{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:XOKBBB75YJ274LDK5B25OYBINW","short_pith_number":"pith:XOKBBB75","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1102.2681","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2011-02-14T06:08:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"5bf9138c45cd377fa05258e5f6c50183956a5d25cad7eb228abcda2005a86507","abstract_canon_sha256":"4fe1457dbd8eebf8c6fe696b436c3c43cb13be9a859ef3001f05dc6acede5cb0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bb941087fdc275fe2c6ae875d760286d8c460cb9df60c8cbe5bfe777aae473b8","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1102.2681","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1102.2681","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:28:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1102.2681v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:28:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1102.2681","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:28:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XOKBBB75YJ27","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XOKBBB75YJ274LDK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XOKBBB75","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:47Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:XOKBBB75YJ274LDK5B25OYBINW","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1102.2681","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2011-02-14T06:08:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"5bf9138c45cd377fa05258e5f6c50183956a5d25cad7eb228abcda2005a86507","abstract_canon_sha256":"4fe1457dbd8eebf8c6fe696b436c3c43cb13be9a859ef3001f05dc6acede5cb0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"bb941087fdc275fe2c6ae875d760286d8c460cb9df60c8cbe5bfe777aae473b8","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:28:46.723292Z","signature_b64":"yVOFMvhlnukr4v7JMfiMBNRJ8Olrjp8gOlLBHnWbVLsE96oH4xz5h2ILPY0Tncy1nUQHHrJpMrcX6JFgEf5DBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"bb941087fdc275fe2c6ae875d760286d8c460cb9df60c8cbe5bfe777aae473b8","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:28:46.722699Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:28:46.722699Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1102.2681","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:28:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"S77wUnTv9bLb0+ttEHdGQv19djFR25RhrVyhRM/ftLgC8v/fFheQUbB/Zd+c8k7d8CtEv73AQ7TrGtpBxA7qCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T06:09:25.107006Z"},"content_sha256":"2470f7ea156636053e92b9a1fe3f73dffabb6650d43f7f2fcfe2c20bec86b7d7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2470f7ea156636053e92b9a1fe3f73dffabb6650d43f7f2fcfe2c20bec86b7d7"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:XOKBBB75YJ274LDK5B25OYBINW","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Edge effect on resistance scaling rules in graphene nanostructures","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","authors_text":"Carlos M. Torres Jr., Emil B. Song, Guangyu Xu, Jianshi Tang, Jingwei Bai, Kang L. Wang, Xiangfeng Duan, Yuegang Zhang, Yu Huang","submitted_at":"2011-02-14T06:08:14Z","abstract_excerpt":"We report an experimental investigation of the edge effect on the room-temperature transport in graphene nanoribbon and graphene sheet (both single-layer and bilayer). By measuring the resistance scaling behaviors at both low and high carrier densities, we show that the transport of single-layer nanoribbons lies in a strong localization regime, which can be attributed to an edge effect. We find that this edge effect can be weakened by enlarging the width, decreasing the carrier densities or adding an extra layer. From graphene nanoribbon to graphene sheet, the data show a dimensional crossover"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1102.2681","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:28:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"pqJET1baBm5+NF7jl5FXJzHkYh6+c4FL4v0YofU69B9XOeU2EdPQuQdN1EgK04vPOWYD0FRK52R1x7UBCWYZAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T06:09:25.107370Z"},"content_sha256":"af02aaa6494935968a7fc116231663ffd5dcd00a25a16e8e6b68ec91940b9cef","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:af02aaa6494935968a7fc116231663ffd5dcd00a25a16e8e6b68ec91940b9cef"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XOKBBB75YJ274LDK5B25OYBINW/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/XOKBBB75YJ274LDK5B25OYBINW/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XOKBBB75YJ274LDK5B25OYBINW/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-01T06:09:25Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/XOKBBB75YJ274LDK5B25OYBINW","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/XOKBBB75YJ274LDK5B25OYBINW/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/XOKBBB75YJ274LDK5B25OYBINW/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/XOKBBB75YJ274LDK5B25OYBINW/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:XOKBBB75YJ274LDK5B25OYBINW","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4fe1457dbd8eebf8c6fe696b436c3c43cb13be9a859ef3001f05dc6acede5cb0","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2011-02-14T06:08:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"5bf9138c45cd377fa05258e5f6c50183956a5d25cad7eb228abcda2005a86507"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1102.2681","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1102.2681","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:28:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1102.2681v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:28:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1102.2681","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:28:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"XOKBBB75YJ27","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"XOKBBB75YJ274LDK","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"XOKBBB75","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:47Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:af02aaa6494935968a7fc116231663ffd5dcd00a25a16e8e6b68ec91940b9cef","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:28:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We report an experimental investigation of the edge effect on the room-temperature transport in graphene nanoribbon and graphene sheet (both single-layer and bilayer). By measuring the resistance scaling behaviors at both low and high carrier densities, we show that the transport of single-layer nanoribbons lies in a strong localization regime, which can be attributed to an edge effect. We find that this edge effect can be weakened by enlarging the width, decreasing the carrier densities or adding an extra layer. From graphene nanoribbon to graphene sheet, the data show a dimensional crossover","authors_text":"Carlos M. Torres Jr., Emil B. Song, Guangyu Xu, Jianshi Tang, Jingwei Bai, Kang L. Wang, Xiangfeng Duan, Yuegang Zhang, Yu Huang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2011-02-14T06:08:14Z","title":"Edge effect on resistance scaling rules in graphene nanostructures"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1102.2681","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:2470f7ea156636053e92b9a1fe3f73dffabb6650d43f7f2fcfe2c20bec86b7d7","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:28:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"4fe1457dbd8eebf8c6fe696b436c3c43cb13be9a859ef3001f05dc6acede5cb0","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2011-02-14T06:08:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"5bf9138c45cd377fa05258e5f6c50183956a5d25cad7eb228abcda2005a86507"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1102.2681","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"bb941087fdc275fe2c6ae875d760286d8c460cb9df60c8cbe5bfe777aae473b8","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"bb941087fdc275fe2c6ae875d760286d8c460cb9df60c8cbe5bfe777aae473b8","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:28:46.722699Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:28:46.722699Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"yVOFMvhlnukr4v7JMfiMBNRJ8Olrjp8gOlLBHnWbVLsE96oH4xz5h2ILPY0Tncy1nUQHHrJpMrcX6JFgEf5DBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:28:46.723292Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1102.2681","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:2470f7ea156636053e92b9a1fe3f73dffabb6650d43f7f2fcfe2c20bec86b7d7","sha256:af02aaa6494935968a7fc116231663ffd5dcd00a25a16e8e6b68ec91940b9cef"],"state_sha256":"d972fe63aaf6dbab3adc5368f46836afe8556e779c4a9a8d474d14688e5959ab"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"YO9OiEu5z8E6dqg33PJ00DT5ZVZGGFEE6Yq40CcwiQWUqkxZF05E+ecZGgjcJJTB6yr0PGBSfj+3qSy1HSFACg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-01T06:09:25.109435Z","bundle_sha256":"b769168f7c109314fb6fd8b0ccced7cd437c1b126f7ba06a11db7f6aaedf3fb1"}}