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Gravitational waves from a dark $U(1)_D$ phase transition in the light of NANOGrav 12.5 yr data

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arxiv 2105.01007 v3 pith:XQEK4SMV submitted 2021-05-03 hep-ph astro-ph.CO

classification hep-phastro-ph.CO
keywords modelnanogravphasetransitiondarkdatagravitationallight
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abstract

We study a possibility of a strong first-order phase transition (FOPT) taking place below the electroweak scale in the context of $U(1)_D$ gauge extension of the standard model. As pointed out recently by the NANOGrav collaboration, gravitational waves from such a phase transition with appropriate strength and nucleation temperature can explain their 12.5 yr data. We first find the parameter space of this minimal model consistent with NANOGrav findings considering only a complex singlet scalar and $U(1)_D$ vector boson. Existence of a singlet fermion charged under $U(1)_D$ can give rise to dark matter in this model, preferably of non-thermal type, while incorporating additional fields can also generate light neutrino masses through typical low scale seesaw mechanisms like radiative or inverse seesaw.

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Forward citations

Cited by 4 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Gravitational Waves from Dark Gauge Sectors

    hep-ph 2025-08 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A dark SU(2) gauge sector that explains vector dark matter can produce LISA-detectable gravitational waves from a first-order phase transition, with a companion six-top signature at the HL-LHC.

  2. Fermi-ball in a multicomponent dark matter framework and its gravitational wave signatures

    hep-ph 2024-12 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    In a two-component dark matter model, a first-order phase transition can produce Fermi-balls and gravitational waves, with Fermi-balls potentially contributing up to about 30% of the dark matter relic density.

  3. Gravitational waves from a first-order phase transition of the inflaton

    hep-ph 2024-12 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A single non-minimally coupled dark Higgs can drive both inflation and a first-order phase transition whose gravitational waves fall within the reach of planned experiments.

  4. Probing Leptophobic Dark Sectors via Gravitational Wave Signatures

    hep-ph 2025-08 unverdicted novelty 4.0 of 10

    A gauged U(1)_B extension of the Standard Model is claimed to produce observable gravitational waves from a first-order phase transition, with dark matter around 8-12 TeV.

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