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Observation of grand-canonical number statistics in a photon Bose-Einstein condensate

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arxiv 1311.6634 v2 pith:DSUHULD6 submitted 2013-11-26 cond-mat.quant-gas

Julian Schmitt , Tobias Damm , David Dung , Frank Vewinger , Jan Klaers , Martin Weitz This is my paper · ORCID
classification cond-mat.quant-gas
keywords numberbose-einsteingrand-canonicalparticlephotoncondensateconditionsfluctuations
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We report measurements of particle number correlations and fluctuations of a photon Bose-Einstein condensate in a dye microcavity using a Hanbury Brown-Twiss experiment. The photon gas is coupled to a reservoir of molecular excitations, which serve both as heat bath and particle reservoir to realize grand-canonical conditions. For large reservoirs, we observe strong number fluctuations of order of the total particle number extending deep into the condensed phase. Our results demonstrate that Bose-Einstein condensation under grand-canonical ensemble conditions does not imply second-order coherence.

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