{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:YCFFVNHSGTAL3C2R4D46WXQYAW","short_pith_number":"pith:YCFFVNHS","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2405.03544","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-05-06T15:06:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"25af92da8f15d46a0f9fa1396cca7ab67bb62ed2baa204917e477b0f4a01b34e","abstract_canon_sha256":"04e9e4223ef273b7c8a144723dda7a2431b7f6127c3cca5f7eeef2c25f475004"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c08a5ab4f234c0bd8b51e0f9eb5e18059abc2f84b128623b3af4274a3673e2fa","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2405.03544","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2405.03544","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2405.03544v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2405.03544","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YCFFVNHSGTAL","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YCFFVNHSGTAL3C2R","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YCFFVNHS","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:YCFFVNHSGTAL3C2R4D46WXQYAW","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2405.03544","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-05-06T15:06:56Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"25af92da8f15d46a0f9fa1396cca7ab67bb62ed2baa204917e477b0f4a01b34e","abstract_canon_sha256":"04e9e4223ef273b7c8a144723dda7a2431b7f6127c3cca5f7eeef2c25f475004"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"c08a5ab4f234c0bd8b51e0f9eb5e18059abc2f84b128623b3af4274a3673e2fa","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46.452490Z","signature_b64":"B0TXylonUqCzw9WQVzzV/w8/CDCvXV3ylf7l9cpA3ixrVCWYkQxkrm+lPFZlsJ/W7nSFjDAwYx2DkmqiWQrWAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"c08a5ab4f234c0bd8b51e0f9eb5e18059abc2f84b128623b3af4274a3673e2fa","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46.452026Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46.452026Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2405.03544","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"AFHaqL2PBSMPTjz4K/ZeTICTDLIZPoCoVq8HYO5T0yVaz8WQzeQZKoG/A1J8mnpLP9qJIx/xAx8GME2VpQ7mDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T11:41:34.405375Z"},"content_sha256":"c4748d797999cbff94123c9f74d774b67edbcc1026e77e6e8a1d0433d8916e97","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c4748d797999cbff94123c9f74d774b67edbcc1026e77e6e8a1d0433d8916e97"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:YCFFVNHSGTAL3C2R4D46WXQYAW","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Formal Model of Security Controls' Capabilities and Its Applications to Policy Refinement and Incident Management","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Cataldo Basile, Francesco Settanni, Gabriele Gatti","submitted_at":"2024-05-06T15:06:56Z","abstract_excerpt":"Enforcing security requirements in networked information systems relies on security controls to mitigate the risks from increasingly dangerous threats. Configuring security controls is challenging; even nowadays, administrators must perform it without adequate tool support. Hence, this process is plagued by errors that translate to insecure postures, security incidents, and a lack of promptness in answering threats. This paper presents the Security Capability Model (SCM), a formal model that abstracts the features that security controls offer for enforcing security policies, which includes an "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2405.03544","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2405.03544/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qHJf+TH/hPASslBoD/GFAwIBirfcEWUWNh/rZD0ir1zGayepJoD/9IE2J7ZbiIrN5DoivizcEve1JrgERwEVDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T11:41:34.405757Z"},"content_sha256":"f364defe6440f446a81449a4806bac7959c672fcecca1776e5afdfae00d1cd09","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f364defe6440f446a81449a4806bac7959c672fcecca1776e5afdfae00d1cd09"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YCFFVNHSGTAL3C2R4D46WXQYAW/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/YCFFVNHSGTAL3C2R4D46WXQYAW/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YCFFVNHSGTAL3C2R4D46WXQYAW/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-07T11:41:34Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/YCFFVNHSGTAL3C2R4D46WXQYAW","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/YCFFVNHSGTAL3C2R4D46WXQYAW/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/YCFFVNHSGTAL3C2R4D46WXQYAW/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/YCFFVNHSGTAL3C2R4D46WXQYAW/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:YCFFVNHSGTAL3C2R4D46WXQYAW","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"04e9e4223ef273b7c8a144723dda7a2431b7f6127c3cca5f7eeef2c25f475004","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-05-06T15:06:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"25af92da8f15d46a0f9fa1396cca7ab67bb62ed2baa204917e477b0f4a01b34e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2405.03544","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2405.03544","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2405.03544v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2405.03544","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"YCFFVNHSGTAL","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"YCFFVNHSGTAL3C2R","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"YCFFVNHS","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f364defe6440f446a81449a4806bac7959c672fcecca1776e5afdfae00d1cd09","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2405.03544/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Enforcing security requirements in networked information systems relies on security controls to mitigate the risks from increasingly dangerous threats. Configuring security controls is challenging; even nowadays, administrators must perform it without adequate tool support. Hence, this process is plagued by errors that translate to insecure postures, security incidents, and a lack of promptness in answering threats. This paper presents the Security Capability Model (SCM), a formal model that abstracts the features that security controls offer for enforcing security policies, which includes an ","authors_text":"Cataldo Basile, Francesco Settanni, Gabriele Gatti","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-05-06T15:06:56Z","title":"A Formal Model of Security Controls' Capabilities and Its Applications to Policy Refinement and Incident Management"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2405.03544","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c4748d797999cbff94123c9f74d774b67edbcc1026e77e6e8a1d0433d8916e97","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"04e9e4223ef273b7c8a144723dda7a2431b7f6127c3cca5f7eeef2c25f475004","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2024-05-06T15:06:56Z","title_canon_sha256":"25af92da8f15d46a0f9fa1396cca7ab67bb62ed2baa204917e477b0f4a01b34e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2405.03544","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"c08a5ab4f234c0bd8b51e0f9eb5e18059abc2f84b128623b3af4274a3673e2fa","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"c08a5ab4f234c0bd8b51e0f9eb5e18059abc2f84b128623b3af4274a3673e2fa","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46.452026Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46.452026Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"B0TXylonUqCzw9WQVzzV/w8/CDCvXV3ylf7l9cpA3ixrVCWYkQxkrm+lPFZlsJ/W7nSFjDAwYx2DkmqiWQrWAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:59:46.452490Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2405.03544","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c4748d797999cbff94123c9f74d774b67edbcc1026e77e6e8a1d0433d8916e97","sha256:f364defe6440f446a81449a4806bac7959c672fcecca1776e5afdfae00d1cd09"],"state_sha256":"46c385d946b0feabe7a8abc990974f0270fd55f18d1eab086cc638ff3a1eacf3"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LBAXpJXJGA9GM5WMukLEkoAp2M5hy7tZDomOgn0rUKVQaqYZ8sUUZh0Nuo8kJsDPkGC0nKfRUWs/heWWJSaGCg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T11:41:34.407685Z","bundle_sha256":"d6e10be15015e2b4f49d0a243daf47ee439250dad4020d1c9fc73fd43dafc102"}}