{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:YBEJG6NWJIN5YMER4VU4LVYW7M","short_pith_number":"pith:YBEJG6NW","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1512.01998","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2015-12-07T11:54:45Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.IT","math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"4fe06fb8f293177e33c45adaacf05e739e26cadd52f7acb8476cd2c82f2e1eb3","abstract_canon_sha256":"6fba5b95a65cf3f6c95468e253497aa04c290a3fca6c231e79b2b25f1a427d23"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c0489379b64a1bdc3091e569c5d716fb1b78b74f9fd9eb6c363bf69712c41f26","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1512.01998","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1512.01998","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1512.01998v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1512.01998","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YBEJG6NWJIN5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YBEJG6NWJIN5YMER","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YBEJG6NW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:50Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:YBEJG6NWJIN5YMER4VU4LVYW7M","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1512.01998","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2015-12-07T11:54:45Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.IT","math.IT"],"title_canon_sha256":"4fe06fb8f293177e33c45adaacf05e739e26cadd52f7acb8476cd2c82f2e1eb3","abstract_canon_sha256":"6fba5b95a65cf3f6c95468e253497aa04c290a3fca6c231e79b2b25f1a427d23"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c0489379b64a1bdc3091e569c5d716fb1b78b74f9fd9eb6c363bf69712c41f26","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:09.832958Z","signature_b64":"5ZJp5ir9+LJmMLXHwCEoTRdgzqsImMbK0vvHlHJx1Uyk+KaKX1as9SZyDhO25obV9MViXQGTdryyAdVOrGcmCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c0489379b64a1bdc3091e569c5d716fb1b78b74f9fd9eb6c363bf69712c41f26","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:09.832424Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:09.832424Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1512.01998","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tH0qXA20j7xAqGyPPa7eQxAHwO8hdYoYovYVgYGphywNlnGoEVXq78i5547E9fRvTcRi5NreM1Ibdi6OJB/cDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-23T09:57:00.732992Z"},"content_sha256":"b0fefed4dde33f8d50220f14d77d0a055dc97f2782269a8489f74804896c6d0b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b0fefed4dde33f8d50220f14d77d0a055dc97f2782269a8489f74804896c6d0b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:YBEJG6NWJIN5YMER4VU4LVYW7M","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Energy Efficiency of Massive MIMO: Coping with Daily Load Variation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.IT","math.IT"],"primary_cat":"cs.NI","authors_text":"Cicek Cavdar, Emil Bj\\\"ornson, M M Aftab Hossain, Riku J\\\"antti","submitted_at":"2015-12-07T11:54:45Z","abstract_excerpt":"Massive MIMO is a promising technique to meet the exponential growth of mobile traffic demand. However, contrary to the current systems, energy consumption of next generation networks is required to be load adaptive as the network load varies significantly throughout the day. In this paper, we propose a load adaptive multi-cell massive MIMO system where each base station (BS) adapts the number of antennas to the daily load profile (DLP) in order to maximize the downlink energy efficiency (EE). In order to incorporate the DLP, the load at each BS is modeled as an M/G/m/m state dependent queue u"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1512.01998","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:09Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"yKksKRIxDe/Gz0g3cc3W9ilnrdgx/Bll4kFor+bsRQiXoWYZ8D7px334qd0uhqaW2dfcQmNynapL3IxcmqUKCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-23T09:57:00.733350Z"},"content_sha256":"767b1dc49d645d3144c688c627e8795da18f3c521c32026065f4d9d27fe0f8ab","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:767b1dc49d645d3144c688c627e8795da18f3c521c32026065f4d9d27fe0f8ab"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YBEJG6NWJIN5YMER4VU4LVYW7M/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YBEJG6NWJIN5YMER4VU4LVYW7M/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YBEJG6NWJIN5YMER4VU4LVYW7M/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-23T09:57:00Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YBEJG6NWJIN5YMER4VU4LVYW7M","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YBEJG6NWJIN5YMER4VU4LVYW7M/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YBEJG6NWJIN5YMER4VU4LVYW7M/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YBEJG6NWJIN5YMER4VU4LVYW7M/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:YBEJG6NWJIN5YMER4VU4LVYW7M","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6fba5b95a65cf3f6c95468e253497aa04c290a3fca6c231e79b2b25f1a427d23","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.IT","math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2015-12-07T11:54:45Z","title_canon_sha256":"4fe06fb8f293177e33c45adaacf05e739e26cadd52f7acb8476cd2c82f2e1eb3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1512.01998","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1512.01998","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1512.01998v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1512.01998","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:09Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YBEJG6NWJIN5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YBEJG6NWJIN5YMER","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:50Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YBEJG6NW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:50Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:767b1dc49d645d3144c688c627e8795da18f3c521c32026065f4d9d27fe0f8ab","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Massive MIMO is a promising technique to meet the exponential growth of mobile traffic demand. However, contrary to the current systems, energy consumption of next generation networks is required to be load adaptive as the network load varies significantly throughout the day. In this paper, we propose a load adaptive multi-cell massive MIMO system where each base station (BS) adapts the number of antennas to the daily load profile (DLP) in order to maximize the downlink energy efficiency (EE). In order to incorporate the DLP, the load at each BS is modeled as an M/G/m/m state dependent queue u","authors_text":"Cicek Cavdar, Emil Bj\\\"ornson, M M Aftab Hossain, Riku J\\\"antti","cross_cats":["cs.IT","math.IT"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2015-12-07T11:54:45Z","title":"Energy Efficiency of Massive MIMO: Coping with Daily Load Variation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1512.01998","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b0fefed4dde33f8d50220f14d77d0a055dc97f2782269a8489f74804896c6d0b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:09Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6fba5b95a65cf3f6c95468e253497aa04c290a3fca6c231e79b2b25f1a427d23","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.IT","math.IT"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.NI","submitted_at":"2015-12-07T11:54:45Z","title_canon_sha256":"4fe06fb8f293177e33c45adaacf05e739e26cadd52f7acb8476cd2c82f2e1eb3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1512.01998","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"c0489379b64a1bdc3091e569c5d716fb1b78b74f9fd9eb6c363bf69712c41f26","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c0489379b64a1bdc3091e569c5d716fb1b78b74f9fd9eb6c363bf69712c41f26","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:09.832424Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:09.832424Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"5ZJp5ir9+LJmMLXHwCEoTRdgzqsImMbK0vvHlHJx1Uyk+KaKX1as9SZyDhO25obV9MViXQGTdryyAdVOrGcmCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:25:09.832958Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1512.01998","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b0fefed4dde33f8d50220f14d77d0a055dc97f2782269a8489f74804896c6d0b","sha256:767b1dc49d645d3144c688c627e8795da18f3c521c32026065f4d9d27fe0f8ab"],"state_sha256":"9b8769da0f212fa6a3c2aedd97bcf752eb6d3599374a46558056949f0966f1b7"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Yaw3J5i+uLsdWzJYxYFriJ5jCA08RwWmCe1x7/3dqbI6tTvdtejFyfF0zd3czXq86UdbsUbdqVA194VA93FeCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-23T09:57:00.735205Z","bundle_sha256":"249994983fac021139074addafa8dde85969e3fd1b97fcdd2249e16096dffb68"}}