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Measurement of the circular polarization in radio emission from extensive air showers confirms emission mechanisms

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arxiv 1611.00758 v2 pith:OHMIA5OT submitted 2016-11-02 astro-ph.IM

O. Scholten , T. N. G. Trinh , A. Bonardi , S. Buitink , P. Correa , A. Corstanje , Q. Dorosti Hasankiadeh , H. Falcke
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J. R. Hörandel P. Mitra K. Mulrey A. Nelles J. P. Rachen L. Rossetto P. Schellart S. Thoudam S. ter Veen K.D. de Vries T. Winchen
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We report here on a novel analysis of the complete set of four Stokes parameters that uniquely determine the linear and/or circular polarization of the radio signal for an extensive air shower. The observed dependency of the circular polarization on azimuth angle and distance to the shower axis is a clear signature of the interfering contributions from two different radiation mechanisms, a main contribution due to a geomagnetically-induced transverse current and a secondary component due to the build-up of excess charge at the shower front. The data, as measured at LOFAR, agree very well with a calculation from first principles. This opens the possibility to use circular polarization as an investigative tool in the analysis of air shower structure, such as for the determination of atmospheric electric fields.

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  1. A LOFAR-style reconstruction of cosmic-ray air showers with SKA-Low

    astro-ph.HE 2025-04 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Applying LOFAR's reconstruction method to full SKA-Low simulations yields 5 to 8 g/cm2 precision on the air-shower maximum between 10^16.6 and 10^18 eV, with beamforming extending the range down to 10^16 eV.

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