{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:ZPISJJ27ADM4FO7B2MOFNXYXVG","short_pith_number":"pith:ZPISJJ27","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1807.06087","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2018-07-16T20:09:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b4e324df37ecee72a69e2e90131ee4d1c6560a5bf07582f4edde9794b58b8eee","abstract_canon_sha256":"eb112dd095f888c4baaa5bd1c727857a29675a9ac1609e1235c0f7c33a405df9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cbd124a75f00d9c2bbe1d31c56df17a997f521af33053b32bafbf8dc5fb1fe5f","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1807.06087","version":4},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1807.06087","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1807.06087v4","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1807.06087","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZPISJJ27ADM4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZPISJJ27ADM4FO7B","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZPISJJ27","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:07Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:ZPISJJ27ADM4FO7B2MOFNXYXVG","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1807.06087","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2018-07-16T20:09:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"b4e324df37ecee72a69e2e90131ee4d1c6560a5bf07582f4edde9794b58b8eee","abstract_canon_sha256":"eb112dd095f888c4baaa5bd1c727857a29675a9ac1609e1235c0f7c33a405df9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"cbd124a75f00d9c2bbe1d31c56df17a997f521af33053b32bafbf8dc5fb1fe5f","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:38.032556Z","signature_b64":"Snyrb0ZlsTfL4wuj2u3hyWZHrv+nCXR7/DuIytNF0nWYrR67VN9LDbGWnEwBicXkQJ0z5dBWo0R/QHYWHb1OCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"cbd124a75f00d9c2bbe1d31c56df17a997f521af33053b32bafbf8dc5fb1fe5f","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:38.032151Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:38.032151Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1807.06087","source_version":4,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"MsDUPvZpVfsokmpEQ2VrAPiWqZQJvrsAj3EjD6uGV+s+ejJtKPZqyor81YyrXRcoePH1mYJm3Sifw/xmtlkiBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T04:20:44.172116Z"},"content_sha256":"2c24aa8531639e3f67d39ec8f7189c5734b501e8e555c64a37c2f1a3e01601ec","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:2c24aa8531639e3f67d39ec8f7189c5734b501e8e555c64a37c2f1a3e01601ec"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:ZPISJJ27ADM4FO7B2MOFNXYXVG","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Towards a Theory of Software Development Expertise","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.SE","authors_text":"Sebastian Baltes, Stephan Diehl","submitted_at":"2018-07-16T20:09:25Z","abstract_excerpt":"Software development includes diverse tasks such as implementing new features, analyzing requirements, and fixing bugs. Being an expert in those tasks requires a certain set of skills, knowledge, and experience. Several studies investigated individual aspects of software development expertise, but what is missing is a comprehensive theory. We present a first conceptual theory of software development expertise that is grounded in data from a mixed-methods survey with 335 software developers and in literature on expertise and expert performance. Our theory currently focuses on programming, but a"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1807.06087","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"samEvRXn7FtJf1x1FhakhuNFROklzjziTPF+jckmKh0zKnwsJD4g3mw9dWoVhZedRHK97pSKWrDpMTPbQ3nMAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T04:20:44.172580Z"},"content_sha256":"29e081ec08fc5eec6f9cb341e77d4b7eabe9b37e85751c94e7ac274f9fb56dde","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:29e081ec08fc5eec6f9cb341e77d4b7eabe9b37e85751c94e7ac274f9fb56dde"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZPISJJ27ADM4FO7B2MOFNXYXVG/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/ZPISJJ27ADM4FO7B2MOFNXYXVG/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZPISJJ27ADM4FO7B2MOFNXYXVG/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T04:20:44Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/ZPISJJ27ADM4FO7B2MOFNXYXVG","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/ZPISJJ27ADM4FO7B2MOFNXYXVG/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/ZPISJJ27ADM4FO7B2MOFNXYXVG/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/ZPISJJ27ADM4FO7B2MOFNXYXVG/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:ZPISJJ27ADM4FO7B2MOFNXYXVG","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"eb112dd095f888c4baaa5bd1c727857a29675a9ac1609e1235c0f7c33a405df9","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2018-07-16T20:09:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"b4e324df37ecee72a69e2e90131ee4d1c6560a5bf07582f4edde9794b58b8eee"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1807.06087","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1807.06087","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1807.06087v4","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1807.06087","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"ZPISJJ27ADM4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"ZPISJJ27ADM4FO7B","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"ZPISJJ27","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:33:07Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:29e081ec08fc5eec6f9cb341e77d4b7eabe9b37e85751c94e7ac274f9fb56dde","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Software development includes diverse tasks such as implementing new features, analyzing requirements, and fixing bugs. Being an expert in those tasks requires a certain set of skills, knowledge, and experience. Several studies investigated individual aspects of software development expertise, but what is missing is a comprehensive theory. We present a first conceptual theory of software development expertise that is grounded in data from a mixed-methods survey with 335 software developers and in literature on expertise and expert performance. Our theory currently focuses on programming, but a","authors_text":"Sebastian Baltes, Stephan Diehl","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2018-07-16T20:09:25Z","title":"Towards a Theory of Software Development Expertise"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1807.06087","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:2c24aa8531639e3f67d39ec8f7189c5734b501e8e555c64a37c2f1a3e01601ec","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"eb112dd095f888c4baaa5bd1c727857a29675a9ac1609e1235c0f7c33a405df9","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2018-07-16T20:09:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"b4e324df37ecee72a69e2e90131ee4d1c6560a5bf07582f4edde9794b58b8eee"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1807.06087","kind":"arxiv","version":4}},"canonical_sha256":"cbd124a75f00d9c2bbe1d31c56df17a997f521af33053b32bafbf8dc5fb1fe5f","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"cbd124a75f00d9c2bbe1d31c56df17a997f521af33053b32bafbf8dc5fb1fe5f","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:38.032151Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:38.032151Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Snyrb0ZlsTfL4wuj2u3hyWZHrv+nCXR7/DuIytNF0nWYrR67VN9LDbGWnEwBicXkQJ0z5dBWo0R/QHYWHb1OCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:01:38.032556Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1807.06087","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":4}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:2c24aa8531639e3f67d39ec8f7189c5734b501e8e555c64a37c2f1a3e01601ec","sha256:29e081ec08fc5eec6f9cb341e77d4b7eabe9b37e85751c94e7ac274f9fb56dde"],"state_sha256":"c3edd652e373cae9b412961941661f7949f42871fce472ed2d2778500ca075c9"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"PSBFInAuL729xPXl6jBEy1P3CzWx0neNaWod8nbqF5s1aOE9zLGSQlizZ8c9lU6uxUgjWF752vPTqm1V6J7qCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T04:20:44.175256Z","bundle_sha256":"88cbce147b4dc1d192285aa14d6cd50440ece2b17c5b82f57edc3097ed5b2d58"}}