Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T15:18:32.821683Z
Paper Citation Record · LEDGER
As of 21 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 58 of 58 outbound references and 0 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:1908.08012.
A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.
Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-14T15:18:32.821683Z
One-hop event checks from named stored sources.
Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00
Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.
Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links
A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.
Source: cited_works
58 of 58 outbound references displayed
External citation measurements
No source-named external measurement is stored.
Observation 95b75faf-3bf6-4867-9bae-b5ad52dc8c48 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Unresolved cited work
Reference 1
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation c3bea58a-a3b2-48e1-867c-431d37768cf4 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution 1(a), the network architecture of ANNs imitates the structure of biological neural network which includes a great number of neuron s and connections layer by layer [1]
Reference 2
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation bd2cef27-e434-4cba-94c2-8fac35ebc68f · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution The iris plants dataset is a simple dataset which includes 150 instances (4 attributes for each instance)
Reference 3
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 58c4aa93-e642-4da9-abf8-3e32e03349ef · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Deep neural networks for acoustic modeling in speech recognition: the shared views of four research groups,
Reference 4
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Observation 9c69d559-b81e-4e55-ac93-77f061e80635 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution A review of unsupervised feature learning and deep learning for time-series modeling,
Reference 5
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation a6da2eb3-3948-4030-8e8c-fed1adf95f79 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Deep learning,
Reference 6
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation cd0f4ab5-29b5-4d49-add1-d3c0c09a71e8 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Deep learning in neural networks: An overview,
Reference 7
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 6c2aa1a5-ecff-47a3-a4ea-e884d6f78eb7 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Recent trends in deep learning based natural language processing,
Reference 8
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 39ca90b8-1586-4907-85ea-5d39db6145d5 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Imagenet classification with deep convolutional neural networks,
Reference 9
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation f9db6a92-5b2b-4205-8b9c-4e2867e530be · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Very Deep Convolutional Networks for Large-Scale Image Recognition
Reference 10
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 85526f3c-7b13-40e0-b3fe-00fb4f7b9c9b · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution End to End Learning for Self-Driving Cars
Reference 11
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation a0631bb5-4ea1-465c-bb48-3def7c936a09 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Playing Atari with Deep Reinforcement Learning
Reference 12
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 7a6baef6-fcb5-46bb-b7e6-e766376bf99a · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Deep reinforcement learning for robotic manipulation with asynchronous off-policy updates,
Reference 13
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 265ee624-5aaf-4050-80bb-065aeac8fa20 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Theano: Deep learning on gpus with python,
Reference 14
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 608d2811-96cd-461e-b66d-c2f74f73c1a9 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Optimizing fpga-based accelerator design for deep convolutional neural networks,
Reference 15
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 06d070c9-6272-4c8f-8843-a7f1f713cb0f · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Going deeper with convolutions,
Reference 16
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 9ba0ecc2-f50a-4ab3-bd66-f54f55d16464 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Deep residual learning for image recognition,
Reference 17
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation d7e91874-dfc5-4585-8599-2bb4dd0c91be · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Long short-term memory,
Reference 18
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation b57bc999-9c0f-4c69-bed1-a412d02b27ad · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution The spinnaker project,
Reference 19
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation b52633d4-e573-4d7f-bc96-83376b6930ef · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution A CMOS Spiking Neuron for Brain-Inspired Neural Networks With Resistive Synapses andIn SituLearning,
Reference 20
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation d3e716c1-4837-465f-9872-56ac165de11e · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Diannao: A small-footprint high- throughput accelerator for ubiquitous machine-learning,
Reference 21
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 6cb3c81b-c44f-4d8d-ae44-e3bbf8729067 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Truenorth: Design and tool flow of a 65 mw 1 million neuron programmable neurosynaptic chip,
Reference 22
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation d22df329-7559-47dc-8e93-9ec6121bb8c6 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Loihi: A neuromorphic manycore processor with on-chip learning,
Reference 23
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation ba66d5d7-0807-439b-bb0d-7038e24964d4 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Recent progress in semiconductor excitable lasers for photonic spike processing,
Reference 24
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 132979cf-6321-47f8-85b1-f842e3d7a411 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution As alternative approaches to gradient - based methods, evolutionary algorithms are representative gradient free methods to optimize the weights of ANNs [41, 42]
Reference 25
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 3849ce6c-bd17-44f6-bcea-48f8a7b5d120 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Optical computing,
Reference 26
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 48a425fd-a8c9-428b-b4c3-fb2471ef2cb7 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution A leaky integrate-and-fire laser neuron for ultrafast cognitive computing,
Reference 27
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 09cae002-46b8-4f94-ad63-bf6da028ced4 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Multi-channel control for microring weight banks,
Reference 28
