Schwinger pair production in the evolving glasma generates hundreds of quarks and antiquarks per unit rapidity in central Pb-Pb collisions, with momentum broadening and spin randomization before hydrodynamics begins.
Non-Perturbative Quark-Antiquark Production From a Constant Chromo-Electric Field via the Schwinger Mechanism
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abstract
We obtain an exact result for the non-perturbative quark (antiquark) production rate and its p_T distribution from a constant SU(3) chromo-electric field E^a with arbitary color index $a$ by directly evaluating the path integral. Unlike the WKB tunneling result, which depends only on one gauge invariant quantity |E|, the strength of the chromo-electric field, we find that the exact result for the p_T distribution for quark (antiquark) production rate depends on two independent Casimir (gauge) invariants, E^aE^a and [d_{abc}E^aE^bE^c]^2.
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Non-perturbative quark production and transport in the evolving glasma: the WAGASHI event generator
Schwinger pair production in the evolving glasma generates hundreds of quarks and antiquarks per unit rapidity in central Pb-Pb collisions, with momentum broadening and spin randomization before hydrodynamics begins.