GreyRing model based on greybody factors reproduces numerical relativity ringdown signals with mismatches of order 10^{-6} and enables a new post-merger consistency test of general relativity applied to GW250114.
Modeling the frequency-domain ringdown amplitude of comparable-mass mergers with greybody factors
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abstract
It was recently shown that, in a binary coalescence, the greybody factor of the remnant black hole modulates the post-merger ringdown signal. In this work, we demonstrate that a simple four-parameter model based on the greybody factor accurately reproduces the frequency-domain amplitude of a large set of comparable-mass, aligned-spin numerical relativity waveforms from the SXS catalog, achieving mismatches of order ${\cal O}(10^{-5})$ and improving existing models by roughly two orders of magnitude. We also identify the optimal initial frequency for applying the model in the frequency domain and provide analytical fits of the model parameters in terms of the progenitor masses and aligned spins. Our results pave the way for new consistency tests of the ringdown phase, complementary to traditional black hole spectroscopy.
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WKB analysis of the Teukolsky equation establishes a quasinormal-mode to greybody-factor correspondence for Kerr black holes that holds in the eikonal limit for gravitational perturbations and matches numerics at high angular momentum.
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Novel ringdown tests of general relativity with black hole greybody factors
GreyRing model based on greybody factors reproduces numerical relativity ringdown signals with mismatches of order 10^{-6} and enables a new post-merger consistency test of general relativity applied to GW250114.
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Quasinormal mode/grey-body factor correspondence for Kerr black holes
WKB analysis of the Teukolsky equation establishes a quasinormal-mode to greybody-factor correspondence for Kerr black holes that holds in the eikonal limit for gravitational perturbations and matches numerics at high angular momentum.