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New Strong Gravitational Lenses from the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys Data Release 9
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abstract
We have conducted a search for strong gravitational lensing systems in the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Legacy Imaging Surveys Data Release 9. This is the third paper in a series. These surveys together cover $\sim$19,000 deg$^2$ visible from the Northern Hemisphere, reaching a z-band AB magnitude of $\sim$22.5. We use a deep residual neural network, trained on a compilation of known lensing systems and high-grade candidates as well as nonlenses in the same footprint. After applying our trained neural network to the survey data, we visually inspect and rank images with probabilities above a threshold which has been chosen to balance precision and recall. We have found 1895 lens candidates, of which 1512 are identified for the first time. Combining the discoveries from this work with those from Papers I (335) and II (1210), we have discovered a total of 3057 new candidates in the Legacy Surveys.
Forward citations
Cited by 4 Pith papers
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ML-Driven Strong Lens Discoveries: Down to $\theta_E \sim 0.03''$ and $M_\mathrm{halo}< 10^{11} M_\odot$
A ResNet and U-Net pipeline trained on simulated JWST images can detect and locate strong lenses with Einstein radii down to 0.03 arcseconds, forecasting about 17 detectable low-halo-mass lenses per square degree.
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Discovering Strong Gravitational Lenses in the Dark Energy Survey with Interactive Machine Learning and Crowd-sourced Inspection with Space Warps
A Vision Transformer trained with interactive multi-class feedback and checked by citizen scientists finds 1,328 strong lens candidates in DES Year 6 data, including 147 new systems.
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A compact group lens modeled with GIGA-Lens: Enhanced inference for complex systems
The enhanced GIGA-Lens pipeline constrains a 29-parameter model of the group lens DES J0248-3955 in about 4.5 minutes and reports a lens velocity dispersion of 690 ± 30 km/s.
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Confirming HSC strong lens candidates with DESI Spectroscopy. I. Project overview and first results
Serendipitous DESI DR1 spectra confirm 27 HSC strong-lens systems and add 76 candidates with lensing galaxies at z>0.8.
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