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Limits on assigning a shape to a nucleus
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The interpretation of nuclear observables in the laboratory frame in terms of the intrinsic deformation parameters beta and gamma is a classical theme in nuclear structure. Here we use the quadrupole invariants (Kumar), calculated within the framework of the configuration-interaction shell model, to clarify the meaning and limitations of nuclear shapes. We introduce a novel method that enables us to calculate accurately higher-order invariants and, therefore, the fluctuations in both beta and gamma. We find that the shape parameter beta often has a non-negligible degree of softness, and that the angle gamma is usually characterized by large fluctuations, rendering its effective value not meaningful. Contrary to common belief, we conclude that doubly magic nuclei are not spherical because the notion of a well-defined shape does not apply to them.
Forward citations
Cited by 3 Pith papers
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A "breathing'' octupole $^{208}$Pb nucleus: resolving the elliptical-to-triangular azimuthal anisotropy puzzle in ultracentral relativistic heavy ion collisions
A fluctuating octupole deformation of 208Pb with root-mean-square amplitude 0.15 simultaneously matches the v2/v3 ratio and the v3{4} cumulant data in ultracentral Pb+Pb collisions.
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Angular structure of many-body correlations in atomic nuclei: From nuclear deformations to diffractive vector meson production in $\gamma A$ collisions
Random rotation of an axially deformed intrinsic nuclear state produces a lab-frame two-body correlation proportional to cos(2φ12), which can be probed in diffractive photo-nuclear vector meson production.
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Normal and intruder configurations in $^{34}$Si populated in the $\beta^-$ decay of $^{34}$Mg and $^{34}$Al
New gamma-spectroscopy data extend the 34Si level scheme to 7.5 MeV, give a more precise B(E2; 2+1 -> 0+2) = 47(19) e2fm4, and rule out the previously claimed triaxial deformation.
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