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 150ef774-2d0c-468b-8682-9474d51befdf · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Variance preserving initialization for training deep neuromorphic photonic networks with sinusoidal activations,
Reference 29
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation d9c9df27-6cb5-4758-a7b2-93b6ee037145 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Deep learning with coherent nanophotonic circuits,
Reference 30
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 1f9a2dab-8ec0-4efb-8112-2255bfe8d1ff · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution On-Chip Optical Convolutional Neural Networks
Reference 31
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation dfe9c7d8-ffd8-44ff-af0a-f2de43544134 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Reinforcement learning in a large-scale photonic recurrent neural network,
Reference 32
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 7f1d62a7-6a3b-4afd-aab7-6974f40dbbe4 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution All-optical machine learning using diffractive deep neural networks,
Reference 33
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation e82ada52-b085-4949-af81-72310d6a6c98 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Inverse design in nanophotonics,
Reference 34
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 58da6789-6d6b-4fcc-9713-18f0639cc32d · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution An all-optical neuron with sigmoid activation function,
Reference 35
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 94066fb3-c7d3-49ec-9d47-c4074f944fb3 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Reprogrammable Electro-Optic Nonlinear Activation Functions for Optical Neural Networks
Reference 36
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation db4ce5b6-f273-4450-bdf4-4a152e1383b2 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Self-learning photonic signal processor with an optical neural network chip
Reference 37
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 543c7cd2-6460-416e-a62a-4132b71a2b94 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Training of photonic neural networks through in situ backpropagation and gradient measurement,
Reference 38
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation f664fba2-5325-493d-8bf3-6ec0fdbbdaee · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Binary particle swarm optimized 2× 2 power splitters in a standard foundry silicon photonic platform,
Reference 39
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 6c0adaa8-07d9-4ed4-a550-fee3d1855686 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Silicon photonics circuit design: methods, tools and challenges,
Reference 40
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 54fc0694-b7b2-43f0-9e82-fad8d0ac3e27 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Efficient spectrum prediction and inverse design for plasmonic waveguide systems based on artificial neural networks,
Reference 41
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 19b00263-0f0c-4278-90bd-de1fbfe67550 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Genetically optimized on-chip wideband ultracompact reflectors and Fabry–Perot cavities,
Reference 42
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation 6ae58990-01a9-4d5f-99aa-42f428274b30 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Optimization for Gold Nanostructure-Based Surface Plasmon Biosensors Using a Microgenetic Algorithm,
Reference 43
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation e7e29ae8-ff7b-4d28-a341-7de885050321 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Spiking neural networks for handwritten digit recognition—Supervised learning and network optimization,
Reference 44
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 29df41c5-cd23-4663-b941-231e318f9817 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Designing neural networks through neuroevolution,
Reference 45
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation d90b5b6c-1a1e-4417-bb4a-57be99934546 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Deep Neuroevolution: Genetic Algorithms Are a Competitive Alternative for Training Deep Neural Networks for Reinforcement Learning
Reference 46
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation e010bd0a-397e-4143-882d-f8dab4fe4135 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Rainbow: Combining improvements in deep reinforcement learning,
Reference 47
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation e682819d-10cf-4b0b-a415-71b1659bff0e · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Deep learning in spiking neural networks,
Reference 48
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 01bd2eae-8870-4841-afc5-4edc804ced8b · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Optimal design for universal multiport interferometers,
Reference 49
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation aec82912-6503-4f68-ba56-a57377c72616 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Deep learning with spiking neurons: opportunities and challenges,
Reference 50
Source-reported events for the cited work
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Observation d71763a7-644f-4d2f-be09-91496a4b48c8 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Nonlinear optics with 2D layered materials,
Reference 51
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation a6ea8bfb-bdf0-4a9b-b3ef-f7ad6f60fa56 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Unresolved cited work
Reference 52
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation e7105fc2-4102-4a2f-8efd-408fcced2760 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Experimental realization of any discrete unitary operator,
Reference 53
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 1af3c7b9-6b17-4413-975a-2bdbb81dc885 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Feature selection based on hybridization of genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization,
Reference 55
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation f6412510-a0e9-4838-86fa-4fcaeefe74f9 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution A study of cross-validation and bootstrap for accuracy estimation and model selection,
Reference 56
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 8ffa95ed-783e-4a33-b21e-d74cfd7f0f0c · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Maximum certainty data partitioning,
Reference 57
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 55724615-dce7-41c3-8ded-d4506ac55b40 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution Automatic identification of digital modulation types,
Reference 58
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
Observation 03b55f23-aba8-4f9d-bf7e-624aabd1ad01 · outbound
Efficient training and design of photonic neural network through neuroevolution This phenomenon is easy to explain because the large populations enhance the global searching ability of the evolution algorithms [36]
Reference 200
Source-reported events for the cited work
No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00.
No inbound Pith citation observations are available.