Improved HULLAC atomic data for singly ionized lanthanides lower the energy levels and raise kilonova opacities by factors of 3-10 per element and roughly 1.5 for a lanthanide-rich mixture, broadly matching ab initio GRASP results.
(Left) Expansion opacities for𝜌= 10−13 g cm−3 and𝑇 = 5000K at 𝑡 = 1 day after the merger
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Systematic opacity calculations for kilonovae -- II. Improved atomic data for singly ionized lanthanides
Improved HULLAC atomic data for singly ionized lanthanides lower the energy levels and raise kilonova opacities by factors of 3-10 per element and roughly 1.5 for a lanthanide-rich mixture, broadly matching ab initio GRASP results.