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Neural Controlled Differential Equations for Online Prediction Tasks

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arxiv 2106.11028 v1 pith:XI2JWQRY submitted 2021-06-21 cs.LG

classification cs.LG
keywords neuraltasksonlinecdespredictiontimebenchmarksconditions
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Neural controlled differential equations (Neural CDEs) are a continuous-time extension of recurrent neural networks (RNNs), achieving state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance at modelling functions of irregular time series. In order to interpret discrete data in continuous time, current implementations rely on non-causal interpolations of the data. This is fine when the whole time series is observed in advance, but means that Neural CDEs are not suitable for use in \textit{online prediction tasks}, where predictions need to be made in real-time: a major use case for recurrent networks. Here, we show how this limitation may be rectified. First, we identify several theoretical conditions that interpolation schemes for Neural CDEs should satisfy, such as boundedness and uniqueness. Second, we use these to motivate the introduction of new schemes that address these conditions, offering in particular measurability (for online prediction), and smoothness (for speed). Third, we empirically benchmark our online Neural CDE model on three continuous monitoring tasks from the MIMIC-IV medical database: we demonstrate improved performance on all tasks against ODE benchmarks, and on two of the three tasks against SOTA non-ODE benchmarks.

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Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. CausticFlow: An Efficient Machine Learning Framework Combining Neural Differential Equations and Normalizing Flows for Binary Microlensing Parameter Inference

    astro-ph.IM 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    CausticFlow combines neural CDEs and normalizing flows to propose binary microlensing posteriors in under a second, recovering ~80% of simulated events and 7 of 10 real events after local polishing.

  2. Time Resolution Independent Operator Learning

    cs.CE 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A DeepONet with a neural controlled differential equation branch and a trunk that takes space and time as inputs predicts transient mechanical fields from load histories at arbitrary spatiotemporal query points.

  3. Early Detection of Hardware Trojans Using Neural Controlled Differential Equations and Analysis of Power Traces

    cs.CR 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    An NCDE trained only on Trojan-free power traces plus an LDA threshold on prediction MSE separates clean, dormant-Trojan, and active-Trojan chips above a ~3% power-deviation sensitivity floor.

  4. TrajSurv: Learning Continuous Latent Trajectories from Electronic Health Records for Trustworthy Survival Prediction

    cs.LG 2025-08 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    TrajSurv learns continuous latent patient trajectories from irregular EHR data using an NCDE, aligns them with SOFA severity scores via time-aware contrastive learning, and uses vector-field and trajectory-clustering ...

  5. Data-driven modeling of a settling sphere in a quiescent medium

    physics.flu-dyn 2025-07 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Neural ODE and neural SDE models trained on experimental particle tracks reproduce long-time statistics of a chaotic settling sphere, with deterministic models generalizing better to new initial conditions.

  6. HD-NDEs: Neural Differential Equations for Hallucination Detection in LLMs

    cs.CL 2025-05 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Modeling the full token-by-token trajectory of LLM hidden states with neural ODEs, CDEs, and SDEs improves hallucination detection by over 14% AUC on a constructed true/false benchmark, though gains shrink on QA datasets.

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