmWXLBQzOWLewJLjNi7E7zssOp8UaS/9cemgCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-04T22:02:17.950123Z"},"content_sha256":"fc8b1bac639fc7003208957d55ab60e0b7b122ea5f9d9a83bac28e712166075e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:fc8b1bac639fc7003208957d55ab60e0b7b122ea5f9d9a83bac28e712166075e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:1994:XGV3KOESM3WDY7L3CBGCCURLOK","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Evidence for Non-perturbative String Symmetries","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"John H. Schwarz","submitted_at":"1994-11-24T00:56:18Z","abstract_excerpt":"String theory appears to admit a group of discrete field transformations -- called $S$ dualities -- as exact non-perturbative quantum symmetries. Mathematically, they are rather analogous to the better-known $T$ duality symmetries, which hold perturbatively. In this talk the evidence for $S$ duality is reviewed and some speculations are presented."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"hep-th/9411178","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"oDMbUcph5nlneKVKdNBhH6pcGXIZiCuWkjbnruFWyvTD4PU9SzPDixjpKt9ru4eQXU03vOG7uBdZF+1f4q1XBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-04T22:02:17.950489Z"},"content_sha256":"2ac3a3f275e103aa23fd04b7f3afd52f97dc63da9bbe9608c9c439fafd6c1f1e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2ac3a3f275e103aa23fd04b7f3afd52f97dc63da9bbe9608c9c439fafd6c1f1e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XGV3KOESM3WDY7L3CBGCCURLOK/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XGV3KOESM3WDY7L3CBGCCURLOK/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XGV3KOESM3WDY7L3CBGCCURLOK/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-04T22:02:17Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/XGV3KOESM3WDY7L3CBGCCURLOK","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/XGV3KOESM3WDY7L3CBGCCURLOK/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/XGV3KOESM3WDY7L3CBGCCURLOK/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XGV3KOESM3WDY7L3CBGCCURLOK/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1994:XGV3KOESM3WDY7L3CBGCCURLOK","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a6df9b10e1891571db5bb8c769e5067c6893327aef8b8beb606ad3fec9e27dc2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"1994-11-24T00:56:18Z","title_canon_sha256":"9d54cce4a822f61cf45ad7a60fa19556a77bfd307588e0a543356c1b75b839e5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"hep-th/9411178","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"hep-th/9411178","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"hep-th/9411178v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/9411178","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XGV3KOESM3WD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XGV3KOESM3WDY7L3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XGV3KOES","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:2ac3a3f275e103aa23fd04b7f3afd52f97dc63da9bbe9608c9c439fafd6c1f1e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"String theory appears to admit a group of discrete field transformations -- called $S$ dualities -- as exact non-perturbative quantum symmetries. Mathematically, they are rather analogous to the better-known $T$ duality symmetries, which hold perturbatively. In this talk the evidence for $S$ duality is reviewed and some speculations are presented.","authors_text":"John H. Schwarz","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"1994-11-24T00:56:18Z","title":"Evidence for Non-perturbative String Symmetries"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"hep-th/9411178","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:fc8b1bac639fc7003208957d55ab60e0b7b122ea5f9d9a83bac28e712166075e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a6df9b10e1891571db5bb8c769e5067c6893327aef8b8beb606ad3fec9e27dc2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"1994-11-24T00:56:18Z","title_canon_sha256":"9d54cce4a822f61cf45ad7a60fa19556a77bfd307588e0a543356c1b75b839e5"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"hep-th/9411178","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"b9abb5389266ec3c7d7b104c21522b728cb960906df3b4b5bdfa8af284633135","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"b9abb5389266ec3c7d7b104c21522b728cb960906df3b4b5bdfa8af284633135","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16.103134Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16.103134Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"RPPL+PC/pXlJfCqD7Ymja3LmIoGuS7Gxr7sdq3hmwVCN7W7uAXTXsWwEkenTmjizHltTaVEipmS7/JGh8bu9AA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16.103669Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"hep-th/9411178","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:fc8b1bac639fc7003208957d55ab60e0b7b122ea5f9d9a83bac28e712166075e","sha256:2ac3a3f275e103aa23fd04b7f3afd52f97dc63da9bbe9608c9c439fafd6c1f1e"],"state_sha256":"a9a68af5d3e3ee7d7cbcd07c0673a731e6a546f0667e81dbda4209e691fde9c3"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"B1Bs1hnTgG9aRMyqT0U2M/F6aV7duk4XtnP9IrViRxS8jHOKgsNc85kS8mtjyZ0AiBftEgeGdno/S05H+i/lAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-04T22:02:17.952592Z","bundle_sha256":"e1b23115869353b9fba0d3d0e0e80543f4a3403bc5d09e82c1d139efd5c51424"}